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Vliv výživy matky na vývoj plodu
Vašková, Petra
This thesis deals with the importance of the diet of pregnant women during pregnancy on the developing fetus. Sufficient and proper nutrition before and during pregnancy is important to allow fetal growth, to mental and intellectual development of the full potential. Nutrition affects fetal health during childhood and adulthood, with possible impact on the next generation. It is emphasized the importance of essential nutrients, macroelements and microelements, which are important in pregnancy, along with diet recommendations. Unbalanced, inadequate or, conversely, excessive intake of individual food components, or consumption of risk aliment may lead, for example, to congenital malformations, low birth weight, in serious cases even to abortion. The main goal of this thesis is to describe the importance of the individual components of the diet in pregnancy, give current scientific information on the effects of maternal nutrition on fetal development, assess the risks, arising from the lack or excess of certain ingredients and propose a recommended daily dose of nutrients.
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Dietary supplements with adaptogenic effects
Izraelová, Alexandra ; Vespalcová, Milena (referee) ; Souralová Popelková, Miriam (advisor)
The aim of this thesis was to design a recipe for the dietary supplements with adaptogenic effects, production, and subsequent analysis (proteins, lipids, carbohydrates), which led to the determination of the energetic value of preparation. Adaptogenic effects are the domain of plants and fungi, known as adaptogens. Adaptogens act non-specifically to the human body - improve the overall condition of the body, accelerate healing and regenerative processes, slow degenerative processes in the body and thus the aging process. As biogenic active stimulators, they affect not only in the physical but also in mental area. Dietary supplements have been designed in three different forms - capsules, syrup, drops. The analysis was also performed in tablets of Vietnamese origin supplied by supervizor, of which entry to our market is being considered. Protein content was determined by Kjeldahl method, lipids by Soxhlet extraction, saccharides by gravimetric method. Dietary supplements were analyzed for heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Hg), and in herbal drops ethanol content was determined.
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Evaluation of selected dietary supplements - climacterium
Tobolková, Blanka ; Vránová, Dana (referee) ; Zemanová, Jana (advisor)
A dietary supplement is a product that contains nutrients (e.g. vitamins, minerals, herbs, amino acids or fatty acids) intended to supplement the diet. The aim of the diploma thesis was to suggest a prescription for preparation of three types of dietary supplements which are used to reduce of climacteric symptoms, their production and determination of energetic (nutrition) value on account of detected content of proteins, fats and saccharides in dietary supplements. A part of the diploma thesis was to suggest suitable wrapping and price of prepared dietary supplements. The three dietary supplements were used for analyses, namely capsules, herb syrup and herb drops. The content of proteins was determined by Kjeldahl´s method, total fats were determined by Soxhlet extraction and saccharides were determined by titration with potassium permanganate (Bertrand´s method). Dietary supplements in form of capsules were particular analysed on content of heavy metals (lead, cadmium and arsenal). In herbal drops was in addition determined alcohol content (ethanol). There was from the measured data found out, dietary supplement in form of capsules was chosen as the product with the lowest energetic (nutrition) value.
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L-ascorbyl-6-palmitate and its utilization in dietary and cosmetic supplements.
Palíková, Petra ; Zemanová, Jana (referee) ; Vránová, Dana (advisor)
Bachelor‘s thesis deals with the effection of antioxidants in foods and cosmetics supplements. Some antioxidants as vitamin A and beta-carotene, vitamin E and tocopherols and vitamin C as L-ascorbic acid and her derivate L-ascorbate-6-palmitate are described here. This derivate can by used as an accessory material in cosmetics and foods preparations, especially in the preparations that contain oil or fats, because as a lipophilic compound keeps them from getting rancid.
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Role adipokinetic hormone in fruit fly \kur{Drosophila melanogaster}
KUTHANOVÁ, Michaela
The aim of the thesis was evaluation of the adipokinetic hormone (AKH) effect on the fruit flies Drosophila melanogaster with AKH production deficiency, and adenosine receptor dysfunction. A nutrition level was measured in those flies to evaluate involvement of AKH and adenosine into the metabolic pathways. Results revealed that application of external Drome-AKH significantly increased the free glycide level in the fly bodies. On the other hand only limited effect of hormonal treatment on other nutrients (lipids, proteins) was recorded. The role of adenosine was unclear, but its involvement cannot be excluded.
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Unsaturated fatty acids in the diet of inpatients
KONHEFROVÁ, Veronika
The thesis with the name "Unsaturated fatty acids in the diet of inpatients" is divided into a theoretical and a research parts. The theoretical part is focused on sorting out lipids and the recommended daily dosing. Next there are described the chemical structure of fatty acids and basic differences between saturated (SFA) and unsaturated (trans and cis) fatty acids. The biggest part of the theory is formed by the unsaturated fatty acids, their characteristics, food source and their effect on people´s health. Dietetic system and its future development is described in the final part. The research part analysis took place in the Centre for prevention of lifestyle diseases in České Budějovice. It was analysed nine fourteen-day diet plans, which are most frequently served in the Jindřichův Hradec hospital, PLC. The research diets are 0 (liquid diet), 1 (mushy diet), 2 (soft diet), 3 (well-balanced diet), 4 (low-fat diet), 9 (diabetic diet), 9/2 (diabetic soft diet), 11 (nutritious diet) and 13 (diet for teenagers). The aim of this thesis is to calculate the amount of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in the most frequently served diets of hospitalized patients in the Jindřichův Hradec hospital, PLC, with the help of the nutrition software Nutriservis Profesional/NutriDan and to compare the amounts of both MUFA and PUFA in the particular diets. The results of my analysis show that none of the diets meets the recommended SFA:MUFA:PUFA ratio (<1:1,4:>0,6). In the majority of ratios is the amount of SFA:MUFA about 2:1,4. That means that the diets contain quite high surfeit of SFA. However MUFA:PUFA ratios except diet 0 (both two weeks) and 2 (second week) are above the minimum recommended references, it can be said that these diet's compositions aren't so bad. Only it would be appropriate to reduce SFA in diets, which would improve ratios according to the recommendations. This finding corresponds to the Research question number 1 about the real distribution of unsaturated fatty acids in individual researched diets. The Research question 2 about the total fat intake in each diet is answered as follows. Diets differ in the representation of total fat grams for each day according to standard of Jindřichův Hradec hospital, PLC. Diets 1, 2, 4 have fluctuating levels of total fat and are largely below the references. The diet 0 does not even meet any hospital recommendations for any day, the other diets, 3, 9, 9/2, 11 and 13 have the fat excess. The fat excess is given with the excess of saturated fat acids in diets and a significant part will be probably formed by a NutriDan undefined component of fats (the difference between total fat and SFA + MUFA + PUFA). I assume that those are the trans-unsaturated fatty acids. The results of this thesis will help the nutrition therapists from the Jindřichův Hradec hospital, PLC as a feedback, so that they could improve the percentage of unsaturated fatty acids in their diets according to the recommendations of nutrition companies.
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Gastrointestinal diseace of senior people in relation to lifestyle
TICHÁ, Anděla
Main thought of this work is research of digestive apparatus of senior people in relation to (healthy) lifestyle. In introduction I explain basic terms connected with nutrition, health, illness and prevention. In the next chapter I put attention to identify health condition and signals that human body gives when it not getting all that it needs. The content part of this work is focused on determinants that influence our health. I put attention to complex point of view. Reader will get information what is the optimal drinking regime, what macronutrition and micronutrition body needs, what it the categorization of those and what food we can get those from. I go to detail in needs of movement, rest, sleep and mental hygiene. This material generalizes actual needs of healthy lifestyle that can be used as help, to build and to strengthen in long term right habits for health and vitality.
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Dietární opatření při chronické pankreatitidě
Pavková, Lucie
Chronic pancreatitis (CHP), along with the acute form of the inflammatory diseases of the pancreas. While acute pancreatitis (AP) is really a matter with which one can meet only once in your life, mortality is still 25-30 %. Unlike acute pancreatitis, a chronic disease of this type is defined as a condition in which there is a permanent loss of external secretory function of the pancreas replacing the function of the pancreatic parenchyma tissue. I have chosen the CHP directly to pointed out the seriousness of this disease that affects more and more people and attention to external and internal factors that this disease can both positively and negatively influenced. There is diet as an important factor. That includes strict dietary measures which are necessary for patients with this disease. I explore the possibilities of diet and construct a suitable diet for each stage of the disease with the help of nutritional therapist.
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