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Analysis method of securing the evacuation of people from emergency planning zone of nuclear power plant Temelin
STARÁ, Andrea
The thesis deals with the solution to evacuation of the population from the zone of emergency planning of the nuclear power station Temelín in the event of an incident connected with the release of radioactive substances . It analyzes the way of evacuation of the persons, as one of the most important safety measures to ensure protection of the population. In particular, the work focuses on the correct procedures in the case of realization of the evacuation and competence of the persons involved in safety measures. It lists the basic criteria which are applied in protection of the population from the effects of ionizing radiation in vicinity of nuclear power plants. It proposes improving of quality of security protection and information of persons in the zone of emergency planning. The work is based on valid law regulations and special publications of the examined problems. The predominantly part is based on the laws in force, and expertise of publications covering the evacuation of the area.It refers to the external emergency plan, as the basic document for the planning of measures for the disposal of the consequences of radiation accidents or radiation accidents and the limitation of their consequences for the zone of emergency planning. The theoretical part proceeeds from analysis of contemporary legislation concerning the stated problematics, presents the general characteristics of a nuclear device and zone of emergency planning, defining the basic concepts and discusses the important measures in addressing emergencies arising in connection with radiation accidents in nuclear power plant. The work puts emphasis on the principle of correct behaviour of the population in the event of such an accident. For the processing of the thesis there has been used an exploration method, which is based on the proposed methodology. On the base of analysis of survey, possible ways of improvement of this branch were suggested. From the collected data there have been assessed possible system measures of evacuation with regard to their application in practice.
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Planning documentation community focused on crisis management and protection of the population
ŠVORC, Jaroslav
The diploma thesis is divided into three parts. The first part presents a current situation in South Bohemia describing in detail the community planning documentation. It also attends to local crisis management and protection of the population and its partial activities. In last chapter of the first part I describe integrated rescue system with particular focus on its one of basic elements, The Fire Rescue Service of the Czech Republic. The second part of the thesis concerns research that by means of charts and graphs provides particular results of the questionnaire filled out by managers of the constructions department, department of regional development and by workers of south-bohemian municipal workplaces with extended activities oriented on crisis management. The research is then followed by short empirical statistics. The thesis conclusion shows that the community planning documentation focused on crisis management and protection of the population is processed within the range that can be considered as satisfactory.
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All-round indemnity of the evacuation
JAREŠOVÁ, Věra
This graduation thesis has primary target in faithful imagine of basic evacuation steps within all-around idemnity of her ensuring. Today{\crq}s, this topic rise to important theme and we can tell that if is evacuation correct provided than it means the most effective instrument of people safety and create the files of differents measurement as well. Together build one entity of very complicated planning and providing procedures in their individual steps. The document is dividing to fourth sections. First include actual stage and law procedures of evacuation process within Czech Republic area. Second section is devote to 3 evacuation types, namely floods, chemical disaster following by outflow of chemical materials and fires. These are completed by example of flood due to weit disruption. On the base of victims testimony and research by auxiliary investigation with people are discuss closely some answers to basic questions concerning to evacuation. Finaly is described severally steps and subprocesses of evacuation secure. Additional value of this document is in basic information disclosure for readers questions with effort to inform society. Effective and flexible comunication is main and key point of success.
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Awereness of Public Warning System and Attitudes and Behavior after the Warning.
KOZÁK, Marek
In my thesis I focused on the level of public knowledge in the field of protection of general population, because I wanted to identify the current state and to find out if cancellation of teaching this subject matter affected the public´s knowledge on this issue. The subject matter education was ended up after the change of the political system in the Czech Republic and the fall of communist regimes in Central Europe, where the population in the response to changes in domestic and global politics, that eliminated a military assault of the Czech Republic, lost interest in the issue. However, people do not realize that although the danger of war is eliminated, there are other dangers of human inventions such as industrial production, transport of chemicals, or energy production and other activities, and other dangers on the part of nature, such as excessive rainfall, strong winds and other natural calamities. In the introductory section of the thesis information on history of the public warning system and the current state of warning, evacuation and protection of population is given. Data was gathered through questionnaires, where respondents had to indicate the type of a recorded sound of a siren and the subsequent response to the sound of the siren. Other questions in the questionnaire were focused on evacuation of population and improvised protection from hazardous substances. The introductory section is followed by the description of the obtained data evaluation. The hypothesis assuming that the current population has little knowledge in the field of protection of population and that a part of the population who have undergone lessons in the subject called national defence education have greater knowledge than those who did not have this education, was confirmed after evaluation of the questionnaires. Only one quarter of respondents identified the recorded sound of a siren, which is a warning value. For other questions higher values were obtained. Another part of the population, which had not undergone lessons in national defence education, reached a lower percentage of correct answers. In the final section of the thesis evaluation of individual questions is mentioned. The situation is reviewed and measures proposed to improve the level of knowledge of the Czech Republic population in the response to warning signals.
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Simulation of hospital evacuation
Novák, Jakub ; Dlouhý, Martin (advisor) ; Sornas, Ladislav (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with security in the hospital enviroment. The work creates a new evacuation plan for large-monoblock Hospital for adults in FN Motol. Evacuation plan covers all activities of the announcement of evacuation after the removal of the last patient from the hospital. For developed evacuation plan at workcompiled four simulation models in SIMUL8. With these models, theevacuation plan and tested models provide a quantitative value, according to which it can better prepare for possible evacuation. This thesis has fulfilled its purpose -- was created functional evacuation plan, and simulation models provide additional information as to which should be ensured smoother running of the evacuation.
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Determining the Number of citizens That Will Be Evacuated in the Case of a Serious, Extraordinary Event or a Crisis Situation
VÍTOVÁ, Eliška
This diploma thesis ``Determining the number of citizens that will be evacuated in the case of a serious, extraordinary event or a crisis situation{\crq}q aims to assess the level of awareness of the residents of the South Bohemia Region about evacuation and those risks in their surroundings, especially to detect just how many people (families) would chose to spontaneous evacuate themselves in the event of an extraordinary event or crisis situation and how many residents would do so with the provision of transport. This information has been obtained by means of questionnaires. In the description of the current situation, there is an overview of the laws and the establishment of the basic concepts related to evacuation. The practical part deals with the evaluation of questionnaires that were distributed to the residents of the South Bohemia Region, and there is also a summary of this information within a comprehensive overview, including the division of the point of view between men and women, and the assessment of these results within the District of South Bohemia Region. Preventative educational work among the population will contribute to the appropriate behaviour during these extraordinary events, which will assist the authorities in providing for the successful accomplishment of this evacuation. These good practices will reduce the health risks of people and will also prevent material and financial loss.
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Evacuation Precautions Focused on the Possibilities of Climbing Technique Use
JEŽEK, Jan
This thesis deals with the methods and procedures of evacuation using climbing technique in Fire Rescue Service of South Bohemian Region. In the present condition there are named and compared particular types of evacuations encountered by the fire fighters. Further, there are named and described the most significant factors and risks influencing evacuation, the composition and equipment of teams and groups and their cooperation with integrated rescue system. The next part of the thesis contains questionnaire investigation which serves as a source of the evacuation and climbing technique knowledge and also three simulated actions in height and over the free depth out of which a methodology sheet concerning the problems of evacuation with the possibility of climbing technique use is created.
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"Selected tasks of fire fighting units in protection of the population"
NOSEK, Martin
The objective of this bachelor thesis was to analyze tasks and activities of fire fighting units with a focus on activities in civil defense and protection of the population. The thesis also assessed preparedness and equipment of the fire fighting units. Using a questionnaire survey the thesis investigated the level of knowledge of commanders of voluntary fire brigades in municipalities in the field of civil defense and protection of the population. Recent experience from management of extraordinary events, particularly windstorms and floods, has shown the need to have well-prepared and organized teams available so that they can fulfill specific tasks in civil defense and protection of the population. The organized, but not completely prepared, teams include the voluntary fire brigades in the municipalities. In the introduction to the theoretical part of the bachelor thesis the author provides a historical overview of protection of the population in this country´s conditions, as well as identification of potential risks and extraordinary events which might occur. The thesis also lists types of fire fighting units and their categorization for blanket coverage. The thesis analyzes basic tasks of fire fighting units in the field of civil defense and protection of the population in agreement with Section (§) 30 of the Decree No.247/2001 Coll. For some of those tasks the thesis lists the equipment of professional units in the district of České Budějovice for their performance. At the end of the theoretical part the author analyzes the situation of voluntary fire brigades in the municipalities. The practical part investigated the level of knowledge of commanders of voluntary fire brigades in the municipalities by means of a questionnaire survey. In the discussion the author analyzed the individual questions from the questionnaire. The bachelor thesis concludes that it is necessary to further deepen the knowledge of members of voluntary fire brigades in the municipalities in the field of protection of the population, by means of periodic trainings. The conclusions of this thesis will be used by the Fire Rescue Brigade of the South Bohemian region in the training of commanders of voluntary fire brigades in the municipalities.
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An Analysis of the Czech Republic's Civilian Population's Awareness of Behavior in the Event of a Nuclear Weapon Attack
KRČAL, Jan
The main objective of this thesis entitled "An Analysis of the Czech Republic's Civilian Population's Awareness of Behavior in the Event of a Nuclear Weapon Attack" was to find out about the awareness of the Czech Republic's population about the pro-tection options against the effects of nuclear weapons. The introductory section contains an overview of these weapons, divided into particular types. It also contains a summary of their primary and secondary effects on the human body, and it is concluded with an overview of the recommended procedures and methods of personal protection. There are several means of improvised protection and methods of their use which are presented in this last mentioned overview, as well as recommended actions in this considered situation, beginning from the moment of warn-ing through shelter to the evacuation. There are results of the survey have been realized in the form of a questionnaire, and have been evaluated and with their graphic representation in the next part of the thesis. The part with the evaluation of the answers also contains a short comment re-garding each question and then it is concluded with a statistical evaluation. The survey respondents were divided by age into the first and the second groups; the age limit was chosen as the date of birth in 1980. The first group represented the respondents born before that year; the second group included those whose date of birth was in that year or later. This made it possible to assess the knowledge of particular generations, especially given the limited availability of information given after 1990 at the primary and secon-dary schools regarding this subject. The survey results showed that the awareness of the Czech Republic's popula-tion of the actions to be undertaken in the case of a nuclear weapon attack is signifi-cantly lower than what is necessary for effective individual protection. There is also significantly lower awareness within the generation born in or after 1980, as compared with the older generations. The solution of this unsatisfactory situation is to incorporate the issues into the lectures at the primary and secondary schools, preferably directly into the curriculum of those schools.
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Czech Republic Police Activities in the Event of Reoccurring Floods in the Třeboň Region.
KROUPA, Josef
While writing this diploma thesis, I realized that the issue of the Czech Police{\crq}s activities in the context of potentially reoccurring floods is a considerably complex matter. Moreover, it is subject to a multitude of mutually intertwined and interlinked laws and regulations. In the theoretical part, I studied the relevant laws concerning high-water crises, e.g., floods, and the work of the police in such emergency situations. Also, I focused on floods as such, their types, the factors leading to high-water scenarios, and the different levels of activities during floods. Thereupon I compiled an overview of the authorities of competence during floods, and examined the laws dealing with high-water crises. The second part of my thesis details the events that occurred during the flood in the Třeboň region in 2002. Finally, my thesis presents a detailed description of the current organizational structure of the PCR, as one of the fundamental elements of the country{\crq}s Integrated Rescue System (IZS). In the practical part of my thesis, I present an evaluation of a questionnaire that was taken with the aim of analyzing the level of preparedness of the PCR for maintaining public order in the event of a flood. My research indicates that the level of the PCR{\crq}s preparedness is not adequate enough, primarily in terms of existing material provisions and communication amongst the individual units of the IZS. This problem cannot be solved on the level of the Třeboň District Police (OOP) alone, for it has to be approached centrally in the context of potential flooding in the given locality. Another drawback appears to be, apart from shortage of PCR{\crq}s material provisions, also communication amongst the IZS units, particularly on the level of field watches (ground surveillance). A survey focused on to-date experience of the PCR{\crq}s members in the area of assuring public order in flooded territories revealed that the main problems the policemen had to deal with was disobedience and obstinacy on the part of the public when asked to evacuate a place, as well as inadequate provisions for effective communication. Moreover, the survey revealed inadequate knowledge of the scope of competence on the part of the PCR when ordered to evacuate a flooded area. Clearly, the Police Code should be applied consistently and better knowledge thereof pursued through periodical training, upgrading, and independent study. Despite the above shortcomings and the many problems arising therefrom, it should be noted that the organization of rescue activities was handled well, thanks to maximum effort of all the participating persons, so that the population suffered no major casualties or significant material losses.
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