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Inverting Peace: The Bottom-Up Role of the Mine Action Community in Postliberal Peace-Building
Emery, Rupert Nicholas Ruscombe ; Ditrych, Ondřej (vedoucí práce) ; Rosendorf, Ondřej (oponent)
This thesis explores the role of the humanitarian mine action (HMA) sector in peacebuilding and post-conflict reconstruction. Mine action is widely believed to be an integral component of peacebuilding, and its conduct has evolved significantly through the 20th and 21st centuries. Through the lens of postliberal international relations theory, HMA - and its practices and practitioners - is examined as a contributor to peace. To accomplish this a Bourdiesian field analysis of the HMA sector was conducted; along with a more in-depth case study of mine action in Sri Lanka which draws upon data from in-depth interviews and policy analysis. The results shed light on certain power relations in the HMA field relating to knowledge, expertise, and legitimacy; and provides a preliminary exploration of the contributions of mine action to a postliberal conception of peace. These results highlight both the potential of the method, and the need for further ethnographic study.
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Small country turning left: Ecuador's economic development before and after 2007 in the context of current political change in South America.
Bartus, Roberto ; Žamberský, Pavel (vedoucí práce) ; Taušer, Josef (oponent)
Leftist governments are not very popular in media. However, South America seems to have ignored the critics and has elected several left wing governments in the recent years. This is also the case of Ecuador, a relatively small country, which has gone through interesting political and economic reforms since 2007. This thesis will try to evaluate the economic performance of Ecuador after this change happened, within the context of the general regime change to leftist or anti-neoliberal policies in the rest of the South American continent. The performance will be first compared between the countries according to their government's ideology through an econometric analysis of a group of economic, socio-economic and perceptual variables. After that, a more detailed analysis will be performed on Ecuador's indicators. Interestingly, results show an overall improvement of economic and socio-economic conditions in the countries under the leftist rule, which relies on a strong civic support, compared to the countries still following the neoliberal policies. The case study of Ecuador pretends to provide an example. of a successful performance since the country turned left in 2007.While this area is rarely analyzed, this thesis contributes some knowledge to the field about effectiveness of the current political economy in Latin America Moreover, it contributes to undermine critics often widespread in the media in cooperation with certain states and organizations for keeping the current unequal distribution of power and wealth intact.
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