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Adaptation process in Intensive Care Units from the point of view of general nurses
ŠUBRTOVÁ, Tereza
The aim of this diploma thesis is to introduce the intensive care unit, the adaptation process and the analysis of the adaptation process in intensive care units. The theoretical part of the thesis describes intensive care in general, including the history, employee structures, division of the providing care, the national register of intensive care, the education of nurses, or the equipment of such a workplace. Furthermore, the adaptation process is described, which is the main topic of this work. It is described along with its types, phases, course in health care and methodological instructions. Coaching, mentoring, communication and, motivation, which are also an important part of the adaptation process, are introduced as well. The research part is realized in the form of semi-structured interviews with respondents working in intensive care as trainers who are involved in the training of new employees in the adaptation process and with employees who have completed the training. Based on the data obtained from the informants involved in the research survey, the categorization of the data was done, in which the results are described in detail. The thesis presents the views of nurses on the adaptation process taking place in their workplace. It also points out the deficiencies and areas that need to be given increased attention in the adaptation process. These are the areas of communication and continuous evaluation of the adaptation process, documentation and teaching materials, the area of the necessary time and space for training, motivation in the adaptation process and also the area of the team's influence on the new employee, and so, on the whole adaptation process.
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Use of nursing competencies in surgical department
HARAZINOVÁ, Lucie
The aim of my bachelor thesis is to map the work of nurses in the surgical department. For a comprehensive view, attention is paid to the standard inpatient department, surgical intensive care unit and surgical outpatient clinic. Determining the specifics of the work of nurses in these components was defined as the second goal. To meet the goals, 3 main research questions were set: "What is the role of a nurse in the surgical department?", "What are the specifics of work in individual departments?" and "What is the continuity of care between departments?". Due to the diversity of surgical components, the theoretical part of my work specifies their spatial arrangements and equipment, describes the expected condition of patients, the role of the nurse and other aspects. It also discusses the history of surgery as a field. The research group consists of a total of 19 informants, of which 8 informants working in the standard surgical department, 6 informants from the surgical intensive care unit and 5 informants from the surgical outpatient clinic. The results show that the addressed informants generally perceive their role as part of their job position and in the provision of nursing care. The specifics of the standard ward are described by nurses from its septic part in the more difficult state of health of patients, other informants mention the diversity of diagnoses or concern for a higher number of patients. Informants from the intensive care unit agree on the increased need for patient monitoring. The informants from the surgical outpatient clinic mainly take care of patients with acute problems, while the outpatient clinic is usually their first point of contact with a medical facility. The output of this work is a professional article providing information for medical staff and students of medical disciplines.
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Intensive care unit air conditioning
Dobrovolná, Natálie ; Uher, Pavel (referee) ; Rubina, Aleš (advisor)
The bachelor's thesis deals with the ventilation system serving hospital premises. The system is divided into two separate functional units. Facility No. 1 serves the ICU (Intensive Care Unit) department and its associated premises. Facility No. 2 serves the facilities of employees, doctors' rooms and associated premises. The design of the equipment meets the relevant standards, hygiene standards and operational requirements. The calculation part deals with the design of air conditioning in the ICU, it deals with the overall analysis of both functional units, heat gains, heat loss, air flows, pressure drops in both functional units and other proposals necessary for the design and proper operation of the air conditioning system. This part is also focused on the distribution and treatment of fresh air. The theoretical part deals with clean rooms, their definition and distribution of air supplied to these rooms. The theoretical part also deals with the installation of operating theaters, images of flow in these areas and their internal microclimate.
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Thrombophilia and thrombotic complications in severe septic patients
Zenáhlíková, Zuzana ; Kvasnička, Jan (advisor) ; Maruna, Pavel (referee) ; Malý, Jaroslav (referee)
Introduction: Thrombotic events are among the most serious complications of sepsis and also the most frequent causes of morbidity and mortality in patients with sepsis. Currently, the administration of low molecular weight heparins (LMWH) is recommended in patients with severe sepsis for prophylaxis of these complications. However, this prophylaxis often fails. Objectives of the study: One of the objectives of our study was to examine changes in haemostasis in relation to the inflammatory response during 15 days of severe sepsis. The next objective was to determine whether a prophylactic inhibition of F Xa in the range from 0.2 to 0.4 IU/mL is achieved in these patients, if they receive the recommended prophylaxis with LMWH. We also recorded the dynamics of changes in the F Xa inhibition during the entire study period. Moreover, we tried to identify the factors that may affect the antithrombotic efficacy of the subcutaneously administered enoxaparin. Patient population and methods: A total of 35 ICU patients meeting the criteria of severe sepsis were enrolled in the study. Only 16 of these patients could be followed throughout the entire 15-day period. Patients were treated according to the current guidelines, including LMWH prophylaxis; enoxaparin (40 mg sc per day) was used in this study....
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Nursing diagnosis in intenzive care units
Bartošová, Simona ; Strnadová, Alice (advisor) ; Marunová, Alice (referee)
v AJ: This diploma thesis deals with the field of nursing diagnosis in internal intensive care units. The theoretical part describes the basics of the nursing process and mainly focuses on the nursing diagnosis. Subsequently, it informs the reader about history, development and structure of the NANDA Taxonomy II. The main part of the thesis consists of a quantitative survey which aims at general nurses' knowledge about the nursing diagnosis NANDA - International. It also comments on how nursing diagnoses are made and what opinion general nurses have about making nursing diagnosis and NANDA taxonomy II. Finally, it provides the reader with overview of nursing diagnoses that general nurses often come across in intensive care units. And these diagnoses create uniform file according to the NANDA Taxonomy I I. Klíčová slova v AJ: Nursing diagnosis, nursing process, nursing diagnoses, NANDA- International, intenzive care unit
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Return to Life after a Post Intensive Care Syndrom Resulting from an Acute Kidney Injury Treatment
Sirmaiová, Anna ; Aboši, Alexander (advisor) ; Pucholtová, Romana (referee)
Introduction to the issue: Stay in an intensive care unit or anaesthesiology and resuscitation department has a demonstrable effect on the quality of life, whether mental, physical, or mental. A large percentage of patients experience post intensive care syndrome. The huge challenge for nursing care is to reduce this percentage and enable patients to recover in the best possible way and return to normal life of the same quality as before the hospitalization Methodology: The aim of this work is to find out how the quality of life of patients is affected after hospitalization in the intensive care unit or anaesthesiology and resuscitation department, with a proportion of acute renal failure and the need for continuous renal replacement. First, patients were evaluated with APACHE II score, SOFA and TISS 2. Next, questionnaires in which they responded to the period before hospitalization (SF 36, DEMMI, ADL, IADL) were filled, when released from ARO they went through the test of physical capability, (30s sit-up test, 6-minute walk test), further measurements when released from ICU took place (HADS, MAF, DEMMI, ADL, 30s sit-p test, 6-minute walk test), and after three months (SF 36, HADS, MAF, DEMMI, IADL, ADL 30s sit-up test, 6-minute walk test and a week of wearing a Garmin vivofit bracelet). Main...
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The concept of missing nursing care at the department of intensive medicine
Šťastná, Michaela ; Vaňková, Milena (advisor) ; Dynáková, Šárka (referee)
The concept of a missing nursing care in a nursing practice is a phenomenon that could endanger patients' safety in all cultures. This global deficit of a superior and comprehensive nursing care occurs in various departments of healthcare facilities. The theoretical part of this thesis deals with problematic aspects of the concept of a missing nursing care based on theoretical findings. Furthemore it summarises strategies used for ensuring that quality, safety and kompetence in a nursing care is met in relation to latest findings and the legislation. The research part presents outcomes of a conducted qualitative survey research focusing on nurses working in an Intensive Care Unit where a nursing care is directed towards the population of adult patients. Research Metodology: The data collection in the study is based on a semi-structured interview conducted on an actively working group of nine Intensive Care Unit nurses. Aim of the Study: The main objective of the thesis is to describe and analyse problematic aspects of the concept of a missing nursing care in an Intensive Care Unit, as well as to identify factors that affect occurrence of the given concept limited to the nursing staff in the Intensive Care Units. Research Results: The study analyses six categories in total, of which five categories...
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Nursing care for neurological patients in intensive care units
HRICOVÁ, Kristina
This bachelor thesis deals with problematics of nursing care of neurologically ill patients in intensive care. It´s main objective was to map specifics of nursing care of neurologically ills in Intensive Care Unit. The secondary objective was to find out, how the Intensive Care Unit personal mantains principles of neurologically ill pacients careTo accomplish determinated goals, following research questions were set up: What are the specifics of nursing care of neurologically ill patients in intensive care? How nurses working in Intensive Care Unit, mantain principles of neurogically ill patients care? From a range of neurological diseases, this bachelor thesis focus on strokes in intensive care. Teoretical part deals with different kinds of strokes, their etologie, clinical symptoms, possibility of diagnostic and therapy. Also specifics of nursing care in individual areas. To carry out the research, the method of quantitative research was choosen. Data collection was done by technic of hidden observation and semi-structured interview. Method Pencil - Paper was used to analyse results. Processing researched finding, both research questions were answered. Despite minor shortcomings, mainly of systemic caracter, results of the research are showing great quality of nursing care, provided to patients with neurological diseaseses in observed Intensive Care Unit. It was found out, the most specific area of stroke patient care is nutrition - for reason of dysfagie - and also positioning and rehabilitation. Nurses pointed out, one of the biggest risk of this care is pressure instability and possible lost of conscience. Nurse in Intensive Care Unit must know, how to respond properly and immediately to this situation. The thesis offers complete overview of the nurse care of neurologically ill patients in intensive care and provides recommendation in problematic areas of nurse care.
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Nursing care for a child with heart disease at the intensive care unit
SMEJKALOVÁ, Jitka
Children heart diseases can be divided into congenital and acquired heart defects. The acquired heart defects can be further divided into acquired heart defects, heart rhythm disorders, including hypertension, inflammatory heart diseases and heart failure. Children heart diseases can occur at any age, even if it is a congenital heart defect that is less severe. The goal of this thesis was to find out the specifics of nursing care of children with heart diseases who are hospitalized at ICU and to find out the most common nursing diagnoses according to NANDA II taxonomy, and their treatment in case of children with heart diseases who are hospitalized at ICU. During the realization of the research part, a qualitative research survey was conducted using semi-structured interviews with the nurses, participant observation and the method of content analysis, which provide a more complex view of the composition of the children with heart disease hospitalized at ICU. The interviews were conducted with the nurses at the children's ICU, where the participant observation and the method of content analysis took place as well. The results of the research show that nursing care differs in the case of cardiologic disordered children and otherwise disordered children in some areas, as well as the needs. In the research part it was found out what the most frequent nursing interventions in case of these children are and how much they differ from the interventions of children with other diseases, who are also hospitalized at ICU. Furthermore, the research shows that nurses have a negative opinion on nursing diagnoses, although they are used in the documentation. This was found not only in the semi-structured interviews with the nurses, but also during the participated observation and the content analysis of the documentation. The research also revealed that some nursing diagnoses are specific to cardiologic disordered children, but, for example, the nursing diagnosis of the risk of infection associated with invasive entry is used in case of all children hospitalized at ICU. The diploma thesis should inform nurses about nursing care in case of children with heart disease hospitalized at ICU.
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Nursing care for a child with heart disease at the intensive care unit
SMEJKALOVÁ, Jitka
Children heart diseases can be divided into congenital and acquired heart defects. The acquired heart defects can be further divided into acquired heart defects, heart rhythm disorders, including hypertension, inflammatory heart diseases and heart failure. Children heart diseases can occur at any age, even if it is a congenital heart defect that is less severe. The diploma thesis should bring nurses closer to the problems of nursing care of children with heart diseases hospitalized at the ICU. The goal of this thesis was to find out the specifics of nursing care of children with heart diseases who are hospitalized at the ICU and to find out the most common nursing diagnoses according to NANDA II taxonomy, and their treatment in case of children with heart diseases who are hospitalized at the ICU. During the realization of the research part, a qualitative research survey was used using semi-structured interviews with the nurses involved in the observation. And a summarization that provides a more comprehensive view of the composition of children with heart diseases hospitalized at the ICU. The interviews were conducted with the nurses at the children's ICU, where the participant observation took place as well. In the research section the most common nursing interventions in case of these children were described and how much they differ from interventions in case of children with other illnesses that are also hospitalized at the ICU. Further, we have also found out the most common nursing diagnoses of children with heart diseases hospitalized at the ICU.
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