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Nutrition of diabetics treated with the continual insulin pump
VALOVÁ, Barbora
My bachelor thesis focuses on nutrition of diabetic people with continuous insulin pump. The theoretical part describes diabetes mellitus as a disease. In this part I describe you treatment possibility and also I introduce you the way of eating. In my research there were involved ten respondents, who suffer from diabetes mellitus and all of them were treated with continuous diabetic pump. This research includes two parts. At first I want to findout and evaluate rating habits of diabetics who have insulin pump. And I will compare these results with recommendation of Diabetic Czech Society. To reach this, I used record dairy, where I follow these parameters: eaten food, measured blood glucose value and physical activity for 1 week. For second part of this research I use interview. I try to find out how patients, who live with continuous insulin pump evaluated their current rating habits. From analysed data it is clear that respondents have much less calorie intake than they really need. Despite the fact that most respondents have right food composition forms with recommendation of CDS. Amount of cholesterol in their diet do not exceed daily recommendation about 300 mg per day. On the other hand recommended daily dose offibres 30 grams and in our case respondents received half less. About 11 grams per day. The assessment of interviews shows that the diabetics are satisfied with continuous insulin pump. Thanks to this, they do not have to follow regular regime. They are also able to work in places where the regular regime is not possible. These results can be used as a study material for diabetic people who are treated with continuous insulin pump. Study material could be a leaflet in diabetic clinics.
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Diabetes mellitus-a study of causes and its distribution in the population
Aksamitová, Dagmar ; Vespalcová, Milena (referee) ; Vránová, Dana (advisor)
The Bachelor thesis Diabetes mellitus – study of causes and its distribution in the population in the theoretical part deals with the metabolic disorder diabetes mellitus, the basic division, characteristics, causes, prevention, and compliance regimen for patients with this diagnosis. It also deals with the problems of late specific and non-specific diseases and consequently its treatment. The aim of the study was the work of monitoring the various influences on the development of diabetes mellitus in a population survey of the knowledge and appreciation of a given topic using different sources of information. The practical part is the analysis of the data and their statistical evaluation regarding the development of diabetes type 1 and 2 specific medical facility in a fifteen-year period from 1999 to 2012 with random monitored years.
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Hypoglycaemic conditions requiring rapid arrival of emergency services in South Bohemia
VACKOVÁ, Zuzana
This bachelor thesis deals with the hypoglycaemic states that is not only a complication for diabetes mellitus disease but there are other diseases such as Adisson's disease or congenital hyperinsulinism. Hypoglycaemia can be for some people life endangered state, mainly if the state is not recognized in time or if an effective therapy is not started. The rapid therapy is crucial and should be started within the first speared symptoms to prevent the state get worse. The thesis acquaints the reader with the major gland's anatomy that influences the glycaemia, then the pancreas and its function and its hormones function. The major hormones are insulin and glucagon. The both hormones have the main influence on the controlling of glycaemia in the body. However, they are not the only ones factors that influence the blood sugar level. In various literature sources, the different glycaemia values can be found. That is the reason why it is difficult to define the level of hypoglycaemic stat. The thesis includes several definitions of the hypoglycaemia that differ according to the physiological values mentioned in various sources. An important part of the thesis is the chapter about the clinical symptoms. In the chapter, most sources concur. The clinical symptoms can be varied, sometimes not enough specified. After a few first vegetative symptoms (unrecognized hypoglycaemia syndrome can missed them), disorders of consciousness from the conscious to the coma usually appears. The coma is a state when a patient does not react on the surrounding. The following chapter describes the process of hypoglycaemic diagnoses. The process is described both in health institutions and during the pre-hospital urgent care where the possibilities are restricted. The care is a necessary part of the state. If the patient is conscious and is able to cooperate, some sweet drink and some chocolate are the best opportunity for the first help. The ideal tool that could be used during the light type of hypoglycaemia is Glukopur. Glukopur is the pure powder glucose that helps to the body that do not have to split disaccharides as within the sweet drinks and bars. Another topic is the dangers of hypoglycaemia. The dangers include the development of dementia that is often connected with hypoglycaemic states, the brain's damage or the dangerous of the heart arrhythmia. The most serious danger that can appear is the death. The thesis describes the summary of medicaments that can cause hypoglycaemia. Hypoglycaemia can appear as a child inherited metabolic disorder or as hyperinsulinism. One of the chapters deals with this topic. The quantitative method data collection was used for the practical part of the thesis. The departures of The Emergency medical service in South Bohemian Region to the hypoglycaemic states during the year 2014 were searched. From the whole set of cases eight of them were randomly chosen and were described case interpretations that show the way of the emergency service intervention within the hypoglycaemic states. The case interpretations depict the patient's state before the arrival of the emergency service, the way of treatment and the patient's state after it. The evaluated indication by health operation centre is depicted in the following section. These indications do not have to be identical to real patient's state. One of the aims of the thesis was to map the most common factors of chosen hypoglycaemic states that were measured according to the NACA scale, grades IV.-VI. The data were gotten by the crew of The Emergency medical service in South Bohemian Region. The next one aim was to map the indications of the health operation centre and the following patient´s state according to the NACA scale.
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Analysis of eating seniors with diabetes mellitus II.type
PETRUSOVÁ, Lenka
This thesis deals with the analysis of eating habits of seniors with Diabetes mellitus type 2. Many seniors with Diabetes mellitus type 2 are introduced to a proper diet either through their Doctor or a nutrition therapist. This diabetic diet assists them in maintaining proper blood glucose levels and helps prevent a variety of diabetic complications. Many diabetics, who understand their illness, begin to make changes in their lifestyles that will help them in the future. More thought is put into their lifestyle and how to improve their quality of life. For example, many diabetics become more active, begin to be more diligent with their dietary choices and discover a new meaning of life.
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Insulin Therapy from A Nursing Perspective
JELÍNKOVÁ, Kateřina
Diabetes mellitus is a serious and incurable disease prone to specific complications, known since 1550 BC. Recent international studies have shown that approximately 347 million people suffer from diabetes and the number is still increasing. Diabetes is treated by taking dietary measures; in addition to diet and oral antidiabetic medication, exogenous insulin intake is the ultimate treatment option. It was the exogenous insulin administration in 1922 that brought up a revolution in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Since then safer and user-friendlier insulins have been and still are developed. Insulin is stored in liquid form in vials or cartridges and is only administered intravenously; however, it is assumed that an equally effective application method will be found in the future. The aim of the thesis is to map out the specifics of nursing care of insulin therapy clients and to answer the following research question: ?What are the specific needs of clients with insulin therapy?? ?How is the nurse involved in the education of the client in terms of insulin therapy?? ?Do insulin therapy patients have enough information about diabetes mellitus and insulin therapy?? The thesis consists of a theoretical and research part. The theoretical part deals with information about diabetes mellitus, insulin, insulin therapy and the role of nurses in care of diabetic patients. The research part encompasses an inquiry carried out as an anonymous interview where ten diabetic patients with insulin therapy were asked semi-open and open questions. The acquired data were transformed into case studies and categorization tables. The research questions were answered and the objective was achieved. In conclusion, the research suggests that patients do not have enough information about diabetes and insulin therapy. Specifics of the nursing care of diabetic patients with insulin therapy depends on the patient's needs. Most patients mentioned the need for contact with other diabetic patients. Nurses are involved in the education of patients with insulin therapy primarily as teachers of application and handling the insulin pen. This thesis served as the basis for the creation of an educational material for nurses. This material may prove helpful for nurses as a guide in the process of training diabetic patients to use the insulin pen. Alternatively, it can be used by medical care students as a learning resource.
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The Cost of Therapy Diabetes Mellitus and its late Complications
Hladíková, Eva ; Střítecký, Rudolf (advisor) ; Vomáčková, Alžběta (referee)
This thesis is devoted to one of the most serious diseases of the 21st century. Diabetes mellitus is a disease which affects millions of people around the world. The work is divided into two main units. The first part deals with basic theoretical knowledge about this disease. It deals with the history, classification of diabetes and its treatment. Also deals with the complications associated with diabetes and diabetic educating themselves. The second section provides a practical demonstration run diabetes clinic. The aim of this work is to estimate the cost of treatment of diabetes mellitus I. and II. type and estimated cost of the treatment of late complications of the disease.
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Diabetes mellitus type 1 as a health, nutriotial and social problem for children up to 18 years of age.
FRIDRICHOVSKÁ, Pavlína
Work specifies the problems of children with diabetes mellitus type 1 - of site for health, in nutrition and social problems. The theoretical part is characterized by diabetes mellitus type 1, its causes, symptoms, treatment with diet and takes into account the specific problems arising from this condition for age. The practical part comprises the results of the questionnaire survey, which focuses on the problems of diabetes mellitus type 1 in childhood, and the level of knowledge about diabetes. The survey was performed in 40 families with a child that has been diagnosed with diabetes mellitus type 1. The results showed that diabetes mellitus type 1 affects the lives of families in the area of catering, sports, travel, school teaching, but also the future development of the child itself and its involvement in other activities.
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Selfmonitoring of Type 1 Diabetes mellitus in adolescents
KORELOVÁ, Andrea
Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a chronic, lifelong disease. The younger the patient, the more seriously the disease affects his (her) childhood. The disease brings about a lot of changes, it involves the loss of freedom and independence. Diabetes makes the normal troubles of adolescence even more difficult. Adolescence is a hard stage of life for patients with the type 1 diabetes mellitus because it is a period when the compensation of diabetes is more difficult than in the previous and following stages of life. Regular self-monitoring is one of the crucial tasks. The selfmonitoring is important for the overall compensation of diabetes and also for the clinical results of treatment. Self-monitoring is the process of monitoring and measurement of one´s own glycemia and ketones in blood and sugar and ketones in urine. It enables the diabetic patient a better orientation in the disease and a certain level of independence. Self-monitoring helps parents gain confidence in cure of their children suffering from diabetes. The theoretical part of my thesis deals with the questions of the type 1 diabetes mellitus and the method of self-monitoring. The objective of the practical part was to survey the subjective view of adolescents with the type 1 diabetes mellitus on self-monitoring and the level of their self-reliance. I set hypotheses suggesting that adolescents perceive self-monitoring to be uncomfortable and cannot cope with the procedures independently. These hypotheses were not confirmed in my research. To get relevant data, I used the questionnaire method. I handed out questionnaires to young patients with diabetes aged 13{--}18 years. A letter for patients´ parents asking for their written consent with the research was attached to the questionnaire.
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NUTRITION AND DIET IN PEOPLE WITH DIABETES
NOŽIČKOVÁ, Lenka
Diabetes is a set of related diseases in which the body cannot regulate the amount of sugar glucose in the blood. In a healthy person, the blood glucose level is regulated by several hormones, one of which is insulin. Insulin is produced by the pancreas, a small organ near the stomach that also secretes important enzymes that help in the digestion food. Insulin allows glucose to move from the blood into liver, muscles, and fat cells, where it is used as fuel. People with diabetes either do not produce enough insulin (type 1 diabetes) or cannot use insulin properly (type 2 diabetes), or both. In diabetes, glucose in the blood cannot move into cells, and it stays in the blood. This not only harms the cells that need glucose as fuel, but also harms certain organs and tissues exposed to the high glucose levels.
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New semisynthetic analogs of human insulin
Škarda, Josef ; Barth, T. ; Velek, Jiří ; Barthová, J. ; Ježek, J. ; Huml, K. ; Kašička, V. ; Ubik, K. ; Velková, V. ; Hauzerová, L. ; Nováková, M. ; Klasová, L. ; Zórad, Š.
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