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Effect of fertilization on leaf anatomy of Carex acuta
HŮRKOVÁ, Drahomíra
This thesis is part of the project GA CR No 526/09/1546 ("Importance of newly assimilated carbon to the interaction of plants with soil in grassland and wetland ecosystems in varying environmental conditions"). The was focused on differences in leaf anatomy of plants subjected to different nutrient regimes. Stands dominated by C.acuta were studied in two localities - wetlands: Záblatské meadows with organic soil and Hamr meadows with mineral soil. Effect of fertilization was studied in areas subjected to doses of fertilizer of 300 kg NPK. ha-2 (HIGH treatment) and unfertilized areas (NO treatment). These doses were applied from 2006 to 2008, but not in 2009 because of continuous flooding. All leaves of C. acuta were hypostomatic. At Hamr, the average stomatal densities were 724 {$\pm$} 88 mm-2 and 820 {$\pm$} 130 mm-2 on the lower side of leaves of unfertilizer and fertilized plants respectively. At Záblatské louky, the average stomatal densities were 872{$\pm$}114 mm-2 and 849{$\pm$}125 mm-2 on the lower side of the leaves of unfertilizer and fertilized plants, respectively.
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The influence of the type of post - mining areas restoration on vertebrates biodiversity - the model group of birds
SOBÍŠKOVÁ, Kateřina
One way how to assess restoration success is to examine the biodiversity in the ``newly created{\crq}q areas. Birds have been chosen as indicators of biodiversity because of their ability to adapt and thus indicate the environmental quality. The aim of this study was to investigate and compare the biodiversity of birds in differently reclaimed areas of spoil heap in Sokolov Brown Coal Basin. A simple method of visual and acoustic observations was chosen, because it allows us to identify most species correctly without disturbing their populations. In total, 19 bird species were found. The wetland localities were the richest in bird biodiversity, the forestry reclaimed areas were the second and the poorest biodiversity was in agriculturally restored areas. The results show that wetlands are important not only for water regime and water quality of restored areas, but also for their biodiversity.
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Factors determining soil respiration rate in herbaceous wetland ecosystem
STARÁ, Alžběta
Annotation: Soil respiration represents an important flow of CO2 between atmosphere and soil. Carbon bounded in the process of photosynthesis may be fixed in soil, but also may be released back to atmosphere in the form of CO2. An accurate evaluation of global carbon balance is a key for the estimation of future development of atmospheric concentration of CO2 and prediction of climate changes. The soil respiration of selected wetland biotopes with graminoid vegetation was studied in relation to concentration of soil carbon, nutrient availability, soil moisture and soil temperature during the vegetation season 2008. The observed wetlands included a locality located near the village of Hamr with mineral soil and the nature reserve Záblatské meadows with organic soil. Soil respiration was measured as CO2 release from soil with the use of the equipment LiCor 6400 with soil chamber. The influence of fertilizer application on CO2 release was not proved for either locality. A relationship between soil respiration and soil moisture was found on Záblatské meadows, where the CO2 release declined with increasing soil moisture.
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The influence of increased nutrient input on rhizospheric effect in wet meadows´ soils
BURIANOVÁ, Jitka
This master thesis deals with increased nutrient input in two wet meadow ecosystems. The study sites were Záblatské louky with organic soil and Hamr with mineral soil are both located in nature protected area Třeboňsko. This study focuses on effect of eutrophication on direct counts of bacteria, as well as Ntot and Ctot concentrations in the rhizosphere and bulk soil. Changes of all measured paremeters were observed during the growing season 2006 -2007 in both sites. Fluctuation of Norg, N-NH4 and N-NO3 concentrations occurred as well.
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Effect of N eutrofication of wetland soils on organic N content and quality
ŠEDA, Martin
This study deals with an effect of fertilization on amount and quality of free amino acids in soil from wet meadows affected by nutrient loading. Free amino acids were analysed in the soil from the field experiment situated at wet meadows, where an increased nutrient input is simulated (fertilizer NPK). The experiment was established on two sites with different types of soil {--} Záblatí with organic soil and Hamr with mineral soil, both areas in the South Bohemia region. The soil was repeatedly sampled for more than two years and year. One part of this study is focused on testing of ninhydrine-method and HPLC-method for measuring free amino acids and efficiency of different extractants.
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