|
|
Nutritional quality evaluation of school dinners and monitoring of food habits and their changes at children in age category seven till twelve years
HLAVATÝ, Miroslav
The diploma paper aims to appraise the composition of menu offered to pupils aged seven to twelve attending the Elementary School (ES) based in Suché Vrbné, a quarter of České Budějovice. The menu was assessed for its contents of macronutrients and a range of chosen micronutrients considered to meet nutritional demands of school children. The research covered 64 examinees (of both sexes) from the second, fourth and sixth grades, and was organized as a test of their dietary habits and physical a tivities. The paper deals with: -Nutritional quality of school lunches; -Weights and statures of children from the relevant grades measured at the beginning and the end of the appraised span of time, with the observed changes evaluated; -Average cost spent to prepare one lunch; -Variety of the food and the numbers of specific dishes taken in a month; -Adherence to the recommended alimentary basket; -Weights of the different components of lunches; -Nutritional test designed to examine dietary habits and physical activities of c ildren aged 7 to 12; -Changes in the diet of children moving up to the senior stage of the Elementary School; -Formulating hypotheses focused on drinking regimen, Body Mass Index (BMI) and physical activities. Percentage of nutrients derived from lunch, represent the proportion of recommended daily intake for the day. The ideal figure of 35 % of the recommended daily energy intake was achieved only in girls of the 4th grade. The other categories of boys and girls ranged between 5 % and 9 %. As regards proteins, these were supplied in the above-the-limit quantities to the 2nd and 4th graders, while the 6th graders received 79,65 % to 82% of the recommended daily intake. Fats kept at the optimal level of 30 % to 35 %. Saccharides stayed at the low level of 19 % to 24,69 % for the entire time of monitoring. Fiber was found to maintain the acceptable level of 29 % to 37,41 %. As regards the macroelements, calcium supply was insufficient - at 15,0 % to 18,46 % only a small portion of what is desirable. Magnesium intake was at 41,86 % to 59,1 %. Potassium reached on average 53,6 % to 59,66 %. As to microelements, iron was supplied at 42,37 % to 48,91 %; zinc at 41,15 % to 52,91 %; selenium at 59,1 % to 175,21 %. Vitamin A reached 60,78% to 89,23 %; vitamin E was at 38,66 % to 55.1%, and vitamin C at 58,81 % to 66,0 %. Vitamin B6 was supplied in the quantity of 38,50 % o 47,83 %. Vitamins B6 and B12 were supplied in above-the-standard quantities for the whole monitored period. Measurements of weights and statures were related to the age and then used to calculated the BMI - thus one 2nd grade girl was found overweight and one boy and another girl of the same grade were found obese. Pupils of the 4th grade kept within the optimal figures. In the 6th grade two girls and four boys registered overweight. Expressed in percentages, the research has showed that in the 7 to 12 age bracket 3.2% of children were obese and 9.15 overweight. The average cost of lunch preparation was 42 CZK. The numbers of specific dishes were revealed inadequate for pulses and fish. The share of fruit was duly met while vegetables were insufficient. Low was observed also the proportion of milk and sweet & meatless dishes. Conversely, the frequency of dishes made of chicken and pork was excessive. Yeast and pulse soups were served optimally, as suggested by the Ministry of Health. Inspection carried out in view of the alimentary basket specified in Decree 107/2005 disclosed these values as average for the entire period of interest: meat 92,9 %; fish 69,4%; milk 54.8 %; milk products 72.9 %. Fats were supplied at the level of 69,3 %; sugar 46 %; vegetables 59.9%; fruit 124%; potatoes 87,4 %; and pulses 54,4 %.
|
|
|
Health and social risks of obesity and unhealthy life style in relation to preadolescents and adolescents self-concept
SCHUSTER, Jan
The intention of this dissertation is a special investigation of a new innovative approach to reduce the weight of pubescent and adolescent people with overweight and fatness by creating positive changes in self-control and self-respect using an interventional active programme. The goal is to determine a method to reduce the overweight and describe the correlations of psychic conditions and social risks of the overweight and fatness of pubescent and adolescent people. The basis of the programme is several techniques of yoga and yoga configuration. The investigation observed 224 participants and the interventional programme was undertaken by 133 participant of the age of pubescence and adolescence. The programme was applied for twelve weeks. After finishing the interventional active programme, the body weight and BMI were reduced and positive significant changes were reached in shortage of hypodermic fat and decrease in depressive states and anxiety of the participants of the programme. Generally, the anthropometric measurements were implemented in case of 1136 participants. The established hypothesises have confirmed the right supposition of the effect of the interventional active programme. The ascertained data were processed statically and evaluated in collaboration with the Gartner{\crq}s Biomedical Laboratory of CTU Prague.
|
|
|
Prevalence of obesity in primary schools pupils in Prachatice
RUBEŠOVÁ, Jitka
Obesity has become a global problem. Its prevalence has been increasing not only in the world but also in the Czech Republic. There exist two main causes of its development - imbalance between energy reception and energy expenditure. This imbalance can be explained as an excessive food supply containing improper constitution and lack of movement. However, there can also occur genetic predispositions. Moreover, obesity is connected with various kinds of health complications. It cannot cause only physical problems but also psychological, social and economic ones. Reducing of weight is based on way of living including diet and movement. Long-term preservation of this regime is difficult. Is is much better to prevent occurrence of this negative phenomenon. Prevention activities should be done even at very early age. The aim of the thesis is to map out prevalence of obesity among pupils attending second stage of basic schools in Prachatice. The graduation thesis presents a quantitative research in which a questionnaire is used as the main research method. The targeted group comprises pupils attending second stage of basic schools in Prachatice. Prevalence of obesity is found out by using Body Mass Index and all obtained data are compared with percentile graphs. The research has shown that 4,8 % of them are obese and 11 % overweighted. Higher prevalence of obesity and overweight was detected with boys. The other aims of the graduation thesis are to find out other factors which can influence obesity. The influences contributing to the development of obesity can be eating in fast foods or being influenced by advertisements presenting food products. Monitored children admitted drinking of different sweet lemonades. The thesis introduces three hypothesis. First, chidren are unaware of health risks connected with obesity. The hypothesis is confirmed. Second, obese children prefer high-energy foods. This hypothesis is not confirmed. Third, obese children lack movement. The final hypothesis is confirmed. The thesis will be provided as an information source for public, mostly for parents and teachers. All obtained information is hoped to be used for increasing interest in prevention of childhood obesity.
|
|
|
Risky livestyle behaviours as a health social problem
CHYTILOVÁ, Monika
Every man influences his health by his own life style. Our health is in 80% determined by the life style. Remaining 20% is determined by other influences, inheritance {--} above all, and health care. This thesis analyses the life style of students of South Bohemian University {--} Faculty of Health and Social Studies and Faculty of Economics and is focused on negative factors e.g. drug taking, alcohol consumption, smoking, obesity and stress. The thesis involves explanation of basic concepts that are the foundation stones of this work. The first part is focused on the definitions such as health and disease, life style, prevention, health support, psychology of health and health determinants that significantly influence health of a man. Great part of work deals with risks factors such as alcohol consumption, obesity, stress and other factors that can be influenced positively by a man himself. However, individuality of a man and his will play an important role. The objective of the thesis is to survey the life style of the students of the above mentioned faculties and to compare the results. The research part of the thesis, realised in the form of a questionnaire, is focused on diet, movement, smoking, drugs and alcohol. The first hypothesis - The students of Faculty of Health and Social Studies are better informed about risk life style, than the students of Faculty of Economics {--} was proved. The second hypothesis {--} The students of Faculty of Health and Social Studies are familiar with the principles of healthy lifestyle- has been confirmed partly. The third hypothesis {--} There are no differences in life style between the students of Faculty of Health and Social Studies and Faculty of Economics {--} was proved.
|
|
|
Nutrition of younger school children of age 7- 10 in district Třebíč - progress, trends, present situation
MARIÁNKOVÁ, Alena
In my bachelor thesis I deal with nutrition and eating habits. In the theoretical part I have tried to sum up by means of secondary literature the basic information on principles of healthy nutrition and principal nutrients necessary for healthy development of the organism. Meanwhile I focus on the researched group, that is school children in the age of 7-10. I further describe the historical development of nutrition from our ancestors to present day, I deal with actual trends in nutrition coming along our modern time and I describe pathophysiology of nutrition, especially obesity. The paper aimed at describing eating habits of school children in the district of Třebíč. The quantitative research method applying questionnaire survey was applied. The research was carried out among children at 6 primary schools, both in the town as well as in the villages. Besides researching the issue of eating habits of children and finding out information on their awareness and knowledge, the paper aimed at confirming or overcoming 4 set hypotheses. Based on the assessment of data two hypotheses have been confirmed and two overcome. The results of the research have shown that school children do not follow healthy nutrition principles. It has been further confirmed that children consume throughout the day empty calories that have no nutritional value. Unexpectedly the hypothesis was overcome which stated that along with the increase of inappropriate eating habits the BMI value is increasing. The hypothesis that eating habits differ in town and village was also overcome. The bachelor thesis can be used as a source of information on healthy nutrition and the right eating habits of children in general and the eating habits of the researched file of child population. It could be of benefit for parents and teachers as they have a great influence on children and ought to exercise a positive impact on children.
|
|
|
Movement activities of school age kids, rating of hygiene of physical education on elementary schools
NOVOTNÁ, Jitka
In my Bachelor´s thesis I have investigated the locomotive activity in school children (ages 6-14) and I was trying to assess the hygiene of physical education in primary schools. I also evaluated the placing of PE-lessons within school schedules. I studied whether these children, who do a lot of sports, have a lower BMI, than children who spend their free-time passively. I also looked closer into the PE-lessons at primary schools and tried to assess if these children are subjected predominately to a static or dynamic load, and how much time is used for exercising. I carried out my academic research in České Budějovice, Český Krumlov and in Frymburk. In the theoretical part of the thesi,s I have examined the locomotive activity, children being overweight, illnesses and other related problems. I have described the history of scholastic physical education, dealt with the correct placement of physical education within school schedules and described how a correct PE-lesson should be conducted at school. Finally, I have described the hygienic demands upon school gymnasiums. For the first part of my research, I have used questionnaires that were distributed and filled out by primary school children. In the second part, entitled the Assessment of the Static and Dynamic Load in PE-Lessons, I have watched and assessed pupils in class. At the same time, I have also evaluated the placement of these lessons within school schedules. The results obtained from this research were compiled by using MS Excel. All three hypotheses were verified. Physical education lessons are, for the most par,t placed incorrectly within the school schedules. Those children, who exercise regularly, have lower BMI than those children who do not. Within the PE-lessons, the static load predominates over dynamic load.
|
|
|
Body weight changes during calendar year\\
ŘÍHA, Jakub
This thesis deals with monitoring of development of body weight, percentage share of fat and rate of BMI of students of the University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice during one calendar year. In theoretical part I deal with characteristic of health and civilization diseases. Considering a subject of this thesis I separated obesity, one of the civilization diseases, to individual chapter. Next chapters deal with diet, drinking mode and move activity. The last important chapter is an influence of body weight on a human health. The influence of an excessive weight on occurrence of civilization diseases is described in this part. The total number of people in practical part was 105, including 41 men and 64 women. The Tanita scales was used for findings of body weight and percentage share of fat. The realized rates are recorded as figures and graphs. The outcomes show that body weight, percentage share of fat and rate of BMI don´t change a lot during the calendar year. Average months rates of BMI and percentage share of fat show that men´s and women´s body weight is in ideal value and doesn´t represent any health hazard.
|
|
|
The influence of development of self-control and self-esteem in overweight reduction through yoga training for men
POSPÍŠILOVÁ, Michaela
In my thesis I have dealt with the overweight and obesity and its reduction by using interventional program lasting 12 weeks. The whole research was a part of a three-year research project called {\clqq}Positive Effects of Self-Control and Self-Esteem Development on Overweight control through Intervention of Yoga training`` and this project was supported by a grant from the Czech Grant Agency GACR No 406/05/2431 aimed at gender, age and overweight reduction, where four hundred volunteers took part. In my researching project 30 elderly men suffering from overweight and obesity of the first degree participated. I have used the interventional active plan with 15 elderly people in the experimental group from February 2008 till May 2008. The program of my diploma work focused not only on measuring the degree of overweight and obesity by using the values of BMI, BIA, and by measuring the amount of subcutaneous fat with a caliper, but also on identifying the role of Self-concept and Self-esteem and consequently on the positive influence of that on their mental and social parameters during the process of decreasing the current body weight by using yoga training and keeping healthy lifestyle. On concluding of the interventional active plan the gained results were evaluated by the use of statistic methods, which are included in the publication from doc. Krejčí, Factors of self-control and self-esteem in overweight reduction. The results proved that through doing yoga training regularly, at least 30 minutes a day, along with keeping healthy diet and practicing relaxation techniques, we managed decrease overweight and obesity of the first degree, maintained the weight and improved the mental state.
|
|
|
The health and social incidences of obesity in the second school and their remedy by the help of support active program
KOCINOVÁ, Hana
This work deals with health and social impacts on overweight and obesity among second year students in secondary schools and their remedy by means of support active program. To determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity was used the BMI values, waist girths, caliper, values of the bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). 336 students was participated in this research and 117 students underwent anthropometric measurements. From all measured were selected 31 students with excessive body weight. Seventeen of them was included in the group Experimental (ES) and fourteen in the group Control (KS). The Experimental group was subsequently administered the intervention active program aimed at reducing body weight and positive effect on health, psychological and social parameters. Investigation was carried out from October 2005 to December 2005.
|
|
|
Physical activity and healthy life style as a prevention of increasing of children and youth in selected schools in České Budějovice\\
BALOUNOVÁ, Martina
This Diploma Dissertation deals with research expressing the propotion of P.E. lessons to particular kinds of sport or disciplines. I visited eight randomly chosen schools in České Buddějovice where I tried to inspect subject of P.E. lessons in primary schools. I made a date for coming on the particular schools and asked for primary school classroom books of the school years 2005/2006 and 2006/2007 where I found out how many leesons and what kind of sport each school practised. I think P.E. lessons at schools are the only physical activities of most children nowadays. Obtained data are written down to the charts and graphs. In theoretical part of this dissertation I deal with cause of obesity, prevention of obesity, risk factors and what and how much food should be eaten.
|
guest ::
