|
|
Definition of a refugee under international law
Burová, Petra ; Honusková, Věra (advisor) ; Hýbnerová, Stanislava (referee)
Refugee definition in international law The definition of the term "refugee" in international law is a very wide issue which can be conceived from many different points of view. One of the best ways how to deal with it is to focus on only one part of the generally most widely accepted definition of a refugee. This is the definition according to the 1951 Geneva Convention relating to the Status of Refugees. According to this document a refugee is a person who "owing to a well-founded fear of being persecuted for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group, or political opinion, is outside the country of his nationality, and is unable to or, owing to such fear, is unwilling to avail himself of the protection of that country..." This definition is more than fifty years old and still actual. It has been adopted in response to the Second World War and the mass refugee flood. The missing interpretation of the term "persecution", which is the fundamental element of the Geneva Convention refugee definition, is still one of the biggest problems of refugee law. The aim of my thesis is to find out whether the missing definition of the term "persecution" is really such a serious imperfection as it is brought out sometimes. I try to answer this question through researching the...
|
|
|
Migration crisis 2016 - Analysis of the current and future impact on the economy of the Czech Republic
Strýček, Jakub ; Ševčík, Miroslav (advisor) ; Pekárek, Štěpán (referee)
Thesis focuses on quantitative and qualitative analysis of incoming migrants and their human capital. Through this analysis and economic calculations, final fiscal deficit is revealed. Research is conducted by analyzing publicly available statistical data and submitting surveys to ministries and nonprofit organizations. On these data, model is bulit involving broad scope of variables for accurate quantification of any implications of the migration crisis. Main contribution of this thesis is building a model with unique basis of data providing domestic fiscal implications of a European migration crisis.
|
|
|
A comparative analysis of the Czech and German positions on solving the European migrant crisis in 2015
Szantová, Ivona ; Maslowski, Nicolas (advisor) ; Dubský, Zbyněk (referee)
The question of increasing immigration and refugee pressure in Europe has become a sensitive political and economic issues, and also subject to ideological conflicts, not only in countries that face this phenomenon most intensively, but also in those member states that are not considered to be typical immigrant states such as the Czech Republic. While during the previous crisis in the eurozone and the Greek debt crisis the division of the EU to the north and south could be observed, migrant crisis in 2015 divided the EU in another way. It is rather excessive compassion of the West on one side and xenophobic attitude of Eastern European countries on the other. Diploma thesis will examine the similarities and differences of opinions on solving the migrant crisis between the two EU member states, which represent these two ideological poles, Germany and the Czech Republic, with the regard to their international legal obligations, obligations of membership in the EU and protection of their own national interests. It will also examine what influences the formation of these opinions and what role can the phenomenon of migration crisis play in the building or a change of state identity.
|
|
|
Security strategy of the Czech Republic in relation to international migration in cause of instability and regional conflicts in and around the Euro-Atlantic area.
KORČÁKOVÁ, Simona
The theoretical part presents the various international organizations dealing with the security situation in Europe and also the immigration policy of the Czech Republic and the Federal Republic of Germany. Immigration policy in Germany is included on the grounds that in 2015 it was Germany that has become a country facing the greatest influx of migrants, to the point where the number of registered asylum seekers in the local asylum system exceeded 1 million. Germany, unlike the Czech Republic, has long-term experience in the area of asylum and immigration policy. Moreover, it tries to approach the immigration in a positive way, among others in an effort to fill gaps in the labour market. Germany takes providing assistance to people fleeing war as a moral obligation, and urges other countries to show the same solidarity. As a member state of the European Union and other organizations, the Czech Republic must act according to the rules that international communities enforce, thereby it surrenders, to some extent, its sovereignty when taking the relevant decisions. The aim of present work was to determine threats posed by the acceptance of immigrants and to propose ways to minimize these threats. A secondary aim was to compare the system of refugee reception in the Czech Republic and abroad, particularly in the Land of Bavaria, Germany, that the migration wave in 2015 affected the most of all federal states. In order to obtain the documents necessary to achieve the objectives, we started working with the landlord of an accommodation facility intended for applicants of international protection, in Goldbach (Germany). There we tracked the asylum and integration process of accommodated refugees. To compare the approach in the Czech Republic, we chose the progress and development of the Czech project Generation 21 on the resettlement of Iraqi refugees into the country. Additional information was drawn through lectures and panel discussions with experts on this issue. All the data contributed to answering the research question: whether the strategy of the Czech Republic in terms of receiving refugees has any perspective. The chapter "Results" is devoted to the EU's efforts to create a new, more efficient mechanism that would respond more flexibly than the current system of migration and asylum policy in the EU. In May 2015, the EU submitted to its Member States the "European Programme for Migration", that among others proposed so much publicly discussed mechanism of relocation, resettlement, and hotspot system and return policy. In this case, the work evaluated the proposal, using statistical data obtained from the official databases of the EU, and also thanks to the contribution of Czech experts. In addition, this chapter presents statistical data describing the process of migration waves in 2015, which are interlaced with actual data obtained directly from selected immigrants. The first reference to the applicant for international protection in Germany were foreigners from Iraq and Ethiopia, who, a half a year later, were joined by nationals from Syria. The research at the site showed the real functioning of migration and asylum system. 30 % of all asylum applicants from across the EU headed to Germany. The priority of this country was particularly its asylum policy. The Czech Republic, as a transit country with a share of less than 1% of applicants, focused on the control of illegal migration. This position was one of the factors that led to the failure of the project Generation 21. In the course of the operation this project resettled 89 refugees from Iraq, more than half of whom then renounced the asylum in order to travel to Germany. It is the secondary movement of immigrants that is threatening the existence of the Schengen area and points out the unsatisfactory effectiveness of the mechanisms proposed by the EU.
|
|
|
European migration crisis and the role of selected countries: the Czech Republic, Hungary and Germany
Ovesný, Mikoláš ; Macáková, Libuše (advisor) ; Sirůček, Pavel (referee)
This master s thesis deals with European migration crisis and the role of selected countries: the Czech Republic, Hungary and Germany. The thesis is divided into theoretical and analytical part. The theoretical part contains definitions of basic terms. For better orientation in this subject, it is crucial to distinguish between the terms migrant, refugee and spurious refugee. Another section is devoted to the theory of migration and asylum and migration policy. More extensive analytical part of the thesis is dedicated to possible causes of the current migration crisis and demographic structure of migrants. Furthermore a large part of the thesis is devoted to their level of education. In subsequent chapters the thesis deals with the impact of the migration crisis on economic and social aspects. The aim of this thesis is to analyze the current status of the migration crisis in the EU and to compare the approach of selected countries to this crisis. The comparison is included in the last chapter.
|
|
|
Forced marriage as a reason to obtain asylum in the judgements of the European Court of Human Rights
Karpíšková, Klára ; Trávníčková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Burešová, Jana (referee)
This thesis deals with the topic of forced marriage in the context of obtaining asylum in one of the European countries. The issue is approached through the case law of the European Court of Human Rights. Initially, the thesis focuses on the subjects of forced marriage and the European Court of Human Rights separately, and examines them from different percpectives relevant to refugee law. Subsequently, several criteria are selected that assist in analysing the judgements of the European Court of Human Rights, which concern requests for asylum based on forced marriage or its threat.
|
|
|
The phenomenon of refugees in the Syrian civil war
Durdisová, Marcela ; Lisa, Aleš (advisor) ; Prorok, Vladimír (referee)
This thesis deals with the current issue of refugees on the background of the Syrian civil war and its consequences for stability in the region. With regard to the fact that the crisis in Syria is felt throughout the entire Middle East region, the aim of this work is to map the impact of the conflict on neighboring countries of Syria. Based on the hypothesis, the effects of civil war and refugee phenomenon destabilize the whole region; therefore, my research question concerns political and social implications of the Syrian crisis in Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon and Turkey. The work also reveals the vulnerability of these countries, which find themselves in a dangerous situation resulting from the Syrian events. In terms of methodology, this work uses a variety of methods. My research relies especially on the methods of research, description, comparison, analysis and synthesis, historical method and interview method as well. Based on these methods, I will answer the research question through a wide range of impacts, covering security, political, social, ethnic, and economic issues of the analyzed countries.
|
|
|
Institutional Protection of Syrian Refugees Provided by United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees and its Role in Providing Solution to the Refugee Crisis
Krámková, Karolína ; Zemanová, Štěpánka (advisor) ; Novotná, Markéta (referee)
The current conflict in the territory of Syria burden almost the entire Middle East, mainly by the number of refugees who were produced. Currently, it has been the largest refugee crisis since the Second World War and therefore it raises the urgent need for international intervention. The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) holds one of the key roles, whose mandate is focused on providing international protection and humanitarian assistance. It is adapted to the primary objective, which is to assess the functioning of the UNCHR in this crisis, what specific actions it takes to provide humanitarian assistance and international protection of Syrian refugees and finally how it contributes to solution to the refugee crisis. It is an assessment of the UNHCR presence in neighbouring countries that were most affected by refugee waves and only marginally in the territory of Syria towards the internally displaced persons.
|
|
|
Formation and development of asylum policy in the Czech Republic
VAŇKOVÁ, Jana
The bachelor thesis deals with the formation of the Czech asylum policy after November 1989. Basic terms such as migration, asylum, refugee atc. are defined in the intoductory part. The developmental stages of the asylum policy in the Czech Republic are described in the second part of the bachelor thesis. The bachelor thesis deals with the legislation on asylum policy in the Czech Republic and in the European Union. The last part is focused on the organizations which help refugees who are trying to integrate and adapt to the circumstances of the Czech Republic.
|
|
|
The legal status of asylum seekers in the EU
Potluková, Pavlína ; Grmelová, Nicole (advisor) ; Šťastný, Tomáš (referee)
The purpose of the bachelor thesis is to describe circumstances relating to completion of Common European Asylum System, furthemore the work is focused on asylum procedures in developed countries. The work is divided into four chapters, the first of which explains the basic concepts of an asylum area. In the second chapter, there is depicted the development of legal status of refugees and asylum seekers, in connection with legal acts and international treaties governing the status of these persons. The issue of basic rights and obligations of asylum seekers and refugees is entrusted to the third part of work, followed by a chapter focusing on the description of asylum procedures and its results in five selected european countries.
|
guest ::
