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Gastrointestinal nematodes in wild ruminants from Czech Republic
Heinclová, Pavla ; Langrová, Iva (advisor) ; Vynikalová, Lucie (referee)
This study is focused on the occurrence of gastrointestinal nematodes in cervids in the Czech Republic. The aim of the study was to determine the species composition of gastrointestinal nematodes of roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) and fallow deer (Dama dama) . Research on presence of parasites in the digestive tract of roe deer and falow deer was done by using autopsy which was performed in the laboratory of the Department of Zoology and Fisheries FAPPZ CULS Prague according to K. I. Skrjabin.
Autopsy material was extracted from small intestine of the captured pieces during the years 2009 - 2014. Research was done on 15 deer coming from Central Bohemia, Ústí and Liberec region. For determination were used microscope and determination key. Among determination characteristics determined in females include overall length of the body width, shape and size of the vulva, the presence of flaps, vulva distance from the anus, the shape of the end of the body. Males observed features: overall length, size and shape of spicules, gubernaculum.
Among the common features observed included the formation of the pharynx and oral capsule. Each of the nematode was measured and incorporated into species and genera. Result shows nematodes: Trichostrongylus capricola, Nematodirus fillicolis venulosum and Oesophagostomum, Cooperia pectinata and subsequently evaluated prevalence.
From the results of the autopsy of the small intestine shows that the highest prevalence rate among deer and fallow deer reaches Trichostrongylus capricola (60 %) and Nematodirus filicollis (20 %). The lowest prevalence consistently achieve Oesophagostomum venulosum and Cooperia pectinata (6.7 %). The prevalence was consistent with studies carried out in other European countries. In comparison with studies in the Czech Republic with Trichostrongylus capricola was compared to another research from 2008 to decrease prevalence.
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Evaluation of selected properties of mineral fibers-based board, including the design of suitable purposes of its application
Sýkora, Radim ; Böhm, Martin (advisor) ; Múčka, Martin (referee)
This thesis evaluates properties of board based on mineral fibers. In first part of the thesis is conducted analysis of the literature, where are described materials based on basalt fibers. Here is also explained production of basalt fiber and its practical applications. Sandwich materials and materials with great fire resistance based on wood are also looked into. Following part describes options of aplication of materials with great fire resistance and mechanical a physical properties of materials based on wood.
Second part of the thesis lays out methodical approach to individual performed mechanical and physical tests. Characteristic of examined material is included. The last part deals with test results, comparing results with other selected materials, debating results and proposing possible applications of examined basalt board. With use of found data is evaluated suitability of the material for use for construction of sandwich panel.
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Torrefaction of biomass for energy use
Sverkunová, Kristina ; Ivanova, Tatiana (advisor) ; Krepl, Vladimír (referee)
The Bachelor thesis is focused on torefaction of biomass for an energy use. It describes the technology including basic reactors, compares wet and dry torefaction and used materials that can be used for an agricultural waste. In the thesis I compared advantages and disadvantages of torefaction considering all hydrophobic, grindability and emission of greenhouse gasses.
Second and the important part of the thesis is the recent commercial use of biomass. Data are mainly taken from the SECTOR study, which was made in March 2016. So it can be considered as a recent data. This part is also concentrated on possibilities of faster development of this technology thanks to the commercial use. It is also explaining the importance of norms, which have not been regulated yet.
The conclusion refers to the main assets of this technology, when the usage of fossil fuels and its more ecological substitutes are discussed. I mentioned the problem of a carbon footprint is connected to a possible raise of wood materials import, that will be unavoidable in order to satisfy expected demand for year 2020.
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Alternative energy concept of the new house
Kašková, Eva ; Malý, Michal (advisor) ; Kateřina, Kateřina (referee)
The thesis "Alternative energy concept of the new house" deals with securing energy house, including its heating and hot water. In the theoretical part they are evaluated climatic and geological conditions of land for building a house in relation to the use of energy from renewable sources. Further requirements are set for construction materials of the house. This section also defines the concepts of renewable energy resources and their use.
The practical part is devoted to a particular family home. Captures the structural description of the object, evaluate specific site for the house and provides the energy characteristics of the house. Elaborated proposals for alternative energy concepts family house using renewable energy forms Jard work. The proposed variants are evaluated in terms of economic efficiency and return on investment. Through the methods of multi-criteria decision is made selecting the most optimal variant. In the last chapter of the practical part are evaluated the results and the investor is to ensure thermal comfort and water heating in new family house advised to invest in a heat pump air / water.
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Support of regional development through the Local Action Group Podchlumí
Jezberová, Zuzana ; Hejnák, Václav (advisor) ; Marcela, Marcela (referee)
The Diploma thesis deals with issues of the support of regional development through the Local Action Group Podchlumí, r.a. (LAG Podchlumí).
The goal of this thesis was to explore the contribution of the LAG Podchlumí to quality of life of residents and business development. Assessment of the influence of LAG on regional development has been based on the existence and implementation of the Program of rural development program of the Czech Republic Axis IV. LEADER, which leads to an improvement of management and to mobilization of the natural inner potential of countryside. The Program of rural development represented the main financial source for fruition of LAG projects in the previous programming period.
In this thesis, activities of the LAG Podchlumí and local subjects for support and development of partnership of residents and for public, business, and non-profit communities have been analysed. Implementation of own projects, through which the versatile development of the region, life improvement of residents, increase the attractiveness of the region has been evaluated. In order to get an independent and objective evaluation, an anonymous questionnaire has been conducted among residents of the region Podchlumí. Further, personal observation of the region Podchlumí, a study of professional literature as well as of internal materials of the LAG has been done. The hypothesis that the Local Action Group Podchlumí plays an important role in development of partnership of public administration of municipalities, agricultural subjects, independent agricultural as well as non-agricultural enterpreneurs, and non-profit organizations has been verified on the basis of analysis of realized activities. Support from the Program of countryside development to the region Podchlumí, Measure IV.1.2 Realization of local development strategy, contributed to achieving improvements in quality of life of residents. The greatest support was given to appearance of communities and quality of infrastructure, development of public facilities and services. Financial resources were spent also on modernization and development of agricultural as well as non-agricultural business. In comparison with other LAGs in the district Jičín, the LAG Podchlumí supported the greatest number of projects through the measure IV.1.2 of the Rural development program on realization of local developing strategy. It has been found by means of evaluation of the anonymous questionaire among residents of the region that residents perceive improvement of appearance and life of communities but they are not aware of the fact that many projects have been implemented with the contribution of activities of the LAG Podchlumí. For this reason, the LAG Podchlumí should focus more on propagation of its own activities. Residents of the region are interested in surrounding of their villages.
It is possible to made conclusion that the results of analysis of activities of the LAG authenticated and confirmed correctness of the hypothesis that the Local Action Group Podchlumí plays an important role in development of partnership of public administration of municipalities, agricultural subjects, independent agricultural as well as non-agricultural enterpreneurs, and non-profit organizations.
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The renovation of historical parks near the small feudal residences on the example of the study of the renovation of the castle garden in Doudleby nad Orlici in Eastern Bohemia.
Faltysová, Lenka ; Buttry, Ivana (advisor) ; Jakub, Jakub (referee)
The aim of this work is the processing methodology and presentation process how to restore monuments of garden art. On the example of the revitalization of the castle garden immovable cultural monument Castle Doudleby nad Orlicí, based on the study of literature, similar interventions and the analysis and interpretation of various types of archival material the current quality of historic garden was evaluated. It is based on field survey, which consists of dendrological research, analyzing the authenticity of trees and appreciation of all the collected documents, historical sources and professional literature. Concept recovery of castle garden is based on the expert authority´s binding point of view of the state care of historical monuments.
Renaissance castle in Doudleby nad Orlici is located in the eastern part of the town on a slightly raised hill on the right bank of the River Divoká Orlice. There was a wooden medieval fortress with the farmyard on this place in the 13th century. Sr Mikuláš from Bubno started to build a hunting lodge in the Renaissance style as villa in 1588, which was finished in 1590. The significance of Renaissance residence, which complement the early Baroque elements from the late 17th century, is enhanced by the opulent and impressive sgraffito - carpet pattern covering all external and internal frontage, restored in 1886 by Kirchner. The tall chimneys are the part of decoration in the courtyard decorated with sgraffito as well. The chateau complex is formed along its circuit of farm buildings and residential buildings. Building of castle itself is separated by a park with old trees and newer lawns (Hieke, 1984).
Castle park in Doudleby nad Orlicí was founded in 1809 in compositional continuity of the Renaissance castle building. The park forms one organic complex with the castle. The promoter strived, like in the castle rooms, to demonstrate here his wealth, his sense of art and his botanical-dendrological knowledge. The park is designed as a narrow disposition in landscape style and it is composed as a long vista to the castle. The area of the landscape park is 3.76 hectares nowadays.
The literature search is especially dedicated to the Renaissance and its relationship to the garden art. The monument care in the Czech Republic and the activity of professional organization of the monument care of the National Heritage Institute in Josefov is introduced in this section.
The methodological guide describes the used bolsterings and resulting outputs on the basis of them are implemented of such measures, which will help to improve the health and vitality of existing promising trees and new plantings of trees, which are consistent with the original composition with emphasis on the rehabilitation and upgrading of historical value of the object. Treatment of trees and supplementary planting will be done within the frame of total revitalization of the castle park.
The practical unit describes the current status of vegetation monuments of garden art. The inventory trees is the essential tool for analyzing the current status of vegetation monuments of garden art. Inventory, which should provide quality base for a draft recovery, should also be addressed in certain parts with characteristics of individual species (Krejčiřík, 2015).
The results of field investigation were completely recorded in the graphical output.
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Small-scale biogas technology in Southeast Asian countries: current state, bottlenecks and perspectives
Roubík, Hynek ; Banout, Jan (advisor)
Biogas produced via the anaerobic digestion (AD) of organic waste materials is considered as an important technology in improving the environment because it solves waste management problems and simultaneously produces biogas as a main product and digestate as a by-product, which can also be used as a fertilizer.
Within the rising expectations for the substitution of fossil energy with renewable energy as one of the solutions to cope with climate change, the environmental aspects of small-scale biogas plants, as widely used method for energy creation, should be evaluated in a holistic and systematic way. The use of small-scale biogas plants is mostly common for energy creation from waste in Southeast Asia.
This source of energy is mainly lauded for its low costs, clean production and high fertilization effects of digested matter for crops. There are number of advantages of small-scale biogas production on farms, including also savings on firewood or fossil fuels and reduction in odour and greenhouse gas emissions from using other fuels. However, biogas plants are often poorly managed and there is lack of proper distribution systems for biogas. That results in methane being release inadvertently through leaks in digesters and tubing, and intentionally when production exceeds demand. As methane has a global warming potential 25 times higher than that of carbon dioxide, environmental advantages of small-scale biogas plants might be compromised.
This dissertation intends to provide in-depth understanding about the issue with taking into accounts possible risks. Investigating of such a topic is within continuing concern about small-scale biogas technology in rural areas of developing countries. For this reason technical, social, economic and environmental assessment of small-scale biogas technology will be done. Methods of data collection will consist of questionnaire survey and focus group discussions among randomly selected owners of biogas plants, semi-structured personal interviews with local authorities and facilitators and observation. Furthermore, prediction of future development of this technology will be created.
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Renovation of waste water system in selected municipality
Mociková, Monika ; Houška, Milan (advisor) ; Lenka, Lenka (referee)
It is necessary to consider the increasing problem of the environment and better quality of people living. This thesis focuses on modernization of the system, which cleans the wastewater in municipality of Kout na Šumavě. These days it is taking place the second phase of building a sewerage system, that would be partly financed from European Union funds within the operation program of Environment. The thesis is split into two main parts.
The first theoretical part contents the basic theory, where are described the financial funds, the basic theory of the wastewater treatment and also the problematic of multi-criteria decision making and it´s methods. Mentioned methods relate to solving the problems of decision-making situations. The second practical part performs particulary solution of the given problem. In the practical part are used all identified findings and background materials for evaluation and for selection the right decision making situation. This would be solved by application of mathematical methods. All identified results, that used mathematical methods, are evaluated and suggested to the representatives of the municipality. They referred the results to the general contractor.
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Technical and Economic Aspects of the Thermal Insulation of Buildings
Kocová, Dana ; Kopecká, Lenka (advisor) ; Kic, Pavel (referee)
The thesis intends to create a basis for deciding the efficiency of implementation of saving measures meaning thermal insulation of buildings and for defining their benefits. This study is made on two typical objects demonstrates a development of requirements for thermal properties of the building construction and evaluates a possibility and suitability of using of different insulation methods. It proposes acts to meet current thermal engineering requirements. Performing the calculation of unit prices are counted implementation costs and return of investments for additional measures. The thesis gives investors a source material for their investment plan for buildings thermal rehabilitation and assesses the benefits.
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Economic evaluation of selected investments
Klíma, Jindřich ; Homolka, Jaroslav (advisor)
The main topic and goal of this diploma thesis Ekonomické zhodnocení vybraných investic is the evaluation of the certain economic investment in weatherproofing of the school canteen building in Kynšperk nad Ohři using data and information given by the management of this elementary school.
For evaluation were used different statistical methods that take into consideration not just period of time but also a point of view of a long-term return on investment. This thesis deals with other possibilities which could lead to better utilization of investment comparing accessible sources during the implementation.
The last part of this thesis deals with whether the investment was used properly and if the using of chosen materials and technologies was the best way of the profitability.
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