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Accounting versus tax evidence in terms of individual entrepreneur
Schüllerová, Petra ; Jirásková, Simona (advisor) ; Molín, Jan (referee)
Bachelor thesis shows the economic activity of individual entrepreneur. At the beginning it is defined legislative significance of tax evidence and accounting. Individual chapters compare intangible assets, fixed assets, company car, depreciation of assets, resources, payroll evidence, foreign currency and VAT using both methods. There is described the method of calculating health insurance and social insurance. Thesis analyses the process at the end of tax year in keeping tax evidence and describes the financial statements. At the conclusion is a practical example that compares economic result and tax base in keeping tax evidence and accounting.
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Personal income tax of self-employer dealing with accommodation services
ZÁVODSKÁ, Iveta
Tax on personal income is one of the direct taxes. Certainly it isn´t one of the simplest. It affects all taxable income of individuals. Based on Income taxes Act, it addresses the issue of income taxation of individuals and legal persons. Some questions are defined for both taxes together. Significant differences are mainly in the construction of the tax base and consequently the tax rates. Tax on personal income is the third most important source of the state budget. I have tried to describe the tax system in the Czech Republic. Then I have focused mainly on tax on personal income. I also tried to highlight the most important changes that have occurred in recent years. Practical part of the thesis is focused on the income taxation of the self-employed. I chose businesswoman who runs a small guesthouse in Český Krumlov. I analyzed the tax actually paid during the last five years, trying to find a suitable alternative tax base calculation, which would allow tax savings.
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Comparison between company´s legal form in term of the expected tax burden
Pavlíčková, Tereza ; Klazar, Stanislav (advisor) ; Láchová, Lenka (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the relationship between a company's legal form and its tax optimisation. The goal of this thesis is to answer the question, whether it is more desirable to be a self-employer or a limited liability company in terms of the expected tax burden. The first part handles the theoretical and legislative definition of the mentioned legal forms as well as the definition of personal / corporate income tax and national insurance. The second part of the thesis addresses an analysis of the both legal forms' tax burden and connects the obtained facts using synthesis. It finds out under what circumstances this or another legal form is more advantageous. All information is valid for the year 2010.
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Social insurance of employees and the self-employed
Krahulíková, Martina ; Chvátalová, Iva (advisor) ; Spirit, Michal (referee)
The bachelor thesis deals with social insurance of employees and the self-employed. The aim of this thesis is to describe the basic elements of the social insurance system in the Czech Republic and a position, which employees and the self-employed take in this system and to summarize, in which points the system of social insurance is the same for both groups of insured persones and on the contrary where we can find the main differences. The thesis is divided into five chapters. The first chapter defines a term "social insurance", its development and the sources of law and describes the individual parts of this system -- sickness, pension and health insurance systems. The second chapter is concerned with employees and with their position in all these social insurance systems.The third chapter has the same content as the second one, but deals with the self-employed. The next chapter describes the social insurance system for a person, who performs both activities -- self-employment and also occupation. The last chapter contains a comparison of social insurance of employees and the self-employed.
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Tax burden of various forms of enterprise
Kurková, Kateřina ; Slintáková, Barbora (advisor) ; Hartlová, Alena (referee)
The bachelor work deals with comparing of tax burden of choice forms of business. The first part contains common legislation of personal income tax and corporate income tax. In the second part I characterize the choice forms of business and their ways lead of accounting. The last practical part includes calculations of tax burden at particular forms of business depending on the ways lead of accounting.
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Development of the System of Taxes
Krymláková, Kateřina ; Kozlová, Taťána (advisor) ; Dvořák, Jiří (referee)
This thesis deals with the history of taxation and development of tax system in the Czech Republic from 1989 to the end of year 2010. Thesis compares the tax system in the CR based on progressive taxation and taxation based on the concept of flat rate tax with a focus on a personal income tax. Thesis shows the influence of the development of tax system on the state budget.
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Employment from the View of Current Legal Regulations and the Role of Employment Offices
PLÁŠILOVÁ, Eva
The dissertation deals with the current situation of the labour market, as well as presents legal wording in the field of labour law, employment law, labour code, their ammendments, and other important legal regulations. The aim of this work is an analysis of the existing situation of the labour market and the cooperation with employment offices and companies in the Czech Republic. In addition, it looks to define an understanding of the real situations and problems these institutions struggle with, using statistical and mathematical models learned during my studies.
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Real amount of flat costs of gainfully employed persons
MAKOVÁ, Andrea
This Diploma thesis called ``Real amount of flat costs of gainfully employed persons`` focuses on the amount of flat costs, the possibilities of cost claims and their advantages. The purpose of this thesis is to analyse the differences between the amounts of income tax of a physical entity by calculating with flat costs (costs by percentage of income) and by calculating with real costs (costs of achievement, assurance and maintenance of taxable incomes). The theoretical part describes the Act No. 586/1992 Coll. on Income taxes, especially the terms and definitions used in this Act. Next part of this thesis refers to the development of flat costs and conditions of cost claims. The final part of this thesis consists of the Slovak and the Austrian version of tax legislation regarding flat costs. The practical part of this thesis contains my analysis of the development of collection of income tax of physical entities within the Czech Republic. I have focused primarily on South Bohemia and have compared the number of taxable persons and the extent of flat costs usage. Concrete examples are stated at the end of this part.
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Topical problem selection insurable on social security and suggestions de lege ferenda.
ŠIŠKOVÁ, Petra
The bachelor thesis deals with the issue of premiums for the social security insurance and some related current issues. The social security system in the Czech Republic introduced a new institute of premium for social security on 1 January 1993. Within the reform of the social security system the principle of funding was replaced by the insurance principle. The fundamental change consisted in the fact that the insured persons pay premiums and the relation between the paid premiums and the pension and sick leave benefits is adjusted accordingly. The new system of social security insurance has experienced some changes since then, responding to the necessity to deal with problems of its implementation, as the transformation was systemic and very substantial. Even at present the implementation of the social security insurance is accompanied by problems, ambiguities and theoretical discussions about how the system fulfills its purpose, what are the positive and negative sides of its functions and what potential adjustments are required. The subject matter of my thesis is the current status of the legal regulations dealing with the premiums, stages of development and current issues. Based on the definition of the thesis topic the research was mainly based on non-numerical data. The objective of the thesis is to determine, describe and analyze the main problems encountered in the practical execution, lucidity of the existing legal regulations governing the premium for social security insurance for the contributors and payers of the premiums, particularly among the employees, employers and self-employed persons. Within the process of achieving the main objective some partial objectives were established to verify lucidity and usability in their decision-making and the relation between the paid premium and the amounts of the benefits from the insurance. Answers to the questions asked in the qualitative research were evaluated and compared with expert opinions and with the legal regulations. In agreement with the assignment of the bachelor thesis some hypotheses have been formulated, which may be verified by means of a further research, and related measures have been proposed.
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