|
|
Transformation of adult children's relationships to their mother suffering from dementia
PECNOVÁ, Iveta
The relationship between mother and child is significantly influenced by the development of the personality of the two participants. In the event that the mother suffers dementia that changes her personality, her decline can be assumed to be accompanied by a transformation in interfamilial relationships. This baccalaureate thesis presents the specific life situations of two generations connected by a maternal bond. Attention is first focused on the sick mother, whose illness is detailed in the theoretical portion of the paper. The research also focuses on the family and the experiences of its members. The children gradually adapt to their roles of caregivers while coping with many difficulties and their own suffering. The practical part of the paper examines how the relationship is experienced from the point of view of the adult child. The chosen qualitative study method maps the experiences of children and their mother's transformation. The group being studied consists of eight participants, whose mothers are hospitalized in a gerontopsychiatric unit due to the advanced stage of their disease. The data was gathered through unstructured interviews and then analyzed using the "case card" method. An analysis of the testimonies of daughters and sons of seriously ill women made it possible to describe how the children's roles changed in the relationship and how they perceived their mothers' illnesses. The children notice that the mutational emotional relationship changed as a result of the onset of their mothers' dementia. The results also show that children experienced strong feelings of guilt about their mothers' situations.
|
|
|
Social Work with People with Schizophrenia
Mládková, Marcela ; Luptáková, Marina (advisor) ; Ventura, Václav (referee)
Diploma thesis "Social Work with People with Schizophrenia" deals with global life - sustaining situation of people who have in some part of their lives the experience with schizophrenia or with some similar disease from the same range. Theoretical part of this work presents basic facts about schizophrenia - about the course of this disease and about the treatment possibilities and also tries to outline - how are the possibilities of "successive care" it means the care which people with schizophrenia can find after their hospitalization after they enter the psychiatric care and start to use medicine and start attending psychotherapy. One of the aims of this thesis is to map how the real possibilities are for the people with schizophrenia after they return after their psychotic episode to "regular" life and try to live normally how to work, start relationships, engage in their hobbies etc.
|
|
|
Coping strategies in children´s fear and pain in relation to nursing care
PROCHÁZKOVÁ, Zuzana
For the nurse, taking care of hospitalized children is important not only pediatric nursing knowledge, personal and social preconditions, but also the theoretical and practical competency of methods and techniques, which are used for identification and effective influencing of pain and fear. The aim of this thesis was to identify the main sources of fear of the hospitalized preschool and young school age children and to find out the effective methods and principles of the cooperation with children, alternatively with their accompanying parents in order to moderate the fear of the small patient. Then the thesis tried to chart the nursing diagnostic and evaluation procedure of the pain and get the most used nursing methods of non-pharmacological pain relief. To obtain the necessary data, the qualitative research was used with a semi-structured interview as a research instrument. The first research group consisted of 12 nurses, the second group consisted of 12 children ´s patients of preschool and young school age. The majority of the asked nurses thinks, that children´s patients are afraid especially of non-familiar environment, then of the awaited pain and of the solitude without parents. However, the most patients said, that they were afraid especially of pain, then of non-familiar environment, restriction of their needs, hostile attitude of the medical staff and of the other neighbouring patients. They were also frightened of the death and of the darkness. Most reported nurses mean, that the most effective solution of the children ´s fear is the friendly attitude of the medics. They also mentioned the fact of taking the focus off the fear and the presence of the parents is also beneficial. The nurses ´ answers were in conformity with patients opinion in two fields - friendly attitude of the medics and taking the focus off the fear. Then the children mentioned abiding of their specifics in connection to falling asleep and the demand of beying treated by the same sister or by few same sisters. All respondents also talked about the benefit of parents presence. Regarding the principles of the cooperation, nurses answered the importance of united medical procedures, especially the proper way of information transfer. Then the respondents nurses mentioned the psychical and emotional support for children and their accompaniments, the atmosphere of confidence and the value of well done education. Also the need of calm, silence and privacy was stated. Unlike nurses, children and their parents regarding to principles of the cooperation prefer the psychical and emotional support, then the importance of enough information was mentioned. The fourth research question bears on the methods used for children pain monitoring. The nurses said, that the intentional interview with the patients or with the parents was used as a main technique, that was stated by patients as well. Research question number five said: What are the most used nursing methods of non-pharmacological pain relief at children? Most responded nurses mentioned the distraction of children attention from the painful incentive, then the importance of physical methods, relief position and purposeful preparation for the unpleasant intervention. Nurses also named the helpful contribution of the parents, relaxing exercises and the method of imagination. Regarding the pain treatment, it was noted, that all patients prefered the analgesic therapy. Then they quoted the distraction of their attention from the painful incentive, the friendly attitude of the medics, using the ice compress and the relief position. In the pain acute phase, children required mostly calm, comfort and privacy. All children also considered the presence of parents as very helpful. The theoretical and empirical part of the thesis are suitable for being studied by nurses taking care of children and it can be helpful for nursing quality improvement at children ´s wards in hospitals.
|
|
| |
|
|
Self-sufficiency of home care clients
MOTYČÁKOVÁ, Barbora
The topic of this bachelor thesis is the self-sufficiency of home care clients. This thesis focuses on the importance of home care agencies and their influence on the self-sufficiency of the clients in the home environment. The aim is to find out to what extent the nurses of the home care agencies intervene to help clients achieve self-sufficiency. To reach the aim of my work and gather information, I prepared questionnaires for clients of home care agencies and for professional public. The theoretical part focuses mainly on the clarifying of the term "home care" and also the client and his or her self-sufficiency. The practical part is based upon the findings of the questionnaires completed by the nurses of the home care agencies and the clients. Hereby it is also possible to prove the hypothesis, whether the nurses test the self-sufficiency of their home care clients, if they utilise compensatory aids for the clients and also if they involve the other members of the clients´ families to support the clients´ self-sufficiency. On the basis of available information resources and available literature, I attempted to carry out a current analysis of the environment. The obtained data are evaluated and presented in charts.
|
|
|
When the health care of the patient becomes
PALIČKOVÁ, Pavla
The theoretical part is divided into five further parts. The first part is focused on the concept of health, definition of health which was constantly changing and also characterization of four various views on the concept of health. The second part will explain the concept of disease, the burden of disease and nurse's and patient's attitudes toward the disease will be discussed. The third part contains characteristics of the patient, their role, personal qualities and their shift in how they experience of the disease and how they act. The fourth part is focused on the nurse as such. It describes the role of doctor, nurse and care worker in patient's position. The fifth and last part is dedicated to hospitalization. Here we can find relationship between a patient and a nurse in hospitalization. This goes with explaining the importance of conversation and its role during hospitalization. The last sub-chapter of this part covers adaptation to the hospital environment and concludes the theoretical part of this thesis.The aim of this work was to 1. Find out about the view of one's own experienced hospitalization. 2. Find out how nurse's personal qualities have been affected by hospitalization. 3. Find out whether the hospitalization has affected their further job performance.The research part of this thesis was carried out using the method of qualitative survey. Data were collected with the help of semi structured interview.In the beginning of the interview, each respondent was assured that her identity will remain anonymous and that all the information acquired will be used only for this bachelor thesis.The survey was carried out in the respondents' privacy.The research showed that hospitalization experience is different between nurses in the role of patient and "ordinary" patients.Nurses as patients have higher expectations for example towards nursing service or providing information on their health condition. That is given by their medical background. On the other hand, it turns out that their education prevents them from embracing the role of patient and ask more questions.We can therefore say that the nurse/patient is in a way a really demanding client for the medical staff. The research has revealed that it cannot be definitely stated that medical education has significant influence on providing information on health condition. The research has further shown that respondents had no issues with attractiveness and equipment of the department. Early waking up for taking the patients temperature was perceived as negative.The research shown that, in terms of providing assistance in self-care, the personnel was very helpful, attentive, kind and saw "no issues".Further part of the research investigation was to determine how the health nurse/patient's hospitalization affected them on a personal level. What changes affect the nurse's professional attitude towards the patient after having personal experience as a patient and how they will use the experience in their professional performance. The results show that the respondents are trying to contemplate on their hospitalization experience. The results have also shown that the respondents tend to change their attitude mostly on the basis of unprofessional attitude on the part of medical personnel.In spite of this fact, nine respondents managed not only to think about their professional weaknesses but were also able to make use of the negative hospitalization experience for further development and improvement as for their professional performance. This thesis provides an insight of a nurse in the role of patient in hospitalization focused on the behaviour of nurses and their carer's approach towards patients.As the results have shown that the most problematic part was obtaining and providing information, I propose a seminar focused on the topic of how to learn relevant communication skills.
|
|
|
Life during high risk pregnancy from the perspective of a woman.
TŘEBÍNOVÁ, Klára
This bachelor thesis deals with a high risk pregnancy and considers the woman´s point of view. The work is divided into two main parts theoretical and practical. The theoretical part was realized on the basis of literature. At the beginning of the theoretical part, the attention is paid to current situation and definition of pregnancy. This part also defines fertilization, implantation, implantation of the fetus, fetal development, pregnancy diagnosis, pregnancy changes and the role of midwives in prenatal counseling in 1st, 2nd and 3rd trimester of pregnancy. Furthermore, the theoretical part focuses on the high risk pregnancy and its risk factors. One particular chapter describes hospitalization of woman in the department for high risk pregnancy that deals with pre-term birth, multiple pregnancies, bleeding during pregnancy, irregular positions of the fetus, disease affecting pregnant woman and midwifery care for women with high risk pregnancy. The theoretical part is concluded by the description of woman´s needs during hospitalization in the department for high risk pregnancy. The goal of this bachelor thesis is to find out if high risk pregnancy affect the needs of women during hospitalization. The research question was: How do high risk pregnancies affect the needs of women during hospitalization? It was used qualitative research and semi-structured interview for the research. The interview served for data collection and contained pre-prepared sets of questions. Interviews took place in the department for high risk pregnancy during the period of March and April 2015. The respondents were a total of ten women hospitalized in the department for high risk pregnancy in the hospital in České Budějovice. Interviews with respondents were held in calm predetermined locations. All respondents agreed to participate in the research, the agreement was carried out in writing, and were familiarized with the fact that all the information is collected for this bachelor thesis. The data was analyzed by coloring the text and creating its categories and subcategories. Direct speech is used to present the results of the interviews that are marked in italics in text. Two categories and subcategories were set. First category is called Information and its aim was to collect information given by women in the department for high risk pregnancy. This category includes the following subcategories: Source of information and Satisfaction of information. These subcategories inform us about sources and satisfaction with the information. Second category is called Needs and is preoccupied with the needs of women. This category includes three subcategories: Physiological Needs, Social Needs and "Psychological Needs" that deal with physiological, social and psychological needs. The research showed that hospitalization of women in the department for high risk pregnancy influenced especially bowel movement, sleep, rest, activity and nutrition. Some respondents were not satisfied with their state of health and with results of examination realized by doctors. On the other hand, the majority of respondents were satisfied with the information provided by midwives. Concerning another subcategory dealing with needs, all respondents said that their contact with friends and family was limited. For this reason, they tried to communicate with mobile phones and computers. In addition, hospitalization also affected their family life as they could not take care of older children and look after the household. Psychological condition was very important during hospitalization. Women felt worried about their state of health and the health of their unborn child. Respondents stated that their biggest psychological support was provided by their partner, husband, family, friends, and also midwives. This bachelor thesis can serve as informational source for midwives who work in the department for high risk pregnancy or as educational text for the public.
|
|
|
Specifics of nursing care for the blind patients to standard wards
PIVOŇKOVÁ, Lenka
Bachelor thesis is focused on the specifics of nursing care for the blind patients on standard bed wards. This topic is actual because in the Czech Republic live from 7 000 to 12 000 thousands of blind people. The most frequent reason of blindness is cataract. If these reasons begin to heal in time, blindness can in many cases completely preventable. Blindness is the hardest stage of visual impairment. Blind person suffers from a lack of visual cues that compensates for increased tactile and auditory perception. During a blind person's hospitalization is therefore necessary to respect the specific frequent related to the implementation of individual interventions. For treating blind people is also important that the nursing staff is familiar with when the blind lost his sight. His care must be subordinated to it. It should be realized that the organ of sight is the most important sensor for active and quality life, therefore his protection is important and people must regularly visit an ophthalmologist. The thesis consists of two parts, from the theoretical and research part. The theoretical part includes anatomy and physiology of the visual system, visual defects and their causes, diagnosis and classification of visual impairment. It also focuses on the specifics of nursing care of blind patients in the reception area of the department, the moving inside the hospital, examination, self-care, communication with blind patients, aids for blind patients and organizations for the visually impaired. In relation to the topic were two objectives. The first objective was focused on the specifics of nursing care for the blind on standard bed wards. The second objective was focused on the experiences of blind admissions to the standard bed wards. Based on those targets two research questions have been established. The first research question was focused on finding out the specifics of nursing care of blind patients. The second research question was aimed at finding the experience of blind patients requiring hospitalization. The practical part was processed using qualitative research. The survey was carried out at the Eye Department of the Hospital České Budějovice and the charitable society Tyflo Vysočina Jihlava. The research sample included blind clients who have previously or currently hospitalized in inpatient department. A qualitative survey was conducted through semi-structured interview. Interview contained 20 question divided into four groups. The research sample consisted of nine respondents (R1-R9), four women and five men aged from 27 to 75 years. The data were collected during the months of March and April 2015. Interviews were tape-recorded and then transcribed verbatim. Interviews were transcribed using paper and pencil method and analyzed by open coding. Based on analysis of the data was created 5 categories with several subcategories. Based on analysis of the gathered data can be said that the specifics of nursing care for the blind include patience, cooperation and communication with a blind patient. In this area are health works increased demand especially in the appropriate client familiarization with the hospital environment, providing enough information about various examinations and procedures. According to the respondents the nursing staff communicated correctly in most cases. The blind must be communicated about everything that is done and what will be done. It was also found that the majority of blind respondents have a standard admission to the inpatient department quite a good experience. But they experienced some uncomfortable moments. These moments were associated with theft, defamatory salutation, misperception that if a person can not see, still he can hear. One of the respondents also said the fact that the staff spoke when communicating with accompaniment and not with him. Bachelor thesis will be used for improve in nursing care and will be proposed draft standard for nursing.
|
|
|
Education of children in the hospital before the surgery at the Department of ear, nose, throat.
EKHARDTOVÁ, Miroslava
The aim of this study was to uncover phenomena in the effective education of children in the hospital before the surgery at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology and to create a functional educational material, using elements of game therapy. The theoretical part contains information about the problems of hospitalized children, their perception of illness and hospitalization and brings facts about the negative reactions of children in this difficult period. This part of study describes the education of children at the hospital and introduces simple instructions how to communicate with the child. This part of study also describes the nurse's work at the Department of Ear, Nose, and Throat and describes the most frequent procedures with children at this department. Another part of this study is focused on the preoperative preparation and the last part of this study is focused on the gaming therapy. Following research questions were provided to achieve the main aims of this study: 1. How is the children education provided in the Department of ETH in the chosen hospital? 2. What kind of children's educational strategies is used at the pre-operative care at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology at the chosen hospital? 3. What are the effectiveness of educational strategies applied on the principle of game therapy? This research was based on qualitative survey. The research was divided into three parts. The results of the research are in the practical part of this study. Data were collected between December 2014 and March 2015 at the Otorhinolaryngology department at the hospital in Jindřichův Hradec. The first part of the research was focused on interviews with the nurses. Interviews were semi-structured and contained eight questions. The second part of the research was focused on seven questions of semi-structured interviews with hospitalized children's deputy. These two parts of the research was supplemented by direct structured observation focused on the children and children's deputy education at the hospital before the surgery. Due the working department management the direct structured observation was carried out at the moment of hospital admission because there is the education most extensive and the most important. Based on the results of the first two parts of the research of this study the new education materials were created and applied in the third part of the research of this study. One of the new created education materials was an electronic Power Point presentation used in hospital's tablets. The second new applied educational material was a Teddy Bear. The results of these interviews showed that the main source of information is mainly a doctor. The nurse completes the education. Interviewed nurses realize the importance of education for children and their parents. First, the education is carried out at the hospital Infimary Room based on verbal and individual way. Then the education is carried out in the Hospital Room or in the Surgery Room before the surgery if the patient's condition allows children can for example touch the respirator etc. The education is more focused on children's deputy. The big advantage for children is a fact, than they can be accompanied by their deputy. The children's deputy can stay till the child fall asleep before the surgery. The effectivity of the education is controlled by nurses. There is one alarming result of the survey. One of the nurses believes that non educated child feels just the same as educated. However, this result wasn't confirmed. There is only minimal occurrence of the game therapy at the department. Nurses express positive opinion about the education with occurrence of the game therapy but negative phenomenon of this strategy they find in the lack of the time. The observed fact is those interviewed deputies were very satisfied with the education in most of the cases. The practical part of this study is focused on application of educational material.
|
|
|
The issue of nursing care in acute abdomen in children under 6 years
HLACHOVÁ, Martina
This Diploma thesis is focused on the issue of nursing care of acute abdominal pain in children under six years old. The abdominal pain of children can be the first symptom of an acute abdominal pain which can directly endanger a child´s life. Neglecting these troubles can lead to great health problems of a complicated character. Four research goals were set within the research. The first objective was to find specifics of acute abdominal pains of children up to six years old. The second objective was to find possible results of acute abdominal pains in children under six years old in the post-operative period. The third goal was to monitor the issue of acute abdominal pains in childhood from the point of view of a nurse and the fourth should have found the knowledge of parents about acute abdomeninal pains in childhood. The Diploma thesis strived to penetrate into the issue of this large chapter of acute medicine, highlight its specifics related to acute abdominal pains in childhood and find out how parents are informed about the existence of this type of illness. To complete the objectives of this Diploma thesis, we used a qualitative research model. This research was done by the technique of a semi-structured interview. The first research group consisted of eight nurses working in a standard paediatric ward or in a paediatric ward of the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). The second group consisted of parents, specifically mothers who responded based on their knowledge and general awareness gained. A technique of open coding a method of pencil and paper was used for processing the results of these interviews. Seven research questions were set: 1. What are the specifics of nursing care in acute abdominal pain in childhood? 2. What medical complications appear during acute abdominal pain in childhood? 3. What are the specifics of pre-operative and post-operative care in acute abdominal pain in childhood? 4. What is the post-operative period in children with acute abdominal pain? 5. What results can appear in acute abdominal pain in childhood? 6. How do nurses see the issue of sudden acute abdominal pain in childhood? 7. What is the parents´ knowledge about acute abdominal pains in childhood? Within the process of this Diploma thesis, a booklet was created. This should serve as information material for parents, which will help them to explain various terms and potential situations within this extensive diagnosis. This booklet will be at disposal in day nurseries and the outpatient department of the paediatric ward in České Budějovice.
|
guest ::
