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The market for narcotics: Policy and Theory
Strnadová, Iveta ; Šťastný, Daniel (advisor) ; Janíčko, Martin (referee)
The content of this work is analysis of black market with drugs to determine how and to what extent the market can be eradicated. In the first part of my work I define the black market, analyze the basic causes of origin and its consequences for society. In the following section I examine what measures the governments do in this area. Furthermore, I focus on the views and recommendations of economists, and finally make a comparison of their recommendations with the implementation of policies in this area.
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The Economics of Drug Prohibition
Řepík, Martin ; Šťastný, Daniel (advisor) ; Bolcha, Peter (referee)
Abstract The Prohibition represents a worldwide approach to drug trafficking and using, that are generally judged as evil, to which it is necessary to face. Although the drugs like alcohol or tobacco are legal and ordinary part of social life, a range of substances available on free market at the beginning of 20th Century became outlawed. In an effort to eliminate illegal drugs there was declared war on their production, distribution and consumtion in order to protect citizens, public health and to minimize social costs. The aim of this paper is to examine whether the drug prohibition is able to achieve its goals, to analyze its effects and real causes for negative impacts of drugs to society and to find who in fact the drug policy bring the benefits to.
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Comparison of alcohol and drug prohibition in USA
Rozšafný, Michal ; Běláčková, Vendula (advisor)
Content those work is the comparison of alcohol and drug prohibition in USA. The work is divided by three parts. First two are devoted to charakteristics of particular prohibitions. Third part address to separate comparison. Here are compare single effects, which brought alcohol and drug prohibitions. It is possible find differences in production and distribution, in different influence on health of man or in development of organized crime. The work is completed for ilustration of several objective graphs.
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Economic Analysis of Prostitution Market
Dědková, Lucie ; Písař, Pavel (advisor) ; Stočková, Olga (referee)
The bachelor essay concentrates on the economic aspect of prostitution. At the beginning the essay briefly deals with history of one of the oldest professions in the world and its position in society. The essay thinks of the notion of prostitution from the point of view of economics as a possible free choice of behaviour, free decision making of an individual and using his own body as he thinks that it is acceptable. Then the essay tries to study how the market for prostitution, where the adults make a business with sex, operates and which factors can influence particular subjects on this market -- supply and demand for free sex for money. Marginally the essay is interested in description of several segments of prostitution market (private, streetwalking, night clubs, escort) and the role of the third part of business -- mediators. The main point of view concentrates on alternative policy of the government (prohibition, legalization) and analyzing not only the economic and social impact of these policies on the prostitution market but also the other effects which are jointed with prostitution - trade with human beings, violation, spreading of sexually transmitted diseases.
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Prohibition vs. decriminalization - two different approaches to the drug abuse problem
Tomány, Lubomír ; Šťastný, Daniel (advisor) ; Hudík, Marek (referee)
The main subject of this study is a comparation of two different policies which are used to cope with the drug abuse problem - prohibition and decriminalization. Example is set on the U.S. and the Netherlands. First, each policy is described in detail. Subsequently, both policies are compared according to criteria of the drug use prevalence and the direct costs related with them. The Netherlands, which applies decriminalization, has maintained lower drug use prevalence than the U.S for long time and in almost all kinds of drugs and age groups. Moreover, Netherlands it achieves at the same or lower relative costs. Yet, the higher drug use prevalence does not prove ineffectiveness of policy prohibition. It seems that the U.S. is more likely to have higher prevalence due to more general tendency of using drugs in population. The study also shows that the decriminalization can be linked to increase of drug use that followed its introduction in Netherlands.
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Drug policy of czech republic: myths and dearly paid reality
Štika, Ondřej ; Písař, Pavel (advisor) ; Vebrová, Ludmila (referee)
The thesis aims to make reader acquainted with basic principles of economical theory applied to drug prohibition and to describe the substance of government based on reducing reducing drug offer in Czech republic. Affinity between expenses and resulting effects that prohibition bears is being analyzed based on available data. We can notice that tax payer pays not even for battle against drug dealing , but even for drug addict healthcare, lawsuits penitentiary , whereas effects of these correctional measurements might be weak.
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The impact of regulations on the alcohol sale
Skalníková, Věra ; Pardupa, Martin (advisor) ; Lipka, David (referee)
Důvodem pro stanovení regulací jsou patologické jevy, které spotřeba alkoholu či drog způsobuje. Hlavním úkolem mé práce je zjistit, zda regulace mají vliv na snižování spotřeby regulovaných látek. Zda efekty plynoucí z omezování přístupu k daným látkám skutečně převyšují náklady a ztráty, které regulace přináší. Chtěla bych zjistit, jaká míra regulace je efektivní. Budu se snažit najít odpověď na otázku, zda stát a jeho orgány jsou natolik efektivní institucí, aby mohly zastávat takovou dominantní roli, jako v dnešní době zastávají.
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Test-Tube babies: how the market restores the hope
Foblová, Daniela ; Šíma, Josef (advisor) ; Lipka, David (referee)
The diploma thesis analyzes market in human reproductive cells - men's sperms and women's eggs for use in assisted reproduction. The topic of this diploma thesis arises from the increasing infertility and urgency of the assisted reproduction in the modern society. This paper is divided in two parts. The first part of this paper describes a historical development of assisted reproduction and than economic theory that is applicable to the human reproductive cells market namely the theory of the prohibition and the theory of the price regulation. Second part analyzes three different reproductive cells markets -- American, British and Czech market. Second part also discus arguments and criticism of the free human organ markets included human reproductive cells market. This paper brings integrated summary based on arguments evaluating free trade with human sperms and eggs.
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Regulace vs. Prohibice
Mádr, Marek ; Běláčková, Vendula (advisor) ; Lipka, David (referee)
Tato práce je věnována pojmům regulace a prohibice. Práce je rozdělena do dvou hlavních částí (teoretické a praktické). Závěrem teoretické části jsou vyhodnoceny dopady regulace a prohibice a argumenty pro a proti jejich aplikaci. V druhé, praktické části práce jsou pojmy regulace a prohibice znázorněny na praktických příkladech trhu s drogami a trhu s farmaceutiky. Výsledkem této části práce je zjištění, že aplikace regulace a prohibice vede k diametrálně odlišné informovanosti spotřebitelů, směřuje k odlišným typům produkce a distribuce a odlišnému vývoji cen v čase na obou trzích.
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Jak funguje černý trh s drogami
Gryčová, Marta ; Šťastný, Daniel (advisor) ; Chytilová, Helena (referee)
Tato práce se pokusí přispět k primární analýze ilegálního trhu s drogami odhadem cenové elasticity poptávky a nabídky. Shrnuje základní ekonomické poznatky, které popisují danou oblast, aplikuje odhadovaná data spotřeby, objemu prodeje, cen apod. do teoretických ekonometrických modelů a nakonec zhodnotí jejich platnost. Prozkoumá dostupnou literaturu (zejména v případě nepříznivých výsledků pro danou teorii) a vyhledá i jiné aspekty ovlivňující konzumaci drog ve společnosti v různých zemích, od kulturních (tradic, zvyků), přes socioekonomické až po psychologické. Zhodnotí, zda zkoumané modely dané aspekty zahrnují. Rozdělí je na faktory determinující poptávkovou a nabídkovou stranu. Určí, zda mají na jednotlivé subjekty a prvky trhu pozitivní či negativní vztah. Nakonec uvede příklady některých legalizačních, regulačních a prohibičních opatření a evaluuje je, zda vedla či nevedla ke svým předem definovaným cílům a zda nevyplývají z ekonomických teorií efektivnější alternativní řešení. V rámci této analýzy zkoumá vztah mezi vládními výdaji na protidrogovou politiku a spotřebu drog v populaci a také zda akce typu "war on drugs" jsou v tzv. source countries efektivní. Upozorní na nutnost provádět pravidelné průzkumy mezi drogovými uživateli, neboť právě nevýhodou prohibice je neschopnost přesně trh popsat.
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