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Usage a method of image analysis for assessment of cereals coverage in terms of ecological agriculture
KEPL, Lukáš
Determination of the cover of plants is important, both in terms of assessing the situation and crop canopy, and also in terms of weed infestation of cultivated plants. Thesis deals with the usefulness of new methods for the determination of coverage by using computer technology. The literature review presents the characteristics of weeds, options and methods for their control. In organic farming is a big emphasis on prevention, which is a fundamental measure in plant protection. Regulate the density of weed plants is very important in terms of competitive ability and productivity of plants, which obviously affects the yield. The results of this analysis process and practical implementation methods for image analysis and comparison of this method of estimation method. Experiments were carried out under organic farming conditions in cereals respectively in stands of different types of spring wheat. In comparison with the estimate using the image analysis appears promising method that can be applied in practice in determining cover.
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An experimental study of initial succession on different substrata: analysis of changes in plant species cover and some soil biological parameters and their relationships
KRESÁČ, Martin
A four year experimental study of initial stages of succession on different substrata (sand, peat and gray clay overburden from brown coal mining) was carried out. The substrata were transplanted into two different landscape types in the Czech Republic. Control plots were filled with autochthonous topsoil treated with high temperature vapor. Plots with un-treated autochthonous topsoil were also established. Plant species cover and several soil-biological parameters (soil microbial biomass, basal soil respiration, exchangeable pH(KCl), organic-C extractable by potassium sulfate solution, and nitrate-N content) were measured once a year. Obtained data were mainly processed by unimodal (plant cover data) and liner (soil-biological data) ordination methods. Biological species traits (life span, seed dispersal vector, seed bank type, ecological strategy type following Grime, life form following Raunkiaer) were used to characterize early stages of plant succession. Vegetation and measured soil-biological parameters, except pH(KCl), were significantly changing during four growing seasons. Variance partitioning analysis based on plant species cover data indicated the landscape type to be the main governing factor and physico-chemical characteristics of substrate to be less important during the studied initial stages of succession. The same analysis based on soil-biological parameters showed the reverse result. Great variability of plant species ecological traits was noticed during four growing seasons. The earliest plant colonizers were mainly ruderal, anemochorous terophytes with persistent seed bank. The number of species with C-strategy type increased during the study. The relationship between the average plant species cover and measured soil-biological parameters was also examined during the experimental study of early succession. Direct and indirect ordination revealed the average sum of plant species cover to be weakly positively correlated with soil microbial biomass, basal soil respiration, nitrate-N, potassium sulfate extractable organic-C, metabolic quocient (qCO2) and negatively correlated to exchangeable pH(KCl). The relationship was significant only in the case of microbial biomass and potassium sulfate extractable organic-C. More detailed studies of the relationship between aboveground plant species biomass and soil microbial communities in initial stages of succession are required. Comparability of presented study is limited because not many experimental investigations of similar kind have been presented until now.
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Visualization as one of the factors that sell the products and services
Baumrt, Tomáš ; Horný, Stanislav (advisor) ; Krsek, Libor (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with a subject of taking advantage of visualization during the process of product presentation. Its main aim is to find out, if visual presentation (design) of the product cover affects consumer's behaviour during the decision process of buying a particular product. If this influence is proven, a second goal is set up, namely detection of effects of chosen factors of visual presentation on consumer's decision process. Diploma thesis is divided into 6 chapters. The first introduces the topic to the reader and familiarize him with the goals and structure. Second chapter theoretically describes fundamental terms of communication, especially visual communication. The third chapter covers issues concerning the product itself and its advertisement. This chapter brings to the end theoretical part, which gathers information partly from professional literature and partly from authors' knowledge and experiences. Practical part forms the main element of the thesis. Fourth part consists of various methods for analyzing previously questioned problems in detail. Sample questionnaire examining consumer's preference is drawn up as well as graphical proposals of product design. Chapter ends up with a summary of results found out during the query survey. Results are interpreted in details in the fifth chapter, together with an attempt to draw general conclusion. Last chapter summarizes gathered information and evidence. Contribution of this work is not only to emphasize the significance of product cover and its effect on sale. Corporations or more precisely their marketing departments should realize this fact while creating marketing plan and especially advertisement plan. They should pay more attention on appearance of the product cover. Benefit further consists in processing the whole topic, with neither theoretical nor practical literature is concerned, although proven that opposite should count. Thesis tries to show the direction of further investigation, possibly followed by more complex and extensive surveys, which should bring valuable results and could be used not only by firms but also by consumers themselves.
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