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The Natural Law Conception - its potentiality and limitations
HOSKOVEC, Michal
This diploma thesis deals with the Thomas Aquinas´s Conception of Natural Law. The fundamental content of thesis is the Czech translation and critical Commentaries of English written articles. Thesis is divided into three parts. There is a theoretical foundation for Natural Law Conception and Thomas Aquinas themes in the first part, the Critical Commentaries of translated articles in the second part and the translated articles in the third part of diploma thesis. Translated articles are the philosophy studies of Natural Law and its relation to the Lawmaking, the Logic of Ethical Discourse and the Human Rights. There are copies of original English written articles as diploma thesis attachments.
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New religious movement in connection with observance of the human rights
NAGYOVÁ, Michaela
The current society is fast-moving, materialistic and consumer-oriented. A man thus exists in the centre of chaotic changes of the modern world which he/she tries to escape. At that moment the person may fall an easy victim to new religious movements which may approach people and offer fulfilment of their expectations. A new member of a religious group, who is continually supported, thus becomes ever more dependent on the new environment in which he/she feels contentment. Leaders of new religious movements (Czech acronym NNH) are able to manipulate such dependent victims and force them to things and acts, which may lead to violation of basic human rights. Therefore the purpose of the thesis was to identify those human rights which might be violated by some new religious movements and to map the awareness among the general public of observation of human rights in the new religious movements. The research consisted of qualitative and quantitative parts. The praktical part of the thesis confirmed the hypothesis I: Violation of some human rights may be encountered in new religious movements. This hypothesis was confirmed based on results of the qualitative part of the research, which used the content analysis method. The method was used to analyze articles from the following periodicals: Právo, Šíp, Mladá fronta Dnes, Lidové noviny, Regionální deníky and the internet portal Idnes. The qualitative part of the research also included interviews with members of the religious society Jehovah´s Witnesses. The surveyed group consisted of 5 individuals who responded to questions relating to their teaching (e.g. rejecting of blood transfusion). Adequate data for the quantitative research were obtained by an inquiry method {--} opinion poll. The opinion poll was conducted among the residents of Český Krumlov and České Budějovice and it was supposed to confirm or to rebut the hypothesis II: The general public does not have sufficient awareness of which basic human rights may be violated by some new religious movements. After analyzing the acquired data the analysis was confirmed. This bachelor thesis might be used as a material for the general public to increase its awareness of new religious movements in connection with human rights. Consequently, it may also serve in prevention, which is in the area of new religious movements still at a low level.
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Capital Punishment in Its Ethical Concept
ŠIMKOVÁ, Iveta
Capital punishment and consideration about justice has been spread throughout our society for its enitre existence. The death penalty is the only punishment which deals with human life and. with the exception for the legal and criminological aspects, it involves moral and philosophical views, as well. This thesis attempts to examine the ethical attitudes towards capital punishment of the members of the Police of the Czech Republic, as well as that of the city police. The main topic of my thesis is a survey of ethical assessment of the capital punishment. The theoretical part of my thesis deals with the history of capital punishment, various ways in which executions take place, the documents which are connected with the death penalty and human rights. It deals with the ethical and philosophical views, as well as the statement of the Roman Catholic Church. There are many arguments (pros and cons) regarding capital punishment. The practical part of my theis will examine the ethical views of members of the Police of the Czech Republic and city police who are on duty in Třebíč. The method of quantitative analytic research has been applied. The questionnaire survey and its assessment have been used. The chosen respondents are members of the police.
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Human rights in relationship between Vatican and the United Nations.
BREINDL, Filip
This dissertation deals with a Catholic churches sight of nomenclature and exercise of the human rights, namely in comparison with the activity of the worldcommunity couched in the United Nations. The dissertation shows development of church attitude towards definition and nomenclature of the human rigths from the world authority, and presents answers of Catholic doctrine to current problems in this area - for example disunited definitions, difficult exactablement and other. Thesis of this dissertation should to show, that the Christianity fundamentally contributed to currently formulation of the human rights, which is holded for example in UN-documents. Also at the present time can the Catholic church enter very expertly in this discusion, videlicet thank to hundreds of years old teaching about imago Dei, common good, heritage of the 2nd Vatican council and others documents from 20th and beginning of 21st century or ivolvement of the Holy See in the United Nations or other places from world diplomacy.
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The application of ethical principles in relation to clients in social institutions run by church organizations or non-church organizations
CHMELOVÁ, Pavla
This thesis deals with the application of ethical principles in social work and comparing denominational and non-denominational social facilities. Great emphasis is put on the relationship between social worker and client. It is divided into a total of 6 chapters. The first chapter deals with the explanation of basic ethical concepts related to the work, which makes an easier reference to the following chapters. The second chapter involves the division of church and non-church organizations concerned with social care and describes their organizational structure and comparison. The third chapter is devoted to human rights, along with a related code of ethics and its importance as well as criticism. The fourth chapter refers to the values in social work and the values in the relationships between social workers and clients. The fifth chapter defines the concept of quality of life, human dignity and the related social work. The final chapter about the relationship of man to himself, to the client and the Christian concept of man.
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The Human Rights and their Recources
SILOVSKÁ, Marcela
The thesis deals with the theme of human rights. It offers a basic survey of the development of human rights. It explores a historical development of human rights and contemporary conception of this term. It analyses sources of human rights and documents on human rights; it focuses on protection of human rights in the World. The fourth chapter focuses on protection of human rights in the Czech Republic and on the activity of non-governmental organizations working in the field of human rights in the Czech Republic.
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Specificity of work in sheltered workshops and possibilities of their services in the Czech republic and USA.
JINDROVÁ, Zdeňka
Taking care of people with disabilities is dated back to history. Nowadays there are many ways how to take care, socialize and integrate people with special needs. For people with some handicap there are number of fences at the same time, which are impossible to break through without help of the other people. We can also find out that people with disabilities are exposed to some kinds of discrimination. The most severe fence for those people is that they have got nearly closed access to the labour market. People with disabilities belong in disadvantaged groups at the labour market and they are suffering from long-term unemployment. Sheltered workshops are one way how to integrate those people. People with health problems and with changed working ability work there. Working in the sheltered workshops isn{\crq}t only earning money. It is also a place where especially the disabled people can become members of society and can gain new experience. I tried to find out similarities and differences in running of chosen sheltered workshops. Based on my stay in Massachusetts, USA I chose to concentrate on describing non-government, non-profit organization called Road to Responsibility, Inc. In the Czech Republic I chose for the same purpose Domov sv. Anežky, o.p.s. in Týn nad Vltavou. In theoretical part of thesis, I concentrate on the problems of disability. I am describing history of care of people with disabilities, the types of disability, socialization and last, but not least jobs opportunities and self{--}fulfillment of peoplewith disabilities. The practical section of thesis is divided into two parts. In part one I am describing running of the chosen companies and their sheltered workshops and in part two I am graphically displaying found information. I chose to do research two different ways. The first one was secondary data analysis and content analysis. I also collected information from interviews, in which I talked to employees and managers of the workshops. Before I started collecting data I chose what information I want to find out, what documents I want to study so I will get the result I wanted {--} to find out the similarities and differences of the chosen workshops in USA and in Czech Republic. The information were e.g. rights and obligations of the clients, the founders of those companies, what do they offer, personal security, qualifications of employees, rates of pay for people with disabilities and last but not least what types of workshops each organization runs. Based on the information I collected, I realized, that certain differences between Road to Responsibility and Domov sv. Anežky exists. The main difference is different rates of pay for people with disability for their work. Another difference is how the rights of clients are exercise. I can declare that both my hypothesis were correct. I am convinced, that my work points out the similarities and differences, which exist in sheltered workshops in the Czech Republic and USA. But of course it is not the whole view of how the community works.
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The Struggle for the nature of Human Rights
Bednář, Miloslav
The Author contradicts basic human-civic rights to by now ideologically preferred social and human rights and criticizes the European Union´s political and ideological mainstream for privileging the later at the expense of basic human-civic rights and liberties.
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Czech-Cuban Relations and the Issue of Human Rights
Staňková, Markéta ; Veselý, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Matějka, Zdeněk (referee)
Thesis deals with the development of relations between the Czech Republic and Cuba. It focuses particularly on their relationship at the time of bipolarity and in current relations takes into account the issue of human rights which is the major determinant of their relations. One of the chapters concentrates on the relationship between the European Union and Cuba. The goal of the thesis is to analyze, how the Czech Republic can influence events in Cuba and its possible transition to democracy.
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