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Protection of human life - question of euthanasia.
KARÁSKOVÁ, Zuzana
The work focuses on reflection of problems connected with euthanasia from the perspective of human life protection. Work deals with current euthanasia discussion in society and legislativ status of personal protection. Work analying arguments of supporters and oppnonents of euthanasia.
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Mortality by cause of death: international comparison of recent trends
Filip, Jakub ; Pechholdová, Markéta (advisor) ; Langhamrová, Jitka (referee)
The aim of my work is to describe and compare changes in mortality according to classes of causes of death in the Czech Republic and selected European countries between 1994 - 2009. The work includes mortality characteristics of the Czech Republic, Germany, Estonia, Austria and Finland. The work is divided into three main parts. The first part describes terms related to mortality. The second part deals with the coding of causes of death, its history and origin. The third part is devoted to comparing mortality by cause of death, where the emphasis is on diseases of the circulatory system, malignant neoplasms and external causes.
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Atypical burials in medieval Bohemia
HLADÍKOVÁ, Miroslava
Tthis presented work is focused on a issue of atypical burials in medieval Bohemia. There are groups of people and the reasons which they led a community to such an action at that time. This work contains a summary of selected sites with the mentioned specific graves. Analysis and evaluation of character and significance of atypical burials in a medieval community is a part of this work.
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Children´s death and dying in the baroque epoche in Czech countries
SKALICKÁ, Terezie
This work refers to the questions of dying and death during the baroque epoche and is mainly focused on children?s age. It reflects the view of death and dying, conception of good death, notions of eternal life and the funeral ceremony. Within the context of infant age it ? above all ? inquires into infantile mortality, the connection between breast-feeding and the measure of mortality and the importance of baptism. It appears from demographic research on family and draws attention to the relation between the high measure of natality and mortality. It tries to find out causes of infant mortality ? population undernourishment, absence of medical care, easy spread of contagious diseases, wars and demographic crises, female condition and employment. It also inquires into the parents? attitude towards children and their death, and tries to disclose their intellectual and emotional life, whereto the analysis of memoirs by Alžběta Lidmila from Lisov helps distinctively. In relation to mortality it also doesn?t pass the situation of natural children.
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The Medical Ethics Of Terminal Care
KYLBERGEROVÁ, Radka
The main subject of this thesis is a reflection issue of the terminal care ethics. The structure of the thesis consists of four thematic units. The first part is the introduction to the concept of medical ethics: the description of the subject, the historical development and its principles. The second block of the thesis focuses on the biggest existential event of human life ? death, and the human approach to death and dying. The search for the meaning of life and for the meaning of suffering be
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Didactic report for the seniors concernig the questions of the sense of life
JÁNSKÝ, Svatopluk
The dissertation deals about the sense of life with senior people. In the theoretical part I am concerned with what means to be a senior in our society, and I pay attention to the problems of the crisis in the sense of life and of coping with the finality of human life. I also consider the meaning of spirituality and religious faith in the life of an aging man and I put questions concerning the sense and the goals of life in old age. In the practical part, each chapter is being enclosed with didactic impulses aimed at using them at seniors´ encounters.
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The Presentation of Death and Dying in The Media and The Influence of The Presentation on The Process of Forming The Attitude towards Death
KADLECOVÁ, Hana
The thesis deals with mass media and the way they treat the presentation of death and dying. Trying to find an answer to the question of whether mass media can have an impact on changing attitudes of contemporary human being to death and dying. The thesis is divided into nine parts. The first four sections form the theoretical framework and characterize today's postmodern society, typical features of contemporary human being ?s behavior, his/her perception of the world and themselfves, the influ nce of education, culture and beliefs. The thesis also deals with the position of mass media in postmodern society, and briefly describes current research on the influence of mass media on people. It mentions the most common dividing of mass media technologies into television, radio, print and the Internet. On this theoretical framework is consequently based the analysis of the presentation of death and dying in various types of media - this part of the thesis is more practically oriented and is complemented by a number of pictorial material. It tries to capture the most significant features of the presentation of death and dying on TV (news, film, advertising) and radio (news and some opinion programs), in the broadsheets and tabloids as well as on internet news, blogs and social networks and also in internet advertising. The thesis concludes that the current mass media are nearly oversaturated with the death and dy ng topic, making the viewer (reader, listener) apathetic and easily accustomed to continuously increasing greater violence. Death pictured by media is unnatural and often violent, in which significantly collides with the lived reality. Media cause devaluation of death and lower its importance, which causes declining empathy towards the diseased and dying as well as the absence of respect for the deceased.
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Perception of death in the eyes of young gipsy children
KAŇKOVÁ, Tereza
Title: Perception of death by Romani children of younger school age This thesis deals with perception of death, life after death and funeral rites by Romani children of younger school age. The theoretical part describes how death of a human is generally perceived and how it is perceived by children and the adults. The thesis then characterizes Romani culture and perception of death and life after by Romani people. The aim of the thesis was to identify perception of death and life after death by Romani children of younger school age. The practical part of the thesis utilizes qualitative research strategy applied by means of the semi-structured interview technique complemented by drawing techniques, which however served for getting into contact with the respondent, not for the analysis. The research was performed in the environment of the low-threshold facility V.I.P of the Municipal Charity České Budějovice. The target sample consisted of 10 Romani children of six to twelve years of age. We may say upon the results obtained during the research itself that Romani children do not have identical perception of death and life after death. Although they believe in the existence of heaven and hell their notion is diverse and individual (from positive perception of hell to sole belief in heaven or sole belief in hell). Belief in reincarnation does not occur among the respondents. Death is perceived as personified, sometimes it merges with perception of the god or is perceived naturalistic as a consequence of illness and old age. Soul is also perceived individually, some of the respondents do not believe in soul at all, some believe that soul is the good and only good people have it, for others it is a synonym of the heart. The respondents admit visits of the death in the lives of the alive. Romani people use funeral rites different from those of the majority society, which the children respondents described although not all of them have been at a funeral. The results of my work may be used by social workers involved in work with Romani children and young people. A funeral substantially affects lives of the Romani people and it is necessary for social workers to be sufficiently informed on this event and related habits.
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The role of nurses in the nursing care for a deceased child
KOUTNÍKOVÁ, Radka
This thesis deals with the nursing care for a deceased child and it focuses on the role of nurses, their attitudes and the way nurses care for a deceased child. In a highly professional care, it is necessary to humanize the last moments of life of a child; therefore, there are rituals that are acceptable for the dying child, the family and nursing staff. Caring for dying children is a very demanding task for medical staff and it may be divided into medical, social, psychological and spiritual care. In case of severely ill or dying children, we must identify real and potential problems, set short and long term goals, set out plans of care, provide specific nursing activities and evaluate their effectiveness and efficiency. All health professionals must work together and with the whole family. To say that life has ended is a challenging and difficult moment in the medical profession. Talking with the bereaved families requires a high level of communication skills. The entire medical team must manage this situation with dignity. The results and the theoretical part of the thesis will serve as an information resource for nurses who care for dying and deceased children. Nurses may be inspired by the thesis results, which may serve to improve nursing care in these situations. The benefits of this thesis lie in the recognition of the need for expanding the education of nurses and subsequent utilization of the acquired knowledge and skills in practice. It could also serve the employer?s reflection over the care for the staff working in such a demanding profession.
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Knowledge and skills of nurses in communicating with the dying patient.
MAŇHALOVÁ, Jana
21st century brought about a lot of beneficial scientific and medical discoveries. Thanks to modern techniques and the current medical treatment we live longer. Maybe that's why we also die a longer time. Nurses in their profession are daily confronted with the palliative care issue. This thesis deals with the knowledge and skills of nurses in communicating with a dying patient. In the theoretical part the terms of communication, dying, death are defined and the interaction between these topics is mentioned. The thesis is focused on communication in the health care provision, on specific principles of a nurse´s communication with a dying patient and the stages of dying by Elisabeth Kübler - Ross. The practical part presents the results of the research survey in graphs and tables. The research was carried out quantitatively by using a questionnaire interview. The research respondents were nurses working in hospital departments in the České Budějovice hospital, a.s. The objective was to survey the knowledge and skills of nurses in communicating with dying patients. Based on the objective, we have stated the following hypotheses: H1: I suppose that nurses are skilled in communicating with a dying patient. H2: I assume that nurses working in the department of oncology have a better knowledge and skills in communicating with a dying patient than nurses working in a standard hospital department. Based on the research the objective was met, H1 was confirmed, H2 was not confirmed. The thesis is supplemented with resources of quotations, references and the review of studied literature. The appendix contains the questionnaire, Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs and the Charter of Rights of Dying Patients. The research outcomes were assembled into a brochure that can be used as a background material for teaching communication in nursing or as a contribution to seminars and conferences dealing with these topics. The benefit of this thesis is the publication of information about the knowledge and skills of nurses in communicating with dying patients, and so pointing out this issue.
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