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Cereal in the medieval culture of the Czech lands
Freiová, Kristýna ; Czumalo, Vladimír (advisor) ; Hubáček, Ondřej (referee)
Agriculture makes its first appearance in human history about 12 000 - 5 000 years ago. Around that time, people took to a sedentary way of life so they could primarily till the land and grow the grains which they had come to know in their wild varieties. This new way of life gradually changed the social and cultural order. A return to primeval living was not impossible, though. Before the Slavs arrived on the territory of what is today Moravia and Bohemia, various Indo-European tribes had already pursued agriculture in our part of the world, chief among them the Celts and the Germans. The Slavs, which came from the eastern part of Europe, probably in the second half of the 6th century, built upon the farming of these erstwhile peoples. After the rise and fall of proto-states, for which evidence has survived only in the case of Great Moravia, an early Bohemian state took hold. In the local culture, grain played an indispensable role. Farming was the main livelihood of the entire populace. Crops of choice at the time were millet, einkorn, and emmer wheat, which gradually gave way to common wheat and barley. The land was tilled with wooden hoes which merely cut furrows in the soil. The grain, which was harvested using sickles, was stored in pits in the ground. To improve digestibility of the grain...
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Stanovení vybraných parametrů rozdílných způsobů zakládání porostu cukrové řepy
CHADRABA, Václav
The work is focused on operational comparison of two technologies of sugar beet growth. The comparison took place on two adjacent plots with almost the same properties. On the first plot the stand was based on Stip-Tillage technology. On the second plot was used minimalization technology, specifically loosening and subsequent preparation before sowing using a compactor. Several parameters of the soil preparation were evaluated on the plots. Subsequently, the vegetation was monitored during the growing season. The thesis is also supplemented by yield parameters and simplified economic evaluation.
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Využití hloubkového kypřiče při pěstování obilovin a řepky olejné
MICHEK, Aleš
The diploma thesis deals with the comparison of two technologies for soil cultivation in winter rape and winter wheat growing in 2017 and 2018. The first technology is a conventional technology, or classic using plowing and the second one is a minimization technology, where plowing is replaced by loosening. The work is focused on the comparison of fuel consumption, investment and operating costs, exploitative indicators and machine work quality. Furthermore, the thesis is focused on the description of particular machines and the company of primary agricultural production, where the machine is used.
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Využití hloubkového kypřiče při pěstování obilovin a řepky olejné v podniku Zemědělské služby Dynín, a.s.
KUBEŠ, Jan
This diploma thesis deals with deep cultivators which are used in companies of agricultural production. Theoretical part is focused on the history of soil proccessing, soil treatement and loosening machines which are being used today. That includes disc cultivators, tine cultivators, chisel cultivators, rod cultivators and machines with driven work gears. Practical part of theses includes comparison of chisel cultivator and plough doing tillage. The quality of keeping the depth invariable is being evaluated, as well as time-consuming nature, consumption of fuel and drain on resources.
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Porovnání konvenčního a minimalizačního zpracování půdy
POLAN, Tomáš
This bachelor thesis deals with soil tillage systems. It contains of using individual technologies with regard to fuel consumption, time needed for operations and condition of growing crops. Machines used for the tillage are also described in this thesis. The experiment was realized in a single groundfield which was divided to avoid distortion of results by different soil quality.
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Měření spotřeby pohonných hmot různých konstrukcí pluhů
ŠVEC, Tomáš
The aim of this thesis is to measure the plowing set´s consumption of fuel using unilateral and reversible plow under equal conditions of an agricultural enterprise in the Czech Republic, and to evaluate the obtained results. Another aim of the thesis is to respond to scientific hypotheses as to which of the observed technologies has an impact on cost savings and whether this technology has an impact on the quality of the crop. The content of the thesis is a description of soil and its characteristics, it further deals with soil processing, tillage especially and its parameters, and tools needed for these operations. It then describes plow construction especially. Last but not least, the thesis contains factors which may influence work economy. The measuring has clarified the consumption of unilateral and reversible plows´ set under equal conditions. Based on this consumption it was found out which technology is more economical, optionally giving the growth of percentage.
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Porovnání výkoností a spotřeb pohonných hmot v přípravě půdy
KUKLA, Martin
In Bachelor thesis threre is analysis the princip of activity of individual types of machines, which are designed to tillage and their effective use. In the thesis there is a question, which preparation of soil is the most suitable in connection with time, which is needed for manage work, demands for fuel and the final yield of harvested crops. For measurement there were created two land on one field, so the soil properties was the same. It means that there is a minimmum of distortion of measurement results
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Cereal in the medieval culture of the Czech lands
Freiová, Kristýna ; Czumalo, Vladimír (advisor) ; Hubáček, Ondřej (referee)
Agriculture makes its first appearance in human history about 12 000 - 5 000 years ago. Around that time, people took to a sedentary way of life so they could primarily till the land and grow the grains which they had come to know in their wild varieties. This new way of life gradually changed the social and cultural order. A return to primeval living was not impossible, though. Before the Slavs arrived on the territory of what is today Moravia and Bohemia, various Indo-European tribes had already pursued agriculture in our part of the world, chief among them the Celts and the Germans. The Slavs, which came from the eastern part of Europe, probably in the second half of the 6th century, built upon the farming of these erstwhile peoples. After the rise and fall of proto-states, for which evidence has survived only in the case of Great Moravia, an early Bohemian state took hold. In the local culture, grain played an indispensable role. Farming was the main livelihood of the entire populace. Crops of choice at the time were millet, einkorn, and emmer wheat, which gradually gave way to common wheat and barley. The land was tilled with wooden hoes which merely cut furrows in the soil. The grain, which was harvested using sickles, was stored in pits in the ground. To improve digestibility of the grain...
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Possibilities of winter rape cropstands establishment
TUPÁ, Jiřina
This thesis is concerned by importance and possibilities of winter oilseed rape growths foundation. At first, thesis briefly describes characteristics of oilseed rape and its life cycle. At second, thesis summarizes the information about demands for nutrients of particular elements which are necessary for optimal yield index, health condition, problematic of adverse effects and hibernation, diversity of species and quality of seed production. Possibilities of growths founding are related to growing technologies, which are given by experience of leading worker and financial possibilities of a company. First possibility how to prepare ideal conditions for evolution and growth is usage of classic soil preparation. Thus to use a tillage which guarantees a quality conditions for strong and deep root, which is resistant to low temperatures and pulling off the soil, therefore to losses of plants and so that to decreases of yield. Next possibility is to use a system of minimizing preparation of soil, where the tillage is skipped and replaced by loosening of soil. In this process we to thoroughly take into account weed and second growth. In the last years the second system becomes more significant. Last system to found a growth is usage of direct sowing. This system is known as soil-protective cultivation and is used when there is a lack of time to prepare seedbed. The objective of the thesis is to determine the possibilities of oilseed rape growths foundation and to explain which differences and advantages are available in particular cases. Results of the researches show that the most suitable system is to process the soil by tillage and to use sowing combination. It guarantees accurate sowing and minimizes harvest losses.
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The Minimalization of the soil tillage in the higher spheres
DOKULIL, Jan
The aim of the work was to monitor the yield elements and economics at indulgence of the winter barley and economics of the winter rape with usage of conservative technologies (shallow soil loosening, deeper soil loosening without reversion of the soil {--} only by the rape) in comparison with the conventional soil tillage (tillage). The yield elements by the winter barley were different in both years 2006 and 2007. In 2006 it was for the benefit of the tillage and in 2007 for the benefit of the shallow soil loosening. The number of growths was demonstrably higher at conventional soil tillage in spring and in autumn. The grain yield and the costs of herbicidal protection were observed. The highest yield at the winter rape was achieved by deeper soil loosening. The second place option was a variant of a tillage and the worst yield was found out in the shallow soil loosening. The final costs of the foundation of vegetation and herbicidal protection were lowest at the minimal soil tillage in all the options.
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