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Motivace k dokončení studia - matky v nezletilém věku
Laciná, Kateřina
The bachelor thesis focuses on the issue of minors and minors of pregnant girls with ordered institutional care and their motivation to complete their studies. The aim of the theoretical part is to describe and define constitutional education in the Czech Republic based on expert sources. To define the notion of motivation in connection with under-age mothers and pregnant girls. To further describe secondary vocational schools in educational institutions and to characterize the care of minors in the Czech Republic. The material for the theoretical part is pro-fessional printed and electronic resources. In the practical part of my work, my attention focuses on specific mothers in a specific facility. The aim of the practical part is to investigate the life stories of the girls and the impact on their motivation to complete the study in the educational establishment. In order to find out the necessary information, the analysis of doc-trines and methods of polling, namely semi-structured resolution techniques, was used. The semi-structured interview was submitted to three mothers at the age of 18, who became pregnant at the time of their minority. Based on the survey results, recommendations for pedagogical practice will be developed.
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Placental homeostasis of monoamines; effect of gestation age
Mahrla, Filip ; Štaud, František (advisor) ; Vokřál, Ivan (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Student: Filip Mahrla Supervisor: Prof. PharmDr. František Štaud, Ph.D. Consultant: PharmDr. Rona Karahoda, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Placental homeostasis of monoamines; effect of gestation age Catecholamines norepinephrine and dopamine have been implicated in numerous physiological processes within the central nervous system. Emerging evidence suggests their involvement in placental development and functions and a crucial role in fetal development and programming. Nonetheless, a comprehensive characterization of catecholamine synthesis, degradation, and transport in the fetoplacental unit is still lacking. Thus, in this thesis, we aimed to provide a comprehensive evaluation of catecholamine metabolism and transport in the fetoplacental unit. Gene and protein expression was evaluated using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Western blot analysis, respectively. Firstly, using several placental cell models (BeWo, JEG-3, primary trophoblast cells), we identified components of cellular catecholamine handling associated with the trophoblast cells. Next, we determined the effect of advancing gestation on the placental catecholamine system in humans (first trimester vs. term placenta) and...
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Insulin pump Therapy compared to Insulin Pen Injections in Pregnant Women with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
Cvejnová, Michaela ; Anderlová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Krejčí, Hana (referee)
Pregnancy in women suffering from type 1 diabetes mellitus is associated with various complications and risks for both the mother and the baby both during pregnancy as well as during the delivery and in the postpartum period. For this reason, it is essential to ensure proper treatment and compensation of the disease. Proper diabetes compensation and treatment of any associated diseases before and during pregnancy is the basis for a successful pregnancy. If possible, pregnancy should be planned to coincide with a period of the best possible diabetes compensation. Treatment of diabetes in pregnancy includes lifestyle modification (diabetic diet and exercise), regular self-monitoring of glycaemia and insulin therapy with insulin pens or an insulin pump. The subject of the thesis is type 1 diabetes mellitus in pregnancy. The aim was to compare the outcomes of treatment with insulin pens vs insulin pump with regard to diabetes compensation, course of pregnancy and delivery and, lastly, foetal complications. The theoretical part of the thesis summarizes current knowledge about type 1 diabetes mellitus in pregnancy. The practical part compares the treatment with insulin pens vs insulin pump. The results are presented in form of statistical analysis of data in women treated with insulin pens or insulin...
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Caring for a pregnant woman with gestational diabetes mellitus
DVOŘÁKOVÁ, Adéla
This bachelor thesis deals with gestational diabetes mellitus and the care that is provided to women suffering from this disease. The work consists of theoretical and practical part. In the theoretical part of the work, the terms physiological and high-risk pregnancy are defined in the introduction. After explaining the concept of diates mellitus and analyzing its nature, the work focuses on gestational diabetes mellitus and its characteristics. Its etiology, possible complications, effect on the fetus, methods of examination and treatment are described. The last part focuses on the care of midwives, this part of the theoretical part of the work points to the possibilities and areas of education of pregnant women who suffer from gestational diabetes mellitus. The practical part was created with the help of a qualitative research survey. Two goals were set for the bachelor thesis. The first aim of the work was to find out what role a midwife plays in the care of women with gestational diabetes and the second to find out what knowledge pregnant women with this disease have. There are three research questions related to the objectives: "What role does a midwife play in caring for a woman with gestational diabetes?", "What knowledge do pregnant women lack about GDM?" And "What knowledge do pregnant women have about GDM?". To achieve the goals, the methodology of qualitative research was chosen in the form of semi-structured in-depth interviews. Two research groups were set up, consisting of pregnant women with personal experience of the disease and midwives caring for these women. The research itself took place during the months of March and April 2022 in the form of a personal meeting at home or in a prenatal clinic. After analyzing the obtained data, the results of the research survey were derived, which were processed into categories and subcategories. Research has found that midwives provide a wide range of education in their care for women diagnosed with GDM in addition to glycemic control, diabetes counseling, and oGTT. They most often educate about diet, diet and the principles of self-monitoring. Pregnant women often had only an awareness of the disease before their diagnosis and lacked the most information about the correctness of the diet.
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Satisfaction of pregnant women with prenatal care
KOUTENSKÁ, Michaela
This bachelor´s thesis is focused on the satisfaction of pregnant women with provided prenatal care. The thesis is composed of theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part contains a description of the origin and development of pregnancy, the prenatal care itself and the description of the examinations, which are performed under the terms of this care. Furthermore, the prenatal diagnostics is described. Subsequently, the profession of midwife and her role in the prenatal advice bureau is described. The thesis is also devoted on antenatal preparation of pregnant women. Last but not least, the theoretical part deals with the contentment of patients with provided medical care and factors, that can affect the satisfaction of patients. The quantitative research was used for the practical part. Altogether, two goals were determined for this thesis. The first goal was to find out, if the pregnant women are satisfied with the provided prenatal care. As following goal was to discover, if women are satisfied with the information given about the course of pregnancy and procedures performed in the prenatal advice bureau. Afterwards, two hypotheses were set towards the goals. The first hypothesis is: "The multiparous women are satisfied with the prenatal care more than primiparas." This hypothesis is not valid. The second set hypothesis is: "Women with secondary and lower education are more satisfied with the given information than women with higher vocational or higher education." This hypothesis is valid. The questionnaire survey emerged that 66,3 % of respondent are overall satified with the provided prenatal care. However, with the given information in basic area of care in the prenatal advice bureau were not always satisfied approximately 10 % of respondents. On the other hand, with the information about the procedures performed were satisfied 66,4 % of respondents. The results of research in this bachelor´s thesis can serve as feedback for providers of prenatal care in the Czech Republic in order to increase the satisfaction of their clients. Moreover, this thesis can also be used as informational material for pregnant women just when choosing some prenatal advice bureau.
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The changing needs of women during pregnancy
VAŇKOVÁ, Támar
The bachelor thesis deals with the issue of changing needs during pregnancy. It is divided into a theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part describes pregnancy and the impact it has on a woman's needs. The thesis delves into different aspects of needs according to 11 functional health patterns by Marjory Gordon. The goal of the practical part was to find out how pregnant women deal with the changes to their needs. Two research questions were posed, the first: Which of the needs do the women feel is the most difficult to fulfill?, and the second: Who do the women most frequently turn to when it comes to issues about fulfilling their needs? Data was obtained through qualitative research which took place in March 2022. The research was carried out through semistructured in-depth interviews. Ten pregnant women took part in the research. Their age range was 25-37. For women F3, F4, F5, F7, F8 it was their first pregnancy. For women F1 and F2 it was their second pregnancy, and for women F6, F9, F10 it was their third time being pregnant. The interviews were recorded using a mobile phone and consequently transcribed using a pen and paper method. The research shows that the needs women find the most difficult to fulfill were the need for rest and sexual need. F2, F5, and F7 had problem with excretion. For F7 it was difficult to realize that she was more irritable during pregnancy. For F4 and F6 it was difficult to deal with the changes in needs during pregnancy because they affected the women's relationships with the outside world. The research further shows that the women most often used the internet to search for information. Apart from that, in case of problems F3, F4, F8 a F9 would turn to their family and friends. Another source was literature and the woman's occupation - F7 is a midwife. The women also sought information with their gynecologists, and lastly they would use their own knowledge from previous pregnancies. F1, F2, F3, F4, F5, F6, F8, F9 and F10 accepted the changes to their needs. The women expected the changes, viewed them as natural and as a part of pregnancy. However, F7 could not accept the fact that pregnancy affected her behavior and made her more irritable. She consulted this change with her psychotherapist. Other ways of dealing with the changing needs were to look for information about pregnancy and to share the changes with loved ones or professionals (a psychotherapist, gynecologist, midwife). The women also took measures which helped them deal with certain needs. For example, due to constipation F2 increased her fiber intake and drank more water. The benefit of this thesis is the possibility of presenting the acquired data at seminars for midwives.
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The role of a midwife in supporting woman's partner during pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium
ČEJKOVÁ, Tereza
This bachelor thesis dealt with the topic of the role of midwives in supporting a woman's partner during pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium. The thesis consists of two parts, namely the theoretical part and the research part. In the theoretical part there is information about pregnancy, childbirth, puerperium and related issues. Education, involvement of the woman's partner and his cooperation with the midwife are issues that this bachelor thesis deals with. In the research part of the bachelor thesis, a quantitative method was used for data collection. The data was collected using a questionnaire consisting of 48 questions, of which 25 were closed, 9 semi-closed and 14 open questions. In the introduction, there were sorting questions. Next, the questions were divided into three basic areas: pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium. The questionnaire was directed for men whose wife already gave birth. The questionnaire was distributed online, via the social network Facebook and via a direct link and sent to men of an unlimited age category whose wife already gave birth. A total of 120 men participated in the research. The questionnaire was processed using Microsoft Excel. Answers were processed using graphic representation accompanied by a verbal description. In this work, we set 1 goal: To find out what is the role of the midwife in supporting the woman's partner during pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium. For the research part, 3 hypotheses were established. The first was to find out whether a partner who is educated by a midwife during pregnancy in a woman perceives this period more positively than a partner who is not educated about the period of pregnancy. Here, a dependence was not found between the partner's awareness of the course of pregnancy in a woman and a more positive perception of this period. The second hypothesis was to find out whether a partner who is educated by a midwife during the period of childbirth in a woman perceives this period more positively than a partner who is not educated about the period of childbirth. Hypothesis number two has been confirmed. The third hypothesis was to find out whether a partner who is educated by a midwife in the postpartum period in a woman perceives this period more positively than a partner who is not educated about the postpartum period. Hypothesis number three has also been confirmed.
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Awareness of university students about pregnancy after the age of 35.
KLOFÁČOVÁ, Petra
The topic of this bachelor thesis is ´ Awareness of university students about pregnancy after the age of 35.´. The thesis is divided into two parts, a theoretical one and a practical one. The theoretical part describes what changes a female body goes through during pregnancy, what planned parenthood is and how fertility changes with regard to age. Furthermore, the theoretical part mentions the methods of assisted reproduction and possible risks connected to assisted reproduction, risk factors related to the mother after 35 years of age, risk factors for the baby and last but not least, being educated by the midwife. The practical part of this bachelor thesis has used a quantitative survey using a self-structured questionnaire. The questionnaire consisted of 28 questions. In total, one objective was chosen for this thesis. The objective of the thesis was to: ´Map out university students´ awareness of the issue of pregnancy after the age of 35´. Subsequently, two hypotheses were set together with the objective. The first hypothesis says: ´Awareness of pregnancy risks after the age of 35 is greater in university students focusing on health care than in students focusing on other study subjects´. This hypothesis is valid. The other hypothesis says: ´Awareness of pregnancy risks after the age of 35 is greater in female university students than in male university students´. This hypothesis is not valid. The research file consisted of a total of 225 university students. The respondents were split, based on gender, into males (22.70%) and females (77.30%) and further on based on their study subject focus - medical (23.50%) and non-medical (76.50%) subjects. 76.90% respondents understand pregnancy after 35 years of age to be one of the pregnancy risk factors. 64.40% respondents have stated that pregnancy after the age of 35 is risky. The most frequent reason for postponing maternity is, according to the respondents, financial independence mentioned by 90.20% of respondents. The bachelor thesis survey results are showing that both, male and female university students have got rather a poor awareness of risks connected to pregnancy after the age of 35. Thus, the results may serve as feedback to pre-natal care providers in the Czech Republic, but also to schools where this topic should be studied. At the same time, this thesis may serve as information material to high school as well as university students when studying issues related to pregnancy, planned parenthood, postponed motherhood or assisted reproduction.
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Knowledge of 8th and 9th grade elementary school students about reproductive health
CHRSTOŠOVÁ, Vlasta
The Bachelor thesis entitled Knowledge of pupils in 8th and 9th grades in primary schools about reproductive health focuses on the level of awareness of pupils aged 13 -16 about the issues of menstruation, safe sex, contraception, pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases. The theoretical part of the bachelor's thesis describes health and its division into reproductive and sexual. It also describes the reproductive organs of women and men, menstrual periods and menstrual devices, sexual intercourse, and the possibilities offemale and male contraception, as adolescents need to know how to protect themselves from unwanted pregnancies and sexually transmitted diseases. There are therefore individual chapters devoted precisely to sexually accurate diseases, pregnancy and abortion. The final chapter deals with the education of pupils on reproductive health issues and the role of midwives in the educational process. In the research part of the bachelor s thesis, a quantitative method was chosen as the method of research investigation. The data was collected through a questionnaire distributed to respondents on the social networking site Facebook. The questionnaire consisted of 36 questions, of which 23 were closed, 12 were semi-closed and 1 was open. The data obtained was processed and evaluated using Microsoft Excel and SPSS computer programs. Graphs showing the responses of boys and girls in the 8th and 9th grades of primary schools have been produced for each question. The research pool consisted of 101 respondents. Of the 8th grade, a total of 36 respondents were 7 boys and 29 girls. Of the 9th grade, a total of 65 respondents were 13 boys and 52 girls. The aim of this work was to find out what boys and girls of the 8th and 9th grades had knowledge about reproductive health, i.e. menstruation, safe sex, contraception, pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases. 3 hypotheses have been established for the research part. The first hypothesis was to determine whether girls in 8th grade had greater knowledge of reproductive health than boys in the same year. This hypothesis has been disproved. The second hypothesiswas to determine whether girls in the 9th grade had greater knowledge of reproductive health than boys in the same year. The second hypothesis was disproved. The third hypothesis looked at whether 9th graders had greater knowledge of reproductive health than 8th graders. This hypothesis has been confirmed.
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Frequency of blood groups at the AB0 blood group system in patients diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus
FÜRSTOVÁ, Petra
The bachelor's thesis "Frequency of blood groups at the ABO blood group system in patients diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus" focuses on the issue of blood groups at the ABO blood group system and gestational diabetes mellitus. Today, the number of pregnant women diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus is still growing. This is mainly due to the increasing age of pregnant women, which is the current trend. Another risk factor is an overweight, which more and more Czechs and especially Czech women suffer from, as a result of their unhealthy lifestyle. The context between the blood group at the ABO blood group system and the diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus has not yet been sufficiently investigated in the conditions of the Czech Republic. The main aim of the study was to determine whether there is a connection between the blood groups at the ABO blood group system and the diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus. The aim has been met. The results of the study show that there is no connection between the blood groups at the ABO blood group system and the diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus. In the investigative part of the bachelor's thesis, a set of pregnant women´s blood samples was examined in laboratory examinations. The blood group from the blood group system ABO (A, B, AB and O) was identified for each woman. Pregnant women were also examined for diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus - that is, whether or not pregnant women were assigned a diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus. The frequency of diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus at particular blood groups of the ABO blood group system was statistically evaluated, for example, using the chi-square test and Fisher's exact test. The investigative results of the bachelor thesis can serve as an information source and can be used for other investigative purposes.
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