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Development of a mathematical model for the prediction of the heat transfer coefficient during spray cooling of hot steel surfaces
Oberta, Brian ; Resl, Ondřej (oponent) ; Chabičovský, Martin (vedoucí práce)
Spray cooling of hot surfaces is used in the metallurgical industry for continuous casting, hot rolling and heat treatment. The water is sprayed by the nozzle on the cooled surface. Physically speaking, the process of cooling can be characterized as forced convection with the presence of the boiling. The spray cooling is influenced by the factors depanding on characteristics of cooling liquid (water impingement density, water temperature, droplet size, impact velocity) and characteristics of cooled surface (surface temperature, surface roughness, presence of oxides, type of material). In the moment, there are not exact physical equation which can precisly describe the complicated process of heat transfer during spray boiling. This thesis deals with the creation of the model for prediction of the heat transfer coefficient during film boiling and the model for prediction of the Leidenfrost temperature. These models are depending on characteristics of spray cooling. The creation of the models is based on experimentaly mesured data. My created models are then compared with already published models.
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EFFECT OF FLOW PARAMETERS OF WATER AND AIR ATOMIZED SPRAYS ON COOLING INTENSITY OF HOT SURFACES
Boháček, Jan ; Střasák,, Pavel (oponent) ; Rudolf, Pavel (oponent) ; Horský, Jaroslav (vedoucí práce)
The present thesis is focused on an overall description of water jets and air atomized jets for cooling purposes using CFD methods namely ANSYS FLUENT. It comprises two main parts – the micro and the macro model. The micro model concerns with a numerical description of single droplet dynamics whereas the macro model deals with a numerical modeling of water jets as complicated droplet structures emanating from solid stream nozzle and flat fan nozzle. By and large, it is based on multiphase models and User Defined Functions (UDFs), which represents the background of the present thesis. In most of cases, the presented numerical models were compared either with experimental data or another numerical model. In the first part, the theory of each of three multiphase models is discussed. The first one, the Volume Of Fluid model (VOF), was used for simulation of single droplet dynamics designated as a micro model whilst last two multiphase models, the Euler-Euler model and the Euler-Lagrange model, were applied in the case of modeling of the entire water jet structure, which is contrarily designated as a macro model. The micro model concerns with a numerical study of free-falling water droplet. For small droplet diameters (~100µm) the standard surface tension model (Continuum Surface Force model, CSF) was proved to cause significant unphysical parasitic currents. Therefore, the thesis is also devoted to surface tension as a source term of body forces imposed in momentum equation, normal, curvature calculation and related issues. The macro model covers a numerical study of dynamics of the entire water jet structure i.e. the space between the nozzle exit and the wall where the jet impinges. It accounts for the complete geometry, for instance, support rolls, a slab and a mold bottom of a continuous caster. Firstly, the physics of a solid jet impact onto a hot plate was simulated using both, the VOF and the Euler-Lagrange model. As regards the case with the VOF model, a model for film boiling was designed and tested. Finally, both, the Euler-Euler model and the Euler-Lagrange model, were used for simulation of a flat jet horizontally spraying onto a hot slab inside a confined domain bounded by support rolls and a mold bottom. Concerning the simulation with the Euler-Euler model, a secondary breakup model was introduced based on the wave stability atomization theory. Concerning the Euler-Lagrange simulation, the dispersed phase (Lagrange particles) formed rather a continuous phase in some places, and therefore the coupling between Lagrange particles and the VOF model via UDFs was proposed.
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Development of a mathematical model for the prediction of the heat transfer coefficient during spray cooling of hot steel surfaces
Oberta, Brian ; Resl, Ondřej (oponent) ; Chabičovský, Martin (vedoucí práce)
Spray cooling of hot surfaces is used in the metallurgical industry for continuous casting, hot rolling and heat treatment. The water is sprayed by the nozzle on the cooled surface. Physically speaking, the process of cooling can be characterized as forced convection with the presence of the boiling. The spray cooling is influenced by the factors depanding on characteristics of cooling liquid (water impingement density, water temperature, droplet size, impact velocity) and characteristics of cooled surface (surface temperature, surface roughness, presence of oxides, type of material). In the moment, there are not exact physical equation which can precisly describe the complicated process of heat transfer during spray boiling. This thesis deals with the creation of the model for prediction of the heat transfer coefficient during film boiling and the model for prediction of the Leidenfrost temperature. These models are depending on characteristics of spray cooling. The creation of the models is based on experimentaly mesured data. My created models are then compared with already published models.
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EFFECT OF FLOW PARAMETERS OF WATER AND AIR ATOMIZED SPRAYS ON COOLING INTENSITY OF HOT SURFACES
Boháček, Jan ; Střasák,, Pavel (oponent) ; Rudolf, Pavel (oponent) ; Horský, Jaroslav (vedoucí práce)
The present thesis is focused on an overall description of water jets and air atomized jets for cooling purposes using CFD methods namely ANSYS FLUENT. It comprises two main parts – the micro and the macro model. The micro model concerns with a numerical description of single droplet dynamics whereas the macro model deals with a numerical modeling of water jets as complicated droplet structures emanating from solid stream nozzle and flat fan nozzle. By and large, it is based on multiphase models and User Defined Functions (UDFs), which represents the background of the present thesis. In most of cases, the presented numerical models were compared either with experimental data or another numerical model. In the first part, the theory of each of three multiphase models is discussed. The first one, the Volume Of Fluid model (VOF), was used for simulation of single droplet dynamics designated as a micro model whilst last two multiphase models, the Euler-Euler model and the Euler-Lagrange model, were applied in the case of modeling of the entire water jet structure, which is contrarily designated as a macro model. The micro model concerns with a numerical study of free-falling water droplet. For small droplet diameters (~100µm) the standard surface tension model (Continuum Surface Force model, CSF) was proved to cause significant unphysical parasitic currents. Therefore, the thesis is also devoted to surface tension as a source term of body forces imposed in momentum equation, normal, curvature calculation and related issues. The macro model covers a numerical study of dynamics of the entire water jet structure i.e. the space between the nozzle exit and the wall where the jet impinges. It accounts for the complete geometry, for instance, support rolls, a slab and a mold bottom of a continuous caster. Firstly, the physics of a solid jet impact onto a hot plate was simulated using both, the VOF and the Euler-Lagrange model. As regards the case with the VOF model, a model for film boiling was designed and tested. Finally, both, the Euler-Euler model and the Euler-Lagrange model, were used for simulation of a flat jet horizontally spraying onto a hot slab inside a confined domain bounded by support rolls and a mold bottom. Concerning the simulation with the Euler-Euler model, a secondary breakup model was introduced based on the wave stability atomization theory. Concerning the Euler-Lagrange simulation, the dispersed phase (Lagrange particles) formed rather a continuous phase in some places, and therefore the coupling between Lagrange particles and the VOF model via UDFs was proposed.
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