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Community care in psychiatry
BÍNOVÁ, Romana
Abstract Diploma thesis deals with the issue of community care in psychiatry and its objective is to describe the importance of a nurse in providing this care. Community psychiatric care is a very wide area of an intermediary patient assistance designed to help the patients in any areas of their lives. Although in the Czech Republic community care has not achieved the appropriate development yet, its benefits for patients are important now and its importance has been growing. In the theoretical part, after a brief introduction to community care issues, history, principles, but also community care connection with nursing care, are mentioned. Subsequently, attention is paid to particular areas of community care that are important for the mentally ill and the role of a nurse in these areas is described. The approach to the mentally ill, the issue of stigmatization and psychiatric care organizations are mentioned. In the theoretical are part, psychiatric illnesses that may occur in community care are also analyzed and it is explained how community care may be beneficial for psychiatric patients. In the practical part, the objective was to find out the level of psychiatric nurses´ awareness of community care and to determine if they see the sense of community care in psychiatry. Making a survey of community care in which nurses can be involved was another objective of the work. The nurses´ responses to the stated hypotheses were statistically analyzed within quantitative research. The purpose of hypotheses stated was to determine whether nurses with the work experience longer than ten years are more likely to believe that psychiatric care is more beneficial for patients than hospitalization., And also, if nurses with an education higher than secondary have better awareness of community services provision. Other hypotheses were focused on finding out whether nurses consider the most common community care services issue in the Czech Republic to be housing promotion and if nurses aged over thirty years are more aware of the nurses´ role importance in community care. None of those hypotheses were confirmed. The hypothesis assuming that nurses obtain more information on community care from the Internet and literature than at workshops was confirmed. Psychiatric nurses working in mental homes in the South Moravian region and the Vysočina region took part in this research. A component of the practical part is also an analysis of community services in these regions. In both the regions 13 civic associations and community centers were mapped.
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Optimization of network flow monitoring
Žádník, Martin ; Lhotka,, Ladislav (referee) ; Matoušek, Radomil (referee) ; Sekanina, Lukáš (advisor)
The thesis deals with optimization of network flow monitoring. Flow-based network traffic processing, that is, processing packets based on some state information associated to the flows which the packets belong to, is a key enabler for a variety of network services and applications. The number of simultaneous flows increases with the growing number of new services and applications. It has become a challenge to keep a state per each flow in a network device processing high speed traffic. A flow table, a structure with flow states, must be stored in a memory hierarchy. The memory closest to the processing is known as a flow cache. Flow cache management plays an important role in terms of its effective utilization, which affects the performance of the whole system. This thesis focuses on an automated design of cache replacement policy optimized to a deployment on particular networks. A genetic algorithm is proposed to automate this process. The genetic algorithm generates and evaluates evolved replacement policies by a simulation on obtained traffic traces. The proposed algorithm is evaluated by designing replacement policies for two variations of the cache management problem. The first variation is an evolution of the replacement policy with an overall low number of state evictions from the flow cache. The second variation represents an evolution of the replacement policy with a low number of evictions belonging to large flows only. Optimized replacement policies for both variations are found while experimenting with various encoding of the replacement policy and genetic operators. The newly evolved replacement policies achieve better results than other tested policies. The evolved replacement policy lowers the overall amount of evictions by ten percent in comparison with the best compared policy. The evolved replacement policy focusing on large flows lowers the amount of their evictions two times. Moreover, no eviction occurs for most of the large flows (over 90%). The evolved replacement policy offers better resilience against flooding the flow cache with large amount of short flows which are typical side effects of scanning or distributed denial of service activities. An extension of the replacement policy is also proposed. The extension complements the replacement policy with an additional information extracted from packet headers. The results show further decrease in the number of evictions when the extension is used.
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Právní a zdravotně sociální aspekty činnosti OSPOD jako ustanovených opatrovníků v zámu nezletilých dětí
BORSKÁ, Jana
The Czech Republic as a signatory of the Convention on the Rights of the Child has vested the practice of state administration in the field of care for minor children to municipalities with extended powers, where the protection of the rights and legitimate interests of minor children is safeguarded by state authorities of social and legal protection of children (ASLPC hereinafter). These authorities are incorporated to the extent laid down by the Act on Social and Legal Protection of Children (Act No 359/1999 Coll., as amended). The position and roles of ASLPC and their competence and jurisdiction are also regulated by the same act. The position of workers of these authorities and its legal embodiment is equally important. Regarding professionality, there are high demands on these workers. In the Czech Republic, significant changes in legislature have been made over the past three years. These amendments have led to the strengthening of the rights of minor children and to the establishing of new tools for their protection. In connection with the adoption of new substantive regulation of family law, which is now exhaustively dealt with by the Act No 89/2012 Coll., the Civil Code, new procedural rules have been established regarding protection of rights of minor children. Such procedural legislation includes (apart from the long-existent Act No. 99/1963, the Code of Civil Procedure) the Act No 292/2013 Coll., on Special Civil Proceedings. The decision-making regarding minor children has been vested mainly by the state into the competence of courts. The courts appoint the locally relevant ASLPC as a guardian who then represents the interests of minor children. The purpose, interwoven with and derived from the first one, was to explore the opinions of selected social workers of ASLPC and of district court judges regarding the defined problems occurring during the work of ASLPCs and courts while protecting the interests of minor children. These particularly include: the use of the tool of precautionary measure; problems of different territorial jurisdiction of courts and ASLPCs; processing of complaints regarding bias in various phases of the proceedings; professional training of workers of ASLPC It is evident from the proposals of both judges and ASLPC workers that it is necessary to unify territorial jurisdiction. The courts are suggesting the priority criterion of the address where the child mainly resides. ASLPC workers suggest the official permanent residence as the prime criterion. Bias causes problems in all phases of proceedings. It is obvious that courts take differing approaches towards the solution of this problem (some courts solve the problem of bias complaints filed by the parties while other courts do not) and for ASLPC workers it is difficult to assess how to act when such complaint is raised against them. The training of ASLPC workers - workers are obliged to educate themselves and their employer is obliged to finance such training. Not all ASLPCs are able to provide training in the required extent - due to financial reasons (the average costs of education of one employee pose from 9,169 to 13,400 CZK annually and they cover approximately 6 days of training). The heavy work-load caused by insufficient numbers of ASLPC employees prevents them from completing such compulsory training. As part of the examination of the "participation of a collision guardian in court proceedings" it has been found out that irregular participation of the worker in the proceedings (absence from participation in appeals proceedings); incomplete reports (directed to courts) from surveys in families. Based on comprehensive examination of the problems of territorial jurisdiction, it was recommended that requests are independently recorded and financial compensation is provided for ASLPCs who are requested to represent minors in front of courts, to draft proposals for precautionary measures.
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Book of abstracts. International symposium on experimental methods and numerical simulation in engineering sciences 2016
Kytýř, Daniel ; Zlámal, Petr ; Jiroušek, O.
The International Symposium on Experimental Methods and Numerical Simulation in Engineering Sciences continues the tradition of the Czech-German bilateral symposium founded by prof. Karl-Hans Laermann and prof. Stanislav Holý in 1985. In the following years, the symposium was extensively developed by prof. Josef Jíra. The symposium shall bring together mainly young scientists who are actively involved in experimental solid mechanics, theoretically and practically, in order to exchange experience, to report on the present state-of-art as well as on running research projects, to discuss due questions and problems and to promote the co-operation between individuals as well as between institutions. Therefore in the symposium discussions will play a highly significant role.
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Specificity of insect-plant associations and their role in the formation of plant defenses and speciation
VOLF, Martin
The aim of this dissertation is to investigate what role insect-plant interactions play in the formation of host-plant defenses and in the diversification of both groups. We show that various groups of herbivore respond differently to host-plant defenses. Therefore plant defenses diversify into suites of complementary traits, as individual traits fail to provide protection against specialized herbivores. Further, we identify what levels of host-phylogeny shape the food-web structure of insect herbivores. We show that specialized herbivores are affected mainly by the terminal parts of the host-phylogeny. In contrast, more polyphagous guilds are affected mainly by the mid-levels of the host phylogeny because the effects of terminal or deeper phylogeny seem to be surpassed by other factors in more generalist insect species. In the last chapter, we show how specialized insect-plant interactions generated by tight insect-plant coevolution can influence the speciation in plants over environmental gradients.
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Role fosforu v biologické aktivitě kryogenních půd
ČAPEK, Petr
The combined effect of temperature, moisture and phosphorus availability on soil organic matter mineralization in permafrost affected soils of northern circumpolar region was investigated. This study was a part of research activities of the European project CryoCARB and it was primarily focused on the cryoturbated organic horizons of permafrost affected soils. During this study, the temperature sensitivity of the organic matter mineralization and its relation to the soil moisture and phosphorus availability was investigated using series of incubation experiments and field measurements.
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Mechanochemical Preparation of Alumina-Ceria
Jirátová, Květa ; Spojakina, A. ; Tyuliev, G. ; Balabánová, Jana ; Kaluža, Luděk ; Palcheva, R.
Ceria containing catalysts play an essential role in heterogeneous catalytic processes. However, ceria shows poor thermal stability and low specific surface area and therefore, many studies have been done to improve its properties by combination with other oxides. Alumina-ceria is substantial component of the three ways catalysts, due to the ceria ability to function as the buffer of oxygen and to enhance the oxygen storage capacity of the catalysts. Ceria in these catalysts also functions as structural promoting component, increasing alumina stability towards thermal sintering. Promising method of oxides preparation, very interesting and simple but not sufficiently studied yet is a mechanochemical synthesis. Here we report on the synthesis of nano-sized alumina, ceria and ceria-alumina of various compositions by a wet solid phase mechanochemical reaction of hydrous aluminum, and/or cerium nitrate with ammonium bicarbonate after addition of a small amount of water. The aim of this contribution is to study processes being in progress during synthesis of the mixed oxides, interaction between components and their mutual effect on the properties of resulting products. The phase evolution during mechanical milling and the subsequent heat treatment of precursors were studied by X-ray diffraction, DTA/TG, H2-TPR, NH3-TPD, CO2-TPD, N2 adsorption at -195°C, IR, and XPS spectroscopy. Alumina and mixtures of alumina with different quantities of CeO2 (1- 18 wt. %) were synthesized by mechanochemical method from aluminum nitrate, cerium nitrate and ammonia bicarbonate.
Fulltext: content.csg - PDF Plný tet: SKMBT_C22015083108560 - PDF
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Characteristics of the working behavior of Czechs and Ukrainians
BYKOVA, Sofia
The aim of this work is to create a transparent and comparable characteristics of the work behavior phenomenon within the cultures of those states - what is common and what is different between them, or maybe incompatible .It is supposed to have some analysis of possible conflicts and their connection with the mentality. The primary reason of this aim choosing is the specialty I study. My work contains information that could be interesting and useful not only for me and my future job, but also for managers and other employees. Overview of examined issues contains specific points, such as the fundamentals of economic psychology and behavioral economics (symbiosis of psychological and economic opinion on motivation and rationality of individuals), theories of motivation and reaction to different occurrence, characteristic of the term "mentality", general points about the human impact of the world economy. For realizing the goals of my work the following hypotheses have been proposed - Czech and Ukrainian mentality have significant differences, though these cultures are close. - Ukrainian and Czech employees are able to work effectively in a team and find a "common language" in the workplace. The difference in mentality does not obstruct on it. - Employers could be interested in the Ukrainian employees taking into account their high concernment and motivation. All three of the hypotheses were confirmed by observed data and comparison of mentality characteristics. Czechs are often tolerant to other cultures, moreover Ukrainian culture is not much different and does not create difficulties in the working relationship. Based on the fact that the chosen company has no conflicts associated with work behavior and differences in mentality, it's hard to define my contribution to this organization work.
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Human and social capital in primary education
KOKŠTEIN, Jiří
The thesis contains a theoretical insight into the studies that the issue of human and social capital involved from different perspectives, engage their evolution over time, their measurability, examine them, and complemented with other evidence. This part contains relation of human and social capital in relation to the aging of the human population and focuses on the human capital of older workers. Theoretical study ends with an insight into the basic education, the role of teacher and seeks to provide information on surveys already conducted in the area of education, which in the application of serve for me compared to the data obtained from the survey. The application part is focused on the teaching staff of primary schools. Education in currently globalized world, changing not only its content but also methods and forms of work. Irreplaceable role in this process is played by educators. To meet all the demands placed on them, it is essential that they pay close attention to their continuing education and sharing of acquired education, which is essential to the growth of human and social capital, because they are interacting. The work examines selected sample of teachers and approaches to this issue by detecting what is education motivates them whether they are satisfied with the benefits of educational events, what type of education they prefer etc. Working findings further analyzes looking for relationships between age and sex educators according to the hypotheses . Educator is someone who is in constant contact with other people. This of course also formalizes its attitudes and experiences. As a human being perceives the views of society and shapes on her own views, which it subsequently may influence the exercise of his profession. Therefore, in this part of the thesis is dedicated to exploring and bridging social capital, which determines the size of the circle of people with whom the teachers generally meet and interact. The last research that is possible to find thesis, it is perceptions of social status of teachers by themselves.
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Distribution of CD46 and β1 integrin molecules with respect to different membrane structures of the sperm head
Šebková, Nataša ; Frolíková, Michaela ; Děd, Lukáš ; Dvořáková-Hortová, Kateřina
CD46 protein plays an important role during fertilization and its role is associated with acrosome stability. CD46 is probably involved in signalling pathways triggering the acrosome reaction (AR). It also associates through membrane integrins with specific MAP kinases involved in the AR. Our aim was to monitor the dynamics of relocation of CD46 and β1 integrin during sperm maturation and its preparation for the fertilization. The dependence of this localization changes on the dynamic of actin cytoskeleton was studied. Our results show the changes in the localization of these proteins associated with the AR and their co-localization was observed using proximity ligation assay. After the AR CD46 and β1 integrin spreads across the sperm head, entering the post-acrosomal compartment, and permeates the borders of different domains. It was shown previously that actin dynamics is necessary for acrosome reaction-associated translocation of Izumo1 protein that is required for sperm-egg fusion. Therefore Latrunculin A was used during sperm incubation. The co-incubation of capacitated sperm with Latrunculin A leads to a decrease of the percentages of sperm, which express relocation pattern after induced AR. 3D models and visualizations of potential membrane processes responsible for the relocation of proteins from the acrosomal area to the other compartments of the sperm head were prepared. Our results deliver new information that proteins CD46 and β1 integrin undergo dynamic relocation towards the sites of sperm-egg fusion during the AR in vitro. The inhibitor of actin dynamics abrogates significantly the AR-associated changes in proteins localization. We speculate that this relocation is of importance for the successful sperm-egg interaction, adhesion and subsequent gamete fusion.
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