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Social and cultural interpretations of photography
Makovcová, Hana ; Balon, Jan (advisor) ; Kotík, Michal (referee)
The bachelor's paper Social and Cultural Interpretation of Photography is concerned with social aspects of photography, primarily the way photographs are read, their relation to the social sciences, and the transformation of their functions, from their development to the present time, primarily in relation to the individual concept of the photograph. The text briefly outlines the definition of a photograph as a technical image and the related act of photography, and introduces us to the possibilities of its social examination through visual sociology via visual social facts. It shows photography to be a form of social ritual, a tool for preserving the present and a confirmation of an event, as well as a means of power. It presents the impact of technical reproduction on the mass dissemination of images and the related changes in the relationship to images. It shows the transformation of analogue photographs archived in family albums as a means of preserving family memory and biography, to digital photography that assumes a new role of self-presentation, primarily thanks to the new way of archiving in the virtual environment of social networks, thereby presenting a related theory of individualization.
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Ethnographic and Folcloric Aspects in the Work of František Ladislav Sál
Tomášová, Jana ; Štěpánová, Irena (advisor) ; Tomandl, Miloš (referee)
This bachelor thesis is focused on the Eastern Bohemia figure of a regional significance - František Ladislav Sál (1867-1941). The aim of the thesis is to depict him as a representative of the generation of educated teachers - patriotic activists who had the amateur interest in ethnology and folklore studies. The opening section of the thesis introduces both his personal life and career. The reconstruction of these is based on the study of his archive heritage. Subsequent chapter deals with wider cultural-historical context with the emphasis on the history of pedagogy and ethnology. The principle focus of the thesis is the survey of Sál's educational and pedagogical papers in which he plentifully dealt with ethnographical material (such as fairy-tales, legends and children's folklore) by means of which he taught homeland study at primary schools.
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Sexual education through the eyes of two generations
Kothajová, Martina ; Sloboda, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Štípková, Martina (referee)
The bachelor thesis deals with the problems of sex education in a family and at school. In a theoretical part in introduces a definition of sex education and historical development in the Czech Republic since 1948 and further discusses its subject, methods, goals and obstacles of sex education in the institutions mentioned above. In the empirical part it presents a view of my communication partners representing two generations on the definition of sex education, the process of their own sex education and the idea of an ideal process of sex education in light of age and the depth of provided information. The research shows that they by the term sex education they understand especially those aspects that are related to one's sex life, e. g. organs of reproduction, contraception, sexual adolescence and pregnancy. According to the communication partners, the first information about sex education mediates especially school, but in an ideal case, it should be the family. That indicates the differences between the real process of sex education and the ideal case, which is also mentioned by the specialists. Even though there are still some imperfections in sex education both in a family and at school, a positive shift toward incorporation of sex education into a family environment can be seen.
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Sports career biography of Imrich Bugar
Matěcha, Miroslav ; Kaplan, Aleš (advisor) ; Jebavý, Radim (referee)
Title: Sports career biography of Imrich Bugár Objectives: The main aim of this paper is to evaluate and present a twenty-year long sports career of discus-thrower Imrich Bugár by the means of content analysis of newspaper articles published in the journal Czechoslovakian sport. Methods: Biographic research was used as one kind of a case study. The paper is divided into three main parts. The first part is concerned with the summary of all newspaper articles written during Bugár's sports career. I have statistically categorized the articles according to the criteria stated by Jan Volf in his diploma paper of 2007. The second part of the paper is concerned with information gained from Imrich Bugár personally, during a conducted interview. The third part shows a summary of Bugár's best achievements. Results: Based on the accessible materials, I have described and evaluated the sports career of Imrich Bugár. In total, I have evaluated n = 348 articles concerned with his sports career. The next part presents a commented evaluation of the conducted interview with Imrich Bugár. When categorization of the articles is taken into account, most articles about the course of Bugár's career are of an informative character and describe his participation in competitions. Imrich Bugár participated in n = 433...
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Jiří Pichl-journalist and politician (1872-1952)
Kabátová, Veronika ; Köpplová, Barbara (advisor) ; Sekera, Martin (referee)
This thesis represents the first complete biography of Jiří Pichl, a journalist and politician who was born in 1872 in Česká Třebová. Pichl started writing for a regional newspaper after finishing high school, in the times of progressive movement that was calling for a change in the status of Czech lands within the Austrian-Hungarian Empire, and expansion of voting rights. In the beginning of the 20th century he became the reporter in charge with a Czech National Social Party newspaper in Prague. He was also working with several papers published by the Melantrich publishing house. His journalism career peeked when he became a chair of the Czechoslovak Journalists Syndicate where he achieved pension insurance for journalists. During the First Republic, Pichl also started his political career. He became the first mayor of Královské (Royal) Vinohrady after the political overturn. Later he also became a senator of the National Assembly. As a politician he was also looking after the interests of journalists. He was very vocal in calling for a new press law. For many years, he was also a chair of the Central Workers' School. He lost all of his functions during the World War II as he never collaborated with the Nazi regime. The media at the time were celebrating Jiří Pichl. He was portrayed as friendly,...
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Concept of basal stimulation in seniors with utilization of psycho-biographical model of care of Erwin Böhm.
HUBÁČKOVÁ, Lenka
Basal stimulation is a pedagogical and nursing concept supporting development in people with short-term or long-term limitations of perception, communication and movement. Within the concept of basal stimulation, nursing care is structured so as to support preserved abilities of an elderly patient. The aim of basal stimulation is to understand the needs of an elderly patient, adapt to his/her communication style, give him/her space for orientation and development of his/her personality. The model assumes work with biography, which is the cornerstone of psychobiographical care model. The model is a great asset for nursing care, especially its positive effect on the actual elderly patient since the model sees him/her as a person with one's own biography.The aim of the study was to determine how Erwin Böhm's psychobiographical care model is used within the concept of basal stimulation. Another aim was to find out whether nurses actively work with Erwin Böhm's psychobiographical care model and how nurses can take medical history according to Erwin Böhm's psychobiographical care model. Furthermore, the following research questions were posed: How can nurses work with Erwin Böhm's psychobiographical care model? How do nurses take medical history from patients according to Erwin Böhm's psychobiographical care model? How is the concept of basal stimulation used in homes for the elderly?Qualitative research using the in-depth interview method was used in order to carry out the research part. All interviews were recorded on a tape recorder and then transcribed verbatim without linguistic adjustments. The research was conducted in homes for the elderly of Saint Zdislava and Saint Anne. Subsequently, transcribed interviews were processed by open coding technique, using the paper and pencil method. Individual categories and subcategories were created based on the generated codes. In total, 8 categories were indentified. Everything is shown in clear diagrams for each category.The research shows that the respondents have very good knowledge of and experience with the concept of basal stimulation. An interesting finding was that the respondents can apply the concept of basal stimulation in nursing care very well and can themselves choose appropriate techniques of basal stimulation. The results were not so surprising for Erwin Böhm's psychobiographical care model. The respondents have limited information about and experience with this model. The research also shows that the respondents take biographical anamnesis well and can work with it. All respondents agreed that the collection of biographical anamnesis is one of the most important aspects in biography.The research shows that the respondents have general knowledge of basal stimulation and biographical anamnesis. On the other hand, the respondents lack experience with Erwin Böhm's psychobiographical care model. Given the lack of literature about Erwin Böhm's psychobiographical care model, the output of this Bachelor's thesis will be a brochure on Erwin Böhm's psychobiographical care model. The brochure should provide nurses with sufficient information about.
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Vladimir Putin - Russian President and Politician
VÁLEČKOVÁ, Sonia
The aim of my Bachelor´s thesis is to describe the life of the sitting Russian president and politician Vladimir Putin. The beginning of the thesis concentrates on the period from Putin´s birth to the beginning of his career as a president. There are noticed his initial problems in school in this part as well as his decision about the future and his determination and stamina ensuring his numerous professional advancements. In the second part I concentrate on the results of his government in Russia. These results are divided into two contrary groups. On one hand, there are negative machinations practiced by the Kremlin. One of the main themes in this part is the murder of Anna Politkovska and unexplained death of Alexander Litvinenko. On the other hand there are mainly economic successes which raised the standard of living of the Russian population. At the end of the work, I present my opinions on problems between the United States of America and the Russian Federation supported by several articles. This thesis includes photos of Vladimir Putin.
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UTILIZATION OF CLIENTŚ BIOGRAPHY IN THE INDIVIDUAL PLANNING OF SOCIAL SERVICE
LANGOVÁ, Jana
This work is focused on the topic of "The use of Biography in the individual client planning", IE.on the individual planning of social services and the use of one of the models of care. The aim of this work is to determine how biography reflects the user's individual objectives in fulfilling the social services. Individual planning in social services is based on the Act 108/2006 Coll., on social services. This is the individualising care so that adequate support and assistance, which the client needs. One of the options, how to improve the work with the client, to make better use of the information obtained when the individual planning and provision of social services and improve the quality of care, is working with biographies. Working with biographies of the client is being used in the framework of the Psychobiographical model of care of Professor Erwin Bőhm. A great benefit is mainly for the client itself, which in this model is perceived primarily as a man and his biographical history. I opted for fulfilling the objectives of the qualitative form of research. For the purposes of the research method was chosen for an in-depth interview. Of each species was selected halfstructured the type of interview. The talks were questions divided into two circuits. The first concerned the daily activities and habits of communication partners in their natural environment. At home. The second circuit issues was focused, but he was similarly focused on the present, IE. daily activities and habits in the DSP. Evaluation of the obtained data was carried out using the method of creating clumps. As another method I used content analysis, which is the subject of the documents were used in the House welfare Kralovice, p.o. Provider social services allowed me to see and draw data for analysis of the documentation (biographical notes, plans, individual care plans and quality standards and methodology), promotional materials and brochures and Web pages. Sample to be analysed, with 8 of the communication partners has been selected by the deliberate selection and consisted of users of social services in the House welfare Kralovice, p.o. Carried out interviews and document analysis revealed that the biographical approach in the analysis device is screened throughout the care for the elderly. Workers using the biographical approach, utilizing the client, be prepared for a biography of the clients individual plans and plans of care. The results show that the biographical approach applied for clients as a natural activity, as part of the normal day to day care. But at the same time is part of the other (leisure) activities, to which the workers are preparing in advance and which, following on the biography created and adapted to the needs, capabilities and objectives of the user. Working with biographies of the client helps make individual care plans, reflected the specific needs and wishes of the individual. He gets more space for its autonomy, the need to maintain the ability to lead a life according to their own rules.The client has the option to say, is activated and re-activated, kept to himself, is motivated by activities, implemented into the daily schedule, in the planning of care is employed in accordance with the wishes and needs and according to the biography. On the basis of the data it can be concluded that the use of Biography in the practice, you can change the access and the way in which care provided, as well as to development provided by social services. For more helpful biography can be found in the improvement of the life of the user in the residential institutions of social services. Last but not least working with biographies seems like creative work for the staff. From established facts, it is evident that the information from the biography are very well usable and applicable to individual planning.The objective of the work was filled with and research questions are answered.
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Dying and death in the conception of Elisabeth Kübler-Ross
TOTHOVÁ, Eva
This work is focused on dying and exitus in understanding of Elisabeth Kübler-Ross. How did this unique woman feel the end of life, what was the sense and the main contens of her life. Elisabeth Kübler-Ross gave most of her life to help incurables people, their families and friends. During her work she described and defined five periods of confirmed illneses´ incidence. She was exemplary hearer, friend, every patient was her master. She felt a possibility to be with deathwards, to listen and help them as a spirit of her life. She described three periods of exitus. She wanted to tell to all people her message by means of her work.
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Activation of the elderly as part of nursing care
HÁNOVÁ, Jana
Activation of elderly people as a part of the nursing care The activation is the process through which people, individuals or groups are stimulated to be active. The activation should be as natural as possible, and should copy routines of daily life as much as possible. The activation of the elderly people is a part of the prevention of the occurrence of diseases, accidents and injuries and the maintenance of functional capacity and self-care ability. Nursing activation care is the care which supports self-care ability of an elderly person and is characterized by the fact that this care gets the elderly person and his or her family to cooperate. A part of daily work of the nurse is to assess the level of self-care of the elderly person and to set up a nursing care plan. The nurses working with the elderly people shall embrace learning in this field as a lifelong process and shall be applying the acquired knowledge in their work. The objective of this study was to find out whether the nurses are looking for the areas to activate the elderly people and to discover whether the nurses include the activation into their nursing plans of the care for the elderly people. The study sets an objective to map how the nurses perceive the activation and what ways of the activation they know and apply. The last objective was to identify the way the professor Böhm´s model is applied in practice. All data were acquired by means of a qualitative research, and the interviews were conducted with the nurses and the elderly, namely in the long-term care unit and in the home for elderly people. The research revealed how the data are acquired from the elderly and how they are integrated into the nursing plans. The study also identified the ways of the activation of the elderly, the nurses focus on physical and physical activation of the elderly. Generally, the nurses perceive the activation very positively, and despite difficulties such as shortage of staff and time, they implement the activation in different quality. The research also detected that the Böhm´s model is applied minimally, and the nurses have not met with this model yet. The results of the study can be used by the management personnel, but also by the nurses who work with the elderly people directly. The nurses working with the elderly shall concentrate on specifics of the care for the elderly people within their lifelong learning. The management personnel shall lead to an individual approach to each elderly person because this is the way how to provide good quality care.
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