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Cluster Analysis
Chrobák, Martin ; Ronzhina, Marina (referee) ; Kozumplík, Jiří (advisor)
This master’s thesis is engaged in usage of cluster analysis for ECG signal to separate normal QRS complexes from abnormal ones. For this, it is used two algorithms created in professional computing interface MATLAB. The outputs from this master’s thesis are dendrograms, which divide QRS complexes into abnormal and normal clusters, and Pearson correlation coefficients.
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Tolerance of DNA damage by novel biologically active platinum complexes
Vystrčilová, Jana ; Vrána, Oldřich (referee) ; Nováková,, Olga (advisor)
The anti-tumor activity of platinum based drugs is mediated by their ability to attack DNA. Platinum complexes can alter the structure of DNA by modifying the bases, mainly guanines. The biological consequnces of such interactions are compromising replication and transcription. RNA polymerase complex can stall at a damaged site in DNA and mark the lesion for repair by proteins that are utilized to execute nucleotide excision repair, a pathway commonly associated with the removal of bulky DNA damage from the genome. This RNA polymerase-induced repair pathway is called transcription-coupled nucleotide excision repair. Main goal of this thesis was to study RNA polymerases tolerance of DNA damage by novel, biologically active platinum (II) complexes involving derivatives of aromatic cytokinines as the ligands; cis-[Pt(2-chloro-6-(4-methoxybenzylamino)-9-isopropylpurin)2Cl2](PR-001), cis-[Pt(2-chloro-6-(benzylamino)-9-isopropylpurin)2Cl2](PR-002 )and cis-[Pt(2-(3-hydroxypropylamino)-6-(benzylamino)-9-isopropylpurin)2Cl2](PR-005). DNA templates (constructs) that contain a single, site-specific DNA lesion and support transcription by human RNA polymerase II and bacteriophage T7 RNA polymerase were prepared. The method is making use of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and biotin-streptavidin interactions and paramagnetic particles to purify the final product. Synthetic oligomers duplexes (75-mer, 56-mer and 15-mer) are ligated to 5´-biotin pCI-neo-G-lessT7 PCR fragment, the 15-mer is either unmodified or modified with a site-specific lesion of PR-005 and cisplatin. We also studied the inhibition of RNA polymerases activity on globally modified plasmid pCI-neo and pUC 19 by novel platinum complexes and cisplatin. We found that bifunctional adducts of complex PR-005 contrary to adducts of PR-001 and PR-002 effectively decrease amount of full lenght transcripts produced by both, human and bacterial RNA polymerases. This result can be explained by a sterical block, induced to DNA by intrastrand cross-link of PR-005 with bulky aromatic ligands.
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The current standing analysis of the complete security by an important buildings.
ULBRICH, Lukáš
Complex security of buildings of special interest brings various rules and duties that must be followed. The role these objects play on a global scale is irreplaceable. It concerns complexes of buildings or their parts that secure elementary activities. These activities ensure people's basic needs such as energy and food supplies or services provided by the state administration and other society's needs. On the other hand, it is a fact that these buildings face various undesirable phenomenons disturbing their functions on the daily basis. Terrorism is a global problem we most frequently rank among these negative phenomenons . Terrorists use various sabotage and bomb attacks that cause high number of casualties and uncountable material damages. Natural threats like hurricanes, floods any many others belong among other phenomenons. Legislative regulations serving for elimination and moderation of the consequences of these undesirable phenomenons belong to the most essential security measures. The fire safety law, regulating one of the domains of complex security, represents one of the basic laws. Other norms are incorporated within the domain of fire protection such as local ordinances or regulations. Construction and technical requirements incorporated in the construction law represent one of the next fields of complex security. Last but not least different practices securing rescue and liquidation works represent very important safety measures. They form the elementary methodics for successful evacuation and many different activities. We can name endless amount of security elements sourcing from technical and mechanical, physically present safety engines. There are for example diverse antifire gadgets, alarming and monitoring systems. We can continue by mentioning protective elements such as regime and control measures for access into the important objects and moving inside, inhibitions and many other security elements and principles. In the research part of the thesis several objectives and hypothesis were established. The aim was to make an effort to find the answer to a hypothetical question asking whether the contemporary valid principles of complex security of important objects are sufficient. The next step is to attempt, based on the ascertained facts, to outline prospective changes and improvements in the domain of buildings' complex security. The qualitative research method in the form of interviews with specialists was employed in order to fulfil these tasks. There were 10 participating respondents from the domain related to the security of buildings. The ascertained results imply several important facts. For instance, one of the major contributions was that the chosen interviewees mentioned an immense number of interesting and inspiring findings in the domain of complex security of buildings. There were several important findings. In present, security elements and principles are properly technically dealt with but there are many factors going against support of this assertion. One of them are, for example, high financial acquisition and service costs of these safety measures. Another one is quite minor activity exercised by the top management in the field of security of buildings. All these findings lead to a conclusion that complex security of buildings of special interest is insufficient. In my opinion, a possible solution would be to start talking about imminent threats such as the upper-mentioned terrorism etc. It is necessary to realize the fact that ensuring today's security is very costly but important. Desirable outcomes cannot be reached without directing financial resources at arranging complex security of buildings. By underrating security the society runs increasing risks bringing serious consequences with them as a result.
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Synthesis of magnesium(II) azaphthalocyanines as potential fluorophores
Švandrlíková, Eva ; Zimčík, Petr (advisor) ; Doležal, Martin (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Drug Control Student: Eva Švandrlíková Supervisor: Doc. PharmDr. Petr Zimčík Ph.D. Title of the diploma thesis: Synthesis of magnesium(II) azaphthalocyanines as potential fluorophores Azaphthalocyanines are macrocyclic compounds, which can exist with or without central metal (i.e. metal-free). Central metal can be chosen from a wide range of cations leading to significant changes in photophysical and photochemical properties of the macrocycle. My work is focused on magnesium complexes because of their significant fluorescence. Magnesium azaphthalocyanines are generally synthesized by cyclotetramerization reaction with magnesium butoxide. However, some azaphthalocyanines may contain labile peripheral substituents that may be cleaved in butoxides or in the case of unsymmetrical azaphthalocyanines the separation must be performed in a metal-free form. For these reasons, my work concerns with direct magnesium insertion into already prepared azaphthalocyanine macrocycle. I investigated possibilities of direct magnesium insertion with different kinds of magnesium salts, in different solvents, under different dryness of solvent, different temperature and different peripheral substitution of the macrocycle....
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Analysis of degradation mechanisms oligobutadienes
Baťa, David ; Rozsívalová, Zdenka (referee) ; Frk, Martin (advisor)
This work deals with the studies of liquid oligobutadiens properties in AC electric field by dielectric relaxation spectroscopy method. The current issue in the diagnosis of oligomeric and polymeric materials during the activity of various degradation factors and options of their alleviation and suppression was studied. The existing apparatus is modified for monitoring possibilities of polymeric materials during the action of various degradation and operational factors. Effect of climatic factors are experimentally investigated, especially UV radiation and temperature on the course of the frequency dependence of complex permittivity components with respect to the different composition and length of the polymer chain.
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QRS Complex Detection Using Wavelet Transform
Loviška, David ; Čech, Petr (referee) ; Smital, Lukáš (advisor)
The aim of diploma thesis named “QRS detection using wavelet transform” is to simplify and accelerate the work of doctors. This can be achieved by using application for QRS detection, which can use one of four proposed algorithms. Application shows basic informations about inserted electrocardiogram. Part of this program is a graphical window with displayed record and with coloured marks on detected QRS complexes. By another algorythm are marks color-coded due to accurancy percentil of every detected complex. This program is designed for a several hours record from Holter ECG monitoring.
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