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Role of cultural monuments in the regional development
Synková, Adéla ; Kment, Petr (advisor) ; Kubálek, Michal (referee)
This bachelor thesis is concerning with the influence of the Hořovice castle on the development of the region the monument is situated. The theoretical part defines the terms connected with the topic, it is delimiting culture and its division, the region and the organizations applying the preservation of monuments. Then the brief history of Hořovice town and castle is summed up here.
The second part of the thesis is focused on the Hořovice castle and its influence on the region and the surroundings. It describes the way the castle is promoted, who is financing this promotion and the operation of the castle and how the attendance of this monument is developing. It is defined here who the most frequent visitors of the castle are, what kind of competition the castle has in the surroundings and the influence of the ongoing reconstruction of the castle on the actual interest in visiting the castle. At last the cultural events are listed, that have been organized here in the last year and is stated, who is in charge of the organization of the events.
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The effect of fertilization on yield and quality of malting spring barley
Mužík, Jiří ; Černý, Jindřich (advisor) ; Jiří, Jiří (referee)
Spring barley is the cereal with the shortest growing season and high demands on soil structure and quality of fertilization.
The experimental part of the study was carried out on the long-term stationary experiments at two sites with different soil and climatic conditions - Červený Újezd and Prague Suchdol. Experiments were established in 1996 with a crop rotation in order - potato (corn), winter wheat and spring barley. Organic fertilizers are: sewage sludge, manure and straw. Mineral fertilizers were applied directly to the barley such as phosphates, potassium fertilizers were used in autumn in the course of plowing and nitrogen fertilizer during seedbed preparation of the soil. Used mineral fertilizers are: calcium amonium nitrate, triple superphosphate and potassium salt. Spring barley is the third crop after the application of organic fertilizers and therefore uses fertilizers in the third year.
The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of organic and mineral fertilization on yield parameters of spring barley and selected qualitative indicators. We evaluated the number of offsets, number of grains per ear, yield of grain, straw and N-substances in grain.
The number of offsets and grains per ear had the greatest influence by fertilization mineral fertilizers. The highest number of offsets was found in variant NPK Červený Újezd in year 2013 (2,357 offsets/m2) and the largest number of grains in ear at the same station in year 2014 on variant Manure 1/2 + N (24.6 grains). Yield of grains was significantly influenced by both sites and variants of fertilization. It was different in year 2013, when the higher yields were found in the station Suchdol, however yields in years 2014 and 2015 were higher at the station Červený Újezd, especially in variants fertilized with mineral fertilizers. The highest grain yield was at the station Červený Újezd variants NPK and N + straw (9 t / ha) and at the station Suchdol was the highest grain yeild on NK variant (6.1 t / ha), both cases in year 2015. Straw yield was influenced by both fertilizes mineral and organic according to influence of individual years. The highest yield of straw was found at the station Červený Újezd variant N + straw (5.6 t / ha) in year 2015 and at the station Suchdol was the highest yield on the variant N (4.3 t / ha) in year 2014.
The content of N-substances in grains of the spring barley was found to be low in all variants of fertilization in the analyzed years. Optimal values throughout the three-year experiment was achieved at the station Červený Újezd only in year 2015 on variant N (10.5%) and N + straw (10.6%) and at station Suchdol in year 2014 on variant N (10.3%) and NP (10.4%).
It was found that a propitious effect on the yield and quality of spring malting barley has fertilization by mineral fertilizers such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Fertilization by organic fertilizer has a positive effect while used in lower quality soil and climatic conditions.
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Comparison of little spruce sawflies Pristiphora abietina in young spruce forests after 10 years
Jirásková, Nikola ; Holuša, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Lukášová, Karolína (referee)
Little spruce sawfly (Pristiphora abietina) pose a significant threat for forests
of the Czech Republic. A better knowledge of its population trends is therefore vital
for mitigating future problems in forestry.
During years 1998-2005 and then again in 2015, field observations of the population
of P. abientina were conducted in few areas of young spruce biotope
in the Czech Republic. The study areas were located in Vítkov Highlands, Javorníky (Maple Mountains) and in the surrounding of five other settlements - Albrechtice, Fryčovice, Skřipov, Spy and Stanovice. The catchment of P. abientina was performed from April till the of July by Malaise traps. Deployed Malaise traps were regularly checked, every 14 days in each study area.
The field study has discovered high numbers of P. abientina in all study locations,
as well as a high generic diversity. The flight activity of P. abientina was observed
as well. This was demonstrated in the study area of Spy, where the individuals
in the flight acitity were recorded from the beginning of May until the end of June.
The study has further discovered a numerical superiority of females over males
in the population of P. abientina. The population in 2015 exhibited a steep decline
in comparison with previous years.
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Comparison of spruce sawflies Pristiphora leucopodia in the Czech Republic Mts after 10 years
Klápšťová, Hana ; Holuša, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Lukášová, Karolína (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with comparison of spruce sawflies Pristiphora leucopodia in the Czech republic after ten years. In 2015 Malaise traps of Towness type were installed at predetermined locations around the Czech Republic. The collecting of the insects took place from late April to late June. The collected insects were then transported to and manually sorted out in the entomological laboratory of the Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences. The results have shown that the current population density is lower than in the previous collecting period, but statistic tests do not confirm this statement.
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Comparison of the flight activity of spruce bark beetle (Ips typographus) in two regions
Presslová, Šárka ; Lukášová, Karolína (advisor) ; Holuša, Jaroslav (referee)
This study of the flight activity of individuals of a subfamily of Scolytinae, namely the species Ips typographus, is focused on a time period and the numbers of individuals during swarming. Two areas were monitored, the Boletice military district and Libavá military training grounds between 10 April and 11 September 2015. Ten Theyson plate-type traps withPheroprax pheromone evaporators were deployed in the studied areas. The traps were regularly chechked in 5 - 7-day intervals. The light activity of the bark beetl and numbers of its generation were monitored. A total of 92,368 individuals of I. typographus were caught, of which 15,820 occurred on Horní Planá, and 76,548 in the Libavá habitat. These figures show that the habitat in Libavá, which is at a lower elevation, has a much higher population density of spruce bark beetle in the forests than on Horní Planá. The analysis og the captured specimens showed 2 peaks of flight activity on Horní Planá, which can be considered major swarming, and 3 peaks for Libavá, of which 2 major peaks are considered major swarming and 1 affiliated.
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Comparison of spruce sawflies Pikonema scutellatum in the Czech Republic after 10 years
Pešek, Marcel ; Lukášová, Karolína (advisor) ; Holuša, Jaroslav (referee)
Pikonema scutellatum is a species with high outbreak potential, which caused local outbreaks in several areas in Europe during the 20th century. Within our research we observed an abundance of the spruce sawflies P. scutellatum at 10 predetermined locations around the Czech Republic in 2015. We used Malaise traps of Towness (1972) type for catching adults from late April to late June. P. scutellatum was detected in 9 of 10 sites with a total of 55 individuals. Which is lower than the previous collecting period in years 1999-2006, but it was not statistically confirmed (Kruskal Wallis test; p>0,05). There was more males then females but this also was not statistically confirmed (Wilcoxon matched pairs test; p>0,05). The flight activity period of P. scutellatum started in May and during June declined significantly. Population densities of observed species are very low and the population is in the latent phase.
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Floristic survey of natural monument Vinice (Příbram district)
Ambrožová, Veronika ; Česká, Jana (advisor) ; Petrů, Veronika (referee)
Floristic survey of the natural monument Vinice (district Příbram) was conducted during growing seasons in 2012 and 2015. The study area is located near Jince and it is important paleontological deposit of Cambrian fauna.
The aim of this thesis was a floristic inventory of vascular plant species, with a focus on validation of endangered and exotic species occurrence. The thesis also includes an evaluation of previous work results and current treatment interventions in context with the management plan.
In the natural monument Vinice, there were 61 vascular plant species inventoried on selected parts of the monitored area in 2015 (in 2012, there were 47 plans species determined, excluding families Poaceae, Juncaceae and Cyperaceae). Presence of two endangered species was confirmed in both years, while another three previously recorded (in year 2006) endangered species were not found at the study area in 2015.
Five alien species were recorded in 2015, of which the black locust (Robinia pseudacacia) and small balsam (Impatiens parviflora) are invasive nature. Potential threat to the locality can be common broom (Cytisus scoparius), although it is not considered as an invasive species in the Czech Republic.
On the basis of floristic inventories four main habitats were indicatively set (Hercynian oak - hornbeam forests, herb-rich beech forests, acidophilous thermophilous oak forests and dry acidophilous oak forests).
To preserve this valuable paleontological and also botanical site is recommended to follow the management plan for the period 2007-2016, where the appropriate interventions are described. The new management plan should emphasize the protection of paleontological deposits and the liquidation of alien species populations (including common broom) especially on rock terraces with thermophilic vegetation.
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Species diversity and abundance of small terrestrial mammals in several types of forest stands in Třeboňsko study area
Dvořák, Jiří ; Kouba, Marek (advisor) ; Šťastný, Karel (referee)
The goal of this thesis was to find the diversity and abundance of small mammals in several types of forest and non-forest ecosystems in the protected landscape area of CHKO Třeboňsko. Further, the goal was to compare the collected data with analogical data from Krušné hory and finally discuss the findings in relation to the abundance of the Tengmalm´s Owl (Aegolius funereus) in both areas.
Trapping by collapsible snap-traps was practiced in both of the abovementioned protected landscape areas. In case of Třeboňsko, six spring and six fall quadrants were established, while the area of one quadrant was designated to 270 m2with 40 traps laid. In contrast, the small mammals in Krušné hory were being caught on three spring and three fall quadrants. The area of one quadrant was designated to be 1 ha with each quadrant containing 121 laid traps. The result numbers of caught individuals were converted into the number of trapped individuals per 100 trap nights. The number of nesting pairs of Tengmalm´s Owl was established by regular visits of hanging nestboxes in both of the protected landscape areas.
In 2014, 42 individuals were caught in Třeboňsko. The following species were recorded: yellow-neck mouse (Apodemus flavicollis), bank vole (Clethrionomys glareolus), and common vole (Microtus arvalis). For this year, the highest diversity of species was recorded in localities "pine north" and "open area south". The highest number of individuals caught (21) was in the quadrant of "pine north".
The year 2015 was more colorful in case of recorded species, however the total number of caught individuals was only insignificantly higher (49 individuals in total). The following species were caught: yellow-neck mouse, wood mouse, bank vole, common shrew (Sorex araneus), and field vole (Microtus agrestis). The highest species diversity was recorded in the quadrant of "spruces north" and the highest number of caught pieces (24) was recorded in the quadrant of "pine north".
In case of Krušné hory, there were 31 caught individuals in 2014 and 193 individuals in 2015. The species diversity of small mammals was equivalent as in the experimental localities in Třeboňsko, additionally, only the eurasian pygmy shrew (Sorex minutus) was recorded.
The following numbers of nesting pairs of Tengmalm´s Owl were recorded through the regular visits of nesting boxes: in the year 2014, there was not a single nesting pair in the area of Třeboňsko; in the year 2015, there were 3 nesting pair. In Krušné hory, for the year 2014, there were 10 nesting pair recorded, and for the year 2015, 34 pair were recorded.
Even though the food supply was similar, there was a significant difference in the numbers of nesting couples in Třeboňsko and Krušné hory. It seems probably, that the Tengmalm´s Owl simply prefers natural nesting cavities over the hanging booths in Třeboňsko.
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Assortments of perennials used on the rural gardens in Pilsen region
Daňková, Barbora ; Matiska, Pavel (advisor) ; Ivana, Ivana (referee)
The thesis called Assortments of perennials used on rural gardens in the Pilsen region deals with using perennials in villages of Pilsen Region- Pilsen- North and Tachov with focusing
on rural gardens and partly on public green containing perennials in planting.
From the total number of 149 villages in observed regions about 103 villages were chosen and visited.
The thesis also focuses on characteristic of these plants. The rural gardens are analysed, too.
It deals with recommendation for using suitable perennials in given station and their next use in gardens and other places. The thesis also focuses on some parts of Pilsen Region, concretely on districts of Pilsen- North and Tachov. The observation of these districts took place from June to September in 2015. It describes these districts from the viewpoint
of climate, it means the average year temperature, rainfall and the altitude of both districts.
It concretely mentions chosen villages from the districts of North Pilsen and Tachov and defines villages in which was the green focused on timber species and grassy areas and villages where these areas were completed by floral decoration, especially by perennials.
It was found that in small villages were used 16, in middle villages 39 and in large villages
32 sorts of perennials. The largest number of sorts of perennials is used in middle villages (600-2000 inhabitants). In small villages (under the number of 600 inhabitants) perennials are planted mainly in the gardens of family houses and are missing in public places.
Among the most often planted perennials in the districts of North Pilsen and Tachov belong Aster dumosus, Bergenia crassifolia, Hemerocallis sp., Hosta sp., Iris sp., Phlox paniculata, Sedum spectabile, Sedum spurium, Yucca sp. and others.
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