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New trends in the metrology of geometrical quantities
Lazar, Josef
The contribution deals with an overview of trends in modern fundamental dimensional metrology. This is since the introduction of the definition of metre derived from the vacuum speed of light the domain of laser optics and interferometry. The fundamental etalons of length are highly stable optical oscillators – lasers and the primary measurements of lengths are performed by interferometers. This overview covers the newest results of development of stabilized lasers and interferometry of high resolution in the sub-nanometre range especially concerning the results achieved at the Department of Coherence Optics of the Institute of Scientific Instruments of the ASCR in this field.
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Optical methods in experimental mechanics
Hrabovský, Miroslav
The paper deals with experimental methods used in experimental mechanics, especially in experimental stress analysis. High attention is given to optical methods - classical and modern optical methods and its future in mechanics. They are classical interferometry based on optical interference and superposition, stereometry, photoplasticity, moiré, holography speckle photography etc.
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