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DC electric motors in physics education
Fiala, David ; Žilavý, Peter (advisor) ; Lustig, František (referee)
The presented work deals with DC electric motors in physics teaching. Its first part contains a theoretical basis, followed by an overview of study materials, physics textbooks and selection from professional literature in which this topic is included. The practical part consists of four sections. The first deals with simple electric motors that are easy to apply in physics classes at both primary and secondary schools. The second part compares two commutator electric motor kits. The third part presents an applet that illustrates the principle of operation of a DC electric motor with an armature consisting of three coils. At the end of the practical part, the school measurement on an electric motor assembled from one of the compared kits is described and processed. 1
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Development of Czech teaching materials for the Vernier experimental system
Vogalová, Naděžda ; Böhm, Pavel (advisor) ; Žilavý, Peter (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to summarize already published tutorials for experiments with the Vernier lab system and to write new tutorials respecting requirements and specifics of the Czech educational system. Six new detailed tutorials were prepared. All of them were, or would be, published on the Internet web site of The Framework Education Programmes (www.rvp.cz). Following tutorials were written: Bulb flickering, Warm-up of a compact fluorescent lamp, Relation between illumination and distance of the light source, Relation between illumination and number of filters, Why is salt used in the winter on the roads, Photochromic glasses. Each experiment is accompanied by a classification with respect to The Framework Education Programmes and by requirements for The State High School Leaving Exam (``maturita'').
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Automation of dust charging experiment
Pechal, Radim ; Pavlů, Jiří (advisor) ; Žilavý, Peter (referee)
Title: Automation of dust charging experiment Author: Radim Pechal Department: Department of Surface and Plasma Science Supervisor: RNDr. Jiří Pavlů, PhD. Supervisor's e-mail address: Jiri.Pavlu@mff.cuni.cz Abstract: Since the dust grains are expected to cause problems during operation of tokamaks, there is a developing research of these devices which raises interest in dust grain charging processes research as well. Clarification of the dust grain charging processes may help with their solutions. This thesis deals with an issue of designing a part of a new experimental setup for dust grain research built at the Department of Surface and Plasma Science, Charles University in Prague. The base of this experimental setup is original linear quadrupole trap enabling dust grain trapping and its charging by electron, ion, and UV beams. In the thesis, a method of stabilization of one part of grain oscillation frequency detection is described. The thesis is focused on a development of a control unit and high voltage power supply for an image intensifier. To measure charging processes tungsten dust grains were used. This material will be probably used in construction of ITER tomakak. Electron equilibrium characteristics and other parameters were measured. Two samples of tungsten dust grains were used for...
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Electric power distribution systems in physics education
Vejmelka, Lukáš ; Žilavý, Peter (advisor)
Short circuit, electrical overloads, power line losses and electrical injury, but also circuit breaker and fuse, leakage current protector, power transformation and protection against electric shock. All these terms are connected with the mystery of operation in eletric power distribution systems. Let us join electricity on its journey from power station to everyone's socket. What do we experience on this adventurous journey? Sometimes there may be even a risk of death! Fortunately, thanks to the sophisticated application of physical principles of electricity and magnetism, most of the threats are avoided. Will we be able to uncover the veil of physical electricity site or will it defend its secrets?
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Practical Electroacoustics in Physics Education
Matouš, Otakar ; Žilavý, Peter (advisor) ; Dvořák, Leoš (referee)
v anglickém jazyce The subject of the presented work is (the usage of) electroacoustic transducers in physics teaching. Its first part contains an overview of study materials, physics textbooks and a selection of academic studies dealing with the aforementioned topic. The central part of the thesis consists of three experimental activities in which electroacoustic transducers are employed. These activities may be adopted for home or laboratory work of students or in hobby groups. The first activity aims at exploring the principle of operation of or- dinary headphones. The second activity contains instructions for making a simple phone. The third, most extensive activity, focuses on the measurement of electrical properties of various electroacoustic transducers. The results are further used for a more detailed discussion of their operating principles. In the final part of the thesis, the usage and verification of one of these proposed activities in practice are discussed.
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Alternating current circuits in physics education
Cinkraut, Kamil ; Žilavý, Peter (advisor) ; Kácovský, Petr (referee)
The aim of the paper is to define and explain terms of phasor and phasor diagram for students of secondary education level in the Czech republic. It is providing a link between the theoretical foundation of the terms in the mathematics based textbooks available on the market and its establishement and practical use in the teaching process. The purpose of the thesis is to explain the problematic of phasor and phasor diagram in the elecrtic load with the alternating current power supply, which consists of rezistor (R), inductor (L) and capacitor (C). In the second part of the paper, the problematic of the complex numbers and its use is described. In this part, the solution of series or parallel RLC circuit is found by the use of phasor diagram or complex numbers. The paper is furthermore providing reader with problems with solution, which serve as an example for the teaching purposes. The paper is providing the reader with a combination of the theoretical foundation of phasor and phasor diagram with their practical use and application, in order to enable a coherent and understandable explanation of the terms.
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Renewable Energy Sources as Inspiration for Physics Experiments
Kopřiva, Tomáš ; Kácovský, Petr (advisor) ; Žilavý, Peter (referee)
Title: Renewable Energy Sources as Inspiration for Physics Experiments Author: Bc. Tomáš Kopřiva Department: Department of Physics Education Supervisor: RNDr. Petr Kácovský, Ph.D. Abstrakt: This thesis deals with a current issue of renewable resources of energy. It focuses on the Sun, wind and hydrogen as energy resources.The first part of the thesis provides a theoretical explanation to these resources and is followed by a practical part with the aim to explain this issue to students by using experiments included in worksheets. The theoretical part is focused on the minimal knowledge that is needed for completing the worksheets. This part also describes suitability of these resources in the context of the Czech Republic. The second part of the thesis is exclusively experimental. It describes educational kits that can be used to demonstrate renewable resources of energy. It also includes instructions to create worksheets. The attachment, which is part of the thesis, contains a set of worksheets and a CD which, among others, contains other worksheets filled in by students. Key words: renewable resources, worksheet, experiment, solar cell, fuel cell, wind turbine, efficiency
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Methods for solving electrical circuits in teaching physics
Matouš, Otakar ; Žilavý, Peter (advisor) ; Lustig, František (referee)
The bachelor thesis Methods of Circuit Solving in Physics Education contains eight main parts. In the first part, a brief research of physics knowledge a pupil can get through primary and secondary education is conducted. The second part contains an introduction of physics terms and the necessary mathematics. The next part is dedicated to Kirchhoff's circuit laws and their application in solving circuit problems. The next chapter introduces the individual methods and their use. The last chapter is the Practical Part, which provides verification of the theoretical calculations.
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