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Thermal analysis of fuels
Šrámek, Zbyněk ; Hrnčířová, Michaela (referee) ; Moskalík, Jiří (advisor)
The main goal of this thesis is to introduce the field of thermal analysis as an independent scientific discipline. The first section is mostly informative and introduces into a concept of thermal analysis. The second part describes the most fundamental and essential methods of thermal analysis and the last section is focused on evaluating a real thermogravimetric experiment which deals with biomass sample.
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Importance and utilization of cellulases
Stuchlíková, Olga ; Babák, Libor (referee) ; Omelková, Jiřina (advisor)
The theoretical part of my bachelor thesis focuses on studying plant cells and polysaccharides, from which the cell wall is made of. The main attention is held on cellulose. Secondly, cellulases and microorganisms, which produce these enzymes, are mentioned. This work also deals with the actual use of cellulases in industry and agriculture. The last chapter of the theoretical part is devoted to immobilization, immobilized enzymes and their use in practice. The practical part of my bachelor thesis focuses on determination of basic properties of commercially used enzyme Celluclast 1.5 L. The temperature and pH optimum and temperature and pH stability were determined experimentally. The attention is also held on immobilization of these cellulases on synthetically prepared carrier „Sorsilen“. Subsequently, basic characteristics were determined as well as for soluble form of commercial enzyme.
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Thermoplastic extrusion of ceramic materials with ionic and mixed conductivity
Kaštyl, Jaroslav ; Matoušek, Aleš (referee) ; Trunec, Martin (advisor)
In the bachelor thesis, an overview of the existing literature focused on thermoplastic extrusion method was worked out and based on the findings; the conditions for extrusion of mixtures with zirconia were optimized in order to produce rods. Great attention was paid to dimensional and shape precision of ceramic parts. Two methods were applied when preparing the ceramic mixtures – mixing and dissolving. These methods have been compared on the basis of the results achieved in rheological measurements of flow properties, microstructure and dimensional accuracy of the sintered rods. Having verified the efficiency of mixture dissolving, this method was used to prepare mixtures with different contents of cellulose and binder.
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Acidobasic behavior of carboxymethylcellulose solutions
Teslíková, Ivana ; Kislinger, Jiří (referee) ; Janeček, Jiří (advisor)
This work concerns with the study of acidobasic behavior of solutions of sodium salts of carboxymethylcellulose (CMC-Na). This behavior was investigated using acidimetric titrations of the salt solutions with potentiometric and conductometric indications. In order to determine the content of carboxylic groups in two different samples of CMC-Na (M1=90 kDa, DS1=0.7; M2=700 kDa, DS2=0.9), we employed the method of Ray von Wandruzska, originally proposed for the determination of the acidity of humic substances. The values of the degree of substitution (DS) obtained using this method correspond to the values declared by the producer. The small differences (of the order few percentage points) can be attributed to the humidity of the samples. The acidimetric titrations were performed also for solutions with different ionic strengths. There is an apparent effect of the ionic strength on the shape of titration curves; nevertheless these data were not used for any theoretical interpretation.
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Utilization of biomass for the energy purposes
Romanová, Kristýna ; Ing.Ondřej Kosík, Ph.D. (referee) ; Flodrová, Dana (advisor)
The theoretical part of work focuses on the issue of biomass used for energy purposes, in particular agricultural waste, which can be used as a substrate for biogas station. Furthermore, examines the composition of polymer substrates, which affects most biogas process. The aim of this work was to measure each sample of enzyme activity of biomass, which is used as a raw material for biogas plants.
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Plants polysaccharides and their importance in food production
Klanicová, Barbora ; Illková, Kateřina (referee) ; Omelková, Jiřina (advisor)
Some findings about plant polysaccharides, their characteristics and structures, modifications, changes, their biosynthases, isolationes and primarily their importance in food-stuff industry are the subject matter of this review. Because of their modifications and because of the significant role they play in food-processing industry it is focused on starch and cellulose. For better understanding of whole meaning it was necessary to attend to the theme from the initiation – mainly the cell structure and then syntheses, especially photosynthesis, ways that are monosaccharides and polysaccharides generated.
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Utilisation of plant origin waste
Habáníková, Kamila ; Šťavíková, Lenka (referee) ; Omelková, Jiřina (advisor)
This thesis describes properties and utilization and specifies the composition of organic plant waste produced during industrial processing. By cultivation of specific micro-organisms from this waste material it is possible to produce enzymes that have further beneficial industrial utilization. The experimental part of this thesis deals with the production of enzymes from the applied waste material grape pomace with the help of chosen micro-organisms. Waste, its processing and utilization is and always will be a key issue in our society.
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Plasma modification of materials for medical purposes
MATĚJÍČEK, Jan
This diploma thesis deals with the ongoing research under the auspices of the Department of Applied Physics and Technics Faculty of Education, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, in which the author of the work was actively participated. The thesis is divided into theoretical and experimental part. The theoretical part contains information from natural polymers, especially cellulose, plasma technology and infrared spectrometry. The subject of the experimental part of the thesis is research that deals with the functionalization of cellulose using a microwave plasma discharge on the apparatus CX-22. In the present research was also conducted to process optimization of functionalization with the liquid precursor hexamethyldisiloxane (HMDSO).
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The Effect of Indoor Particles on Cellulose Degradation
Mašková, Ludmila ; Bartl, B. ; Smolík, Jiří ; Vodička, Petr
Indoor air pollution in libraries and archives can be harmful to paper-based materials stored there. Adverse effects caused by gaseous pollutants are well described, but less is known about airborne particles. The discussion regarding this issue mostly concerned the soiling of the paper, the possibility of surface abrasion or microbiological infestation (Hatchfield, 2002), but studies about the effect of particulate matter (PM) composition are scarce. This work was focused on the changes in the properties of cellulose-based paper caused by different size-resolved chemical components of PM.
Fulltext: content.csg -  PDF
Plný tet: SKMBT_C22015102910282 - PDF
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Organical chemicals from biomass
DOLEŽAL, David
This bachelor thesis deals with the processes of biomass as a renewable resource for the production of chemicals that could compete chemicals obtainable from fossil sources. Processing of biomass can be divided into two main approaches namely a thermochemical and biotechnological processing of biomass processes. This processing involves many processes such as hydrolysis, crushing, fermentation, combustion or high temperatures and pressures, and many other thermochemical or biotechnological processes associated with the nature of the structure of the biomass. As the most important products of biomass processing can be considered biofuels represented in my work mainly by ethanol, but also methanol and other organic chemicals such as furfural, levulinic acid and hydroxymethylfurfural derived from the processing of C5 and C6 sugars located in the fundamental structure of biomass. These organic chemicals can also serve as a chemical platform and subsequent modifications of them can get products with the same or very similar properties of the products of the petrochemical industry.
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