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Low cycle fatigue behaviour and fatigue crack initiation in MAR-M247 at 700 °c
Šulák, Ivo ; Obrtlík, Karel ; Hrbáček, K.
The second generation nickel-based superalloy MAR-M247 offersa satisfying combination of fatigue and creep properties and oxidation and corrosion resistance that arerequired for application at elevated temperatures in hostile environments. The microstructure consists mainly oftheface centred cubic γ matrix and ordered γ ́ strengthening precipitates (L12crystal structure). The present work focuses on low cycle fatigue (LCF) behaviour of polycrystalline nickel-based superalloy MAR-M247 at high temperature. LCF tests were conducted on cylindrical specimens in symmetrical push-pull cycle under strain control with constant total strain amplitude and strain rate at 700 °C in ambientair. Cyclic stress-strain curvesand fatigue life curves in the representation ofplastic strain amplitude vs. stress amplitude andstress amplitude vs. the number of cycles to failure, respectively,were plotted and compared with data obtained on Inconel 713LC. Special attention waspaid to the investigation of crack initiation in MAR-M247 during low cycle fatigue. Crack initiation sites were studied by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in dual beam microscope TESCAN LYRA 3 XMU FESEM equipped with focus ion beam (FIB). Specimens’ surface observations revealed the formation of pronounced surface relief indicating localisation of plastic deformation.Observations in transmission electron microscope (TEM)confirmed localisation of cyclic plastic deformation in persistent slip bands along {111} slip planes. Fractographic analysis revealed fatigue crack initiation sites. Fatigue crack propagation in stage I was typical of smooth facets up to 500 μm long.
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Extremely low cycle fatigue life of magnesium alloy
Novák, Marek ; Věchet, Stanislav (referee) ; Zapletal, Josef (advisor)
The goal of this bachelor´s thesis is to predict the fatigue life of magnesium alloy AZ61 in the very low cycle count range (less than 100), which also called extremely low fatigue (ELCF) range. Life prediction predicted by Manson-Coffin´s law is higher than the experimental values show. The main problem is that the slope of the real life curve in the ELCF range is different than the slope of the predicted one. A new regression function with additional material parameters has to be found to match the experimentally measured values. The thesis deals with the literature search of the ELCF range and models of fatigue life prediction in the said range. Furthermore, in the experimental part of the thesis, magnesium alloy AZ61 without any heat treatment has been measured for mechanical and fatigue properties. Also, the microstructure of the alloy was observed. Measured values of fatigue life in the ELCF and LCF range were fitted by a regression function proposed by L. Xue.
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Low cycle fatigue research and application in nuclear industry
Sehnal, Dominik ; Kuželka, Jiří (referee) ; Hůlka, Jiří (advisor)
Fatique life extension of nuclear powerplants lies in the search for project reserves. This work deals with the evaluation of low-cycle fatigue of nuclear installations of the VVER type and the assessment of the influence of the computational model level. Fatigue tests of austenitic steel using optical method of digital image correlation for which the evaluation procedure is designed and used is performed. Selected model of plasticity with kimenatic (Chaboche) and combinated hardening (Chaboche, Voce) are calibrated from the obtained data. Subsequently, the durability of the test specimen is determined by computational modeling for different material models. From the comparison of the results of fatigue tests with the calculation, the material models suitable for the description of fatigue life and their validity are determined.
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High Temperature Deformation Mechanisms
Heczko, Milan ; Gröger,, Roman (referee) ; Spätig, Philipp (referee) ; Kruml, Tomáš (advisor)
Dvě pokročilé vysoce legované austenitické oceli s Fe-Ni-Cr matricí byly studovány za podmínek nízkocyklové únavy jak za pokojové tak vysoké teploty. Široká škála experimentálních a charakterizačních nástrojů byla použita ke studiu vzájemně souvisejících aspektů zahrnujících chemické složení slitin, mikrostrukturu, deformační mechanismy a celkovou odezvu materiálů na externě působící zatížení. Klíčové mechanismy a faktory definující mechanické vlastnosti a výkonnost v reálném provozu byly analyzovány a diskutovány v souvislosti s materiálovým designem. • Standardní únavové experimenty byly provedeny za pokojové teploty a teploty 700°C. Byly získány křivky cyklického zpevnění/změkčení, cyklické deformační křivky, Coffin-Manson a Wöhlerovy křivky. • Ke studiu změn mikrostrukturního stavu slitin v důsledku cyklického zatěžování za pokojové a zvýšené teploty byla použita široká škála technik charakterizace pomocí elektronové mikroskopie. • Únavové chování, pevnost a cyklická plastická odezva studovaných materiálů byla vysvětlena v souvislosti s mikrostrukturními změnami a mikrostrukturními aspekty deformačních mechanismů jak za pokojové tak za zvýšených teplot. • Bylo zjištěno, že Sanicro 25 vykazuje nejvyšší pevnostní charakteristiky ze všech materiálů stejné třídy. Výjimečné vlastnosti této slitiny jsou spojeny s populacemi dvou typů nanočástic, koherentními precipitáty bohatými na měď a nanočásticemi typu MX s charakteristikou disperzoidu. Tyto nanočástice mají klíčový vliv na pevnost a celkovou cyklickou odezvu. V důsledku interakcí s precipitáty způsobujících zachytávání je pohyb dislokací v Sanicro 25 významně zpomalen, což vede k potlačení normálních procesů zotavení obvykle vedoucích ke změně uspořádání dislokační struktury tak, aby byla celková vnitřní energie systému co nejnižší. Takové uspořádání je tvořeno například dislokačními buňkami. Jelikož jsou procesy zotavení potlačeny, dislokační struktura za vysokých teplot je charakteristická homogenní distribucí dislokací o vysoké hustotě s velkou mírou vzájemných interakcí. V kombinaci s dalšími mechanismy zpevnění jako jsou precipitáty a substituční prvky v tuhém roztoku, tyto deformační mechanismy vedou k významnému zvýšení cyklické pevnosti za vysokých teplot.
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LOW CYCLE FATIGUE BEHAVIOR AND FATIGUE CRACK INITIATION IN MAR-M247 AT 700 °C
Šulák, Ivo ; Obrtlík, Karel ; Hrbáček, K.
The second generation nickel-based superalloy MAR-M247 offers a satisfying combination of fatigue and creep properties and oxidation and corrosion resistance that are required for application at elevated temperatures in hostile environments. The microstructure consists mainly of the face centred cubic γ matrix and ordered γ´ strengthening precipitates (L12 crystal structure). The present work focuses on low cycle fatigue (LCF) behaviour of polycrystalline nickel-based superalloy MAR-M247 at high temperature. LCF tests were conducted on cylindrical specimens in a symmetrical push-pull cycle under strain control with constant total strain amplitude and strain rate at 700 °C in ambient air. Cyclic stress-strain curves and fatigue life curves in the representation of plastic strain amplitude vs. stress amplitude and stress amplitude vs. the number of cycles to failure, respectively, were plotted and compared with data obtained on Inconel 713LC. Special attention was paid to the investigation of crack initiation in MAR-M247 during low cycle fatigue. Crack initiation sites were studied by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in dual beam microscope TESCAN LYRA 3 XMU FESEM equipped with focus ion beam (FIB). Specimens’ surface observations revealed the formation of pronounced surface relief indicating localisation of plastic deformation. Observations in transmission electron microscope (TEM) confirmed localisation of cyclic plastic deformation in persistent slip bands along {111} slip planes. Fractographic analysis revealed fatigue crack initiation sites. Fatigue crack propagation in stage I was typical of smooth facets up to 500 μm long.
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Influence of residual stress on pressure vessel part fatigue life
Boleloucký, Václav ; Vincour, Dušan (referee) ; Létal, Tomáš (advisor)
This bachelor’s thesis deals with the impact of a residual stress, caused by an applied cyclic pressure, on fatigue life of a pressure vessel part (flat end–cylinder connection). Bachelor’s thesis includes the design of the pressure vessel according to CSN EN 13 445 regulations, analytical solution in Maple software, from which stresses and deformations are determined. Then the results of the analytical approach are firstly verified by a FEM modelling in ANSYS Workbench software and secondly compared to each other in graphs and discussed. From the values of stresses in FEM, analysis fatigue life expectations are calculated with the respect to CSN EN 13 445 regulations, for two cases. First one, where a pressure test is applied and second one, where the pressure test is not applied before the pressure vessel is put into service. In the conlusion the obtained results are discussed.
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The High Pressure Fuel System Application for CI-engine
Ševčík, Ondřej ; Prokop, Aleš (referee) ; Dundálek, Radim (advisor)
This thesis focuses on the design of new high pressure injection system application on diesel engine. The design came from company Zetor’s demands. For this application was chosen system Common Rail supplied by company Bosch. Assignment was separated into several tasks. Research of suitable components for low pressure section, design of waste system and high pressure injection tubes design including injector clamping. Due to injectors used in this system was necessary to redesign cover for valves and even new system to lead wires from outside of the engine to injectors. Injector is attached by screw connection, which is composed from screw and clamping jaw. These parts are subjected to an analytic calculations. Clamping jaw of injector is even subjected to a FEM analysis, which focuses on fatigue life. Finally, the drawings were documented.
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Hydraulic part of plunger pump adjustment for higher pressures
Dvořák, Petr ; Klas, Roman (referee) ; Habán, Vladimír (advisor)
First part of the master thesis is about displacement pump. Second part is about power plunger pumps. In the third part are equations for power plunger pumps. In the last part the strength calculation of the proposed hydraulic part of the plunger pump was performed using the finite element method in ANSYS. The screw fatigue life is also calculated here. At the end of this section, ANSYS Fluent flow calculation is performed in the suction valve area.
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Development of loading spectra and fatigue life analysis of small two-seat composite aircraft
Daňko, Matúš ; Juračka, Jaroslav (referee) ; Augustin, Petr (advisor)
Primary goal of this thesis is to present proposed method for fatigue life evaluation applicable to light composite aircraft. The first chapter of this thesis is focused on certification specifications and requirements for fatigue life proof of structure. Significant part of this thesis is dedicated to fatigue life evaluation and guideline how to proceed in evaluation of fatigue data. Thesis also points out on possible methods of statistical fatigue data analysis and critical parts of structure in means of fatigue life. The last part of thesis is focused on design of experimental evaluation of structure including test rig and load sequence. This chapter also provides inside into possible means of introducing artificial defects into the structure.
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High cycle fatigue life of Ti6Al4V alloy produced by direct metal laser sintering
Konečná, R. ; Nicoletto, G. ; Bača, A. ; Kunz, Ludvík
High cycle fatigue life of Ti6Al4V alloy specimens manufactured by Direct Metal Laser Sintering (DMLS) was experimentally determined. The DMLS fabrication process was characterized by a 400 W laser power and 50 micrometer layer melted thickness. Post-fabrication heat treatment consisted in stress relieving for 3 h at 720 °C in vacuum with subsequent cooling in argon atmosphere. Fatigue testing of specimens oriented in three different directions with respect to the material build direction was performed with the aim to examine the influence of the layered microstructure on the fatigue behavior. Results of measurement of surface roughness, metallographic examinations of the layered material and fractographic investigation of the fatigue fracture surfaces were employed in the discussion of fatigue crack initiation in DMLS fabricated Ti6Al4V alloy.
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