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Studying the behavior of concrete at high temperatures
Čonka, Ladislav ; Sitek,, Libor (referee) ; Bodnárová, Lenka (advisor)
The thesis is focused on the current issues of concrete resistance to high temperatures. The theoretical part has been processed the changes taking place in the individual components of concrete and changes affecting the physical - mechanical properties of concrete and color-changing effects manifesting high. In the experimental part of the load was, carried concrete test samples to a temperature of 400 ° C, 600 ° C and 800 ° C. After the thermal load, has been on test samples tested changes in physico - mechanical properties, especially concrete compressive strength, water absorption but also a visual assessment of the concrete surface
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The provision of fire protection in selected hospitals of the Capital City of Prague.
ČAPEK, Martin
The aim of this work is to map fire safety in selected hospitals in the capital city of Prague. The main aim is to answer whether is the fire protection by the corporate fire brigade unit considering the vastness of the area and the number of beds measurable benefit for the fire safety of medical facility. Custom work is also examined whether the unit is reduced by the presence of the corporate fire brigades in the hospital requirements for fire protection using dedicated kinds of firefighting equipment. Another part of the research is dedicated to the fact whether is the load of the fire rescue service (FRS) of the capital city of Prague reduced by the presence of the corporate fire rescue service in the hospital and thus has to adjust the area coverage? In the first part of the thesis is summary of the regulations in the area of fire prevention. Above the Law on Fire protection and the Ministry of Interior Decree on fire prevention. There are described in detail obligations of legal entities and individuals, competence and training of fire protection. From the perspective of repression is described by the distribution of fire protection units, and also their rights and obligations. For purposes of this thesis is defined by the fire and method of propagation of fire. This will take the necessary measures to prevent its spread. Solution is also the fire safety of buildings according to the CSN 73 0802 Fire protection of buildings - nonproductive objects. Specifically resistance of structures and the use of fire safety equipment. It is important to define the hospital as a medical facility and its basic characteristics and distribution. They are described in detail in terms of medical facilities and fire safety through technical standard CSN 73 0835 Fire safety of buildings - Buildings for health care facilities. Rated objects are the Motol University Hospital, the University Hospital of Royal Vinohrady and Thomayer Hospital, all with headquarters in Prague. The main criteria for the selection of the hospital's number of beds, number of patients treated and the site area. Another criterion is the number of employees and the difficult conditions for intervention. At first, the comparison parameters hospitals for fire prevention, such as the number of professionally qualified persons, the number of trainees, preventive fire patrols. In the Motol University Hospital are installed sprinkler system and a special spraying equipment and also there is an entity of its own corporate fire rescue brigade. The next section analyzes the number of incidents in each hospital complexes or the number of fires. We found a relatively large number of fires in the Motol University Hospital. And with an average of 5.7 fires per year in the past decade, compared to 0.3 fires in the Thomayer Hospital and 1.0 of fire in the University Hospital of Royal Vinohrady. Space is analyzed with the most complex variant of fire, especially the requirements for forces and resources. The results are compared to their inclusion in areal coverage depending on the degree of danger cadastral municipality. In all three cases, these conditions suit. The result of the research is that the selected areas of hospitals in the capital city of Prague in terms of fire protection are at a very high level. Whereas there is the unit with its own fire protection or not. Its presence is a matter of fire protection concepts during the design of the hospital complex. Establishment of fire protection units in hospitals, where it currently is, would only increase the comfort of visitors and hospital patients on the one hand and financial wastage on the other. Functioning FRS in the Motol University Hospital is an objective benefit for the fire safety of the hospital complex. Analyses of the current state of the recommendation by the FRS of the capital of Prague conduct more tactical exercises, mainly in the hospital where they have their own fire protection unit.
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Search for harmony in artistic expression
BOUDOVÁ, Julie
The aim of this paper is cognition of eastern art feng-shui, selecting specific part and its subsequent putting into practise at Elementary Art School. It deals with "Theory of the five elements", which includes fire, earth, metal, water and wood. The theoretical part describes the theory of feng-shui and short history of eastern art, foundations of art education and different kinds of art creation, mainly spatial and action creation. The practise part is a note of teaching at Elementary Art School and presentation this topic into the school practise.
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Evaluation of the fire safety in the rack storage in Vysočina Region
SUK, Martin
The aim of this Bachelor's thesis titled Evaluation of Fire Safety of Rack Warehouses in Region Vysočina is to evaluate the protection of rack warehouses in region Vysočina, compare the existing situation with legislation and technical regulations, and draft measures for successful suppression of fire in a rack warehouse for a firefighting crew commander. The thesis is divided into two main parts, the theoretical part and the effective part. This thesis also contains another part, where there were outlined two research questions and introduced the research methodology, which describes the procedure of obtaining results. In the theoretical part, there is a brief outline of the history of storage and its development. There are also explained main terms related to warehouses and storage, and there is also mentioned the basic division of warehouses. Furthermore, there is also described the burning process, course of fire and its particular stages. Last chapters of the theoretical part are dedicated to fire safety and applicable regulations, description and function of fire safety equipment, that are installed in warehouses chosen for assessment. Warehouses assessed in this work were selected intentionally and according to predetermined criteria, like for example rack storage of material, area, height and installed fire safety protection equipment. In this thesis, there can be found elaboration of the assessment of five rack warehouses in region Vysočina, which meet the conditions mentioned above, and which also provided detailed information. Results of this research are divided into two parts, when each part brought an answer to one important question. In the first part, there are stated results of guided interviews with professionals in the field of warehouse design, which provided answers to one of the research questions, and that was whether rack warehouses in region Vysočina were protected against occurance of fire in accordance with valid legislation and technical regulations. This comparison simultaneously represented one of the aims of this thesis. After the evaluation of obtained information, we can say that the researched warehouses are protected against the occurance of fire with the sufficient and appropriate means, and we can even consider some fire safety elements to be oversized. While processing guided interviews with commanders and chiefs of the squads located at firefighting brigade stations in region Vysočina, it was possible to answer the second research question outlined in the resulting effective part of this Bachelor's thesis. According to the results of the research, the firefighting brigade chiefs do not have enough information from warehouse owners to fight the fire successfully. From 24 interviewed crew commanders and chiefs, 15 consider provided information insufficient. As a complication while fighting the fire, they mention confusing state of operational cards, and also the fact the the information stated in these cards are not adjusted regularly. In the case of fire emergency, in a very short time, the firefighting brigade has to orientate in a large amount of information that are not stated in the operational card. This card is very voluminous and becomes confusing. While firefighting, the presence of the contact person is always important. On the basis of all information obtained during guided interviews with crew commanders and chiefs, there was created a methodological tool, so one of the objectives of this thesis, to help the crew commanders to make firefighting easier, was fulfilled. This tool will be offered to complete the firefighting documentation for the fire brigade stations in the region that cooperated during the process of obtaining data for this Bachelor's thesis. In this methodological tool, there is implemented a brief and synoptical list of all information that are, on the basis of the research, crucial for crew commander's decision making while firefighting.
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Study of the properties of fillers to the composites requiring high temperature resistance
Vovesný, Václav ; Gross,, Tomáš (referee) ; Bydžovský, Jiří (advisor)
The diploma thesis is focused on the behaviour of natural and synthetic aggregates and their behaviour in polymer – cement composites, while being exposed to high temperature. The processes, happening in aggregates and mortar under the thermal load, were described in the theoretical part of the thesis same as the testing of heat effects on the aggregates and mortar. Further, the influence of high temperature on each component of concrete was described, followed by the suggestion of the appropriate components for concrete exposed to high temperature. Various aggregates were tested in the experimental part of the thesis. The basic physical and mechanical properties of aggregates were examined same as their mineralogical composition with using XRD, DTA and SEM methods. At the mortar, the influence of high temperature on the concrete density, compressive strength and tensile strength was defined. The gained knowledge was evaluated in the final part of the thesis
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Smoke and Fire Detection in Video Sequences
Tomek, Peter ; Štancl, Vít (referee) ; Švub, Miroslav (advisor)
This thesis aims to analyse a videosignal given in input and find segments that contains fire or smoke. The problem is divided into two cases-detection of fire and detection of smoke. The first and main step of analysation is detection of segments by Gaussian mixture model that is trained by Expectation-Maximization algorithm, or shortly EM algorithm. For smoke detection is than used method of optical flow. The final segments are than processed by some morphological methods and determination of their position is made. Finally, the output of algorithm is again a videosignal in which segments that probably contains fire or smoke are highlighted.
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Valuation of total damage to a house caused by fire
Hornychová, Michaela ; Nykodýmová, Veronika (referee) ; Šmahel, Milan (advisor)
The aim of the Thesis is to determine the amount of indemnity for the total damage caused of the wooden detached house caused by fire, find out the costs of bringing the property to its original state and evaluate the price of the original and after an insured event the newly established building. The theoretical part is devoted to the basic concepts and methods in the field of real estate valuation and insurance and the liquidation of insurance events. On the introduction and theoretical part is followed by a practical part in which I apply the theoretical information on the real, by fire stricken the wooden family house, I approach the location and describe the building technical condition before and after the occurrence of the insured event. I find a new price of the real estate at the time of approval, the current price before and after the occurrence of the insured event and the new price of an identical family house without the structures which have been preserved and have not been damaged by the fire or fire-fighters. At the conclusion of the Thesis is the insured value of the building after repair of damage compared with the insured value just before the occurrence of the insured event.
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Diagnostic properties of concrete exposed to high temperatures
Hudský, Petr ; Sitek,, Libor (referee) ; Bodnárová, Lenka (advisor)
This master’s thesis studies the problems of high temperatures on cement concretes, their following diagnostics from pre-treatment to rehabilitation, the emphasis was on the use of high-speed water jet. In the experimental part of the design of a concrete composition with basalt aggregate. Were reviewed the physico-mechanical properties after thermal loading. The influence of pressure water jet on the thermal load on concrete, pull-off test, the volume of the removed concrete with a strength evaluation and comparison.
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Structural Analysis of Steel Members in Fire
Runštuková, Monika ; Kytýr, Jiří (referee) ; Gratza, Roman (advisor)
This thesis deals with solution of steel members under fire conditions. The goal of the thesis is to examine and compare unprotected steel members with steel members protected by different types of passive protection. Calculation is performed according to applicable design standards. ANSYS software is used for thermal and structural analysis.
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