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Assessment of activities of daily living in patients with Alzheimer disease in clinical practice
Martínek, Pavel ; Bartoš, Aleš (advisor)
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a very frequent disorder. There are about 150 thousand people living with AD in the Czech Republic. The diagnostic criteria require not only the evaluation of cognitive abilities (e.g. memory), but also the activities of daily living (ADL). The aim of this thesis is to describe the concept of ADL and to provide the information about its assessment in the patients with AD. It also describes the scales for ADL assessment available in the Czech Republic and abroad. The assessment of ADL is useful for the diagnosis of AD and its prodromal stages, for the evaluation of treatment effects or disease progression, for its staging, to estimate the caregiver burden, and for other purposes. The best way to assess ADL in the clinical setting is the administration of structured questionnaires to the caregiver of the patient. The thesis provides a list of 14 ADL questionnaires and a brief information about each of them. Together with my tutor, we have translated three ADL scales (FAQ-CZ, DAD-CZ and BADLS-CZ) into Czech language during my student scientific activity. These scales were given to 47 caregivers of the patients with clinical probable AD according to NINCDS-ADRDA criteria. The cognitive abilities of the patients were measured with the Mini-Mental State Examination. It proved to be...
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Expression of cholinergic gene locus in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease
Zimčík, Pavel
(anglický jazyk) The most common senile dementia, Alzheimer disease (AD), is characterized by a decline of memory and high cognitive functions. Typical post-mortem brain lesions are extracellular amyloid deposits, intracellular neurofibrilary tangles and ruined cholinergic and other neurotransmitters systems. Connection between damaged central cholinergic system and beta-amyloid accumulation remains obscure. We examined parietal cortex of young adult (7- month-old) female APPswe/PS1dE9 double transgenic mice which develope beta-amyloid fragments at high rate. Cholinergic synapses of these mice demonstrate functional presynaptic (stimulated acetylcholine release) as well as postsynaptic (muscarinic receptor-induced Gprotein activation) deficits and reduction of cholinergic markers. The mRNA levels of choline acetyltransferase, vesicular acetylcholine transporter and M1 to M4 subtypes of muscarinic receptors were determined in transgenic and littermate controls using qPCR. Obtained experimental data does not show any changes in measured mRNA levels. These observations indicate that reduction of cholinergic synaptic markers and function is due to posttranscriptional events.
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Statistical analysis of social services level for the elderly in capital city Prague
Brezováková, Petra ; Prášilová, Marie (advisor) ; Irena, Irena (referee)
The diploma thesis focuses on analyzing the development and level of social services for the elderly in Prague. Examined facilities of social services for the elderly were daycare centers and day centers for the elderly, retirement homes and special regime homes for the elderly with Alzheimer's disease. For the processing and analysis of selected indicators, the number of social services, distribution of homes by type, number of capacities in social institutions and social services funding through subsidies and grants for the monitored period 2007 - 2015, elemental characteristics of time series and future economic developments for the following years forecasted by suitable function are used. The thesis includes its own survey among providers of special homes for the elderly with Alzheimer's disease. Based on the analysis there are formulated recommendations that could contribute to the further development of social services and maintain quality of care for seniors in Prague.
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