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The impact of Urbanization on the socioeconomic development of Ghana
Aikins, Michael Boako
At independence Ghana had about 70% of it populace leaving in the rural areas but now the country is over 50% urbanized. People are changing from agricultural occupation to business, trade, services and other professions in search for a quality life style. Major cities in Ghana such as Accra, Kumasi and now the oil city Takoradi are now facing urban management challenges since the cities are becoming more and more dirty and unkempt. Drawing on data from the Living Standard Survey Reports for Round 5-6 that spans from 2008 to 2014 for Ghana, this study examines the effects of urbanization on socio-economic development in Ghana. The study demonstrates some association of urbanization with developmental outcomes in education, health, employment and housing. It examines urbanization by using patterns of internal migration, noting that people move from relatively poor areas to richer ones in Ghana. While it is difficult to establish causality, the evidence suggests that while urbanization happens mostly by internal migration, such moves may allow poor people to access better opportunities in richer regions in Ghana. This study then looks more carefully at the association between internal migration and some socio-economic indicators of education, health, employment and housing at the state level and to some degree at the household level. A key finding of this research is the association of urbanization of educational attainment for female and a positive life expectancy in general. In addition, urbanization has not had entirely positive relationship on employment and housing in the big cities in Ghana.
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Faktory ovplyvňujúce ekonomickú úroveň krajiny
Bobošová, Terézia
This thesis deals with the identification of factors influencing the level of economic performance of the countries. A theoretical platform presents the total population, the technological level and the economic freedom as possible factors of influence. Groups of countries, which have the similar character of the level of economic performance, are sorted out by cluster analysis. To describe the common factors influencing the level of economic performance among every created group of countries the panel data models are used. The results prove the influence of total population, technological level and economic freedom in the most developed, moderately developed and in developing countries around the world. Each of these indicators shows the positive effect on the level of economic performance, thereby creating an opportunity for the improvements.
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Výskyt a prostorové šíření jelena siky japonského (Cervus nippon) v ČR
Stambolidisová, Sarah
The bachelor thesis deals with the analysis of the occurrence and spread of Japanese sika deer in the Czech republic. The source of the data is spring stem and blast statements together with mortality for individual municipalities with extended powers. The statements used in the work are based on the publicly available statistics of ÚHUL for the years 2012–2016. Furthermore, the data provided by the employees of the state hunting administration were used. The work follows the rate of spread of Japanese sika deer to new territories and its numbers. Data is compared with past research results and literature.
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Přezimovací objekty pro jelení zvěř (Cervus elaphus) na území Krkonošského národního parku
Chromčák, Vít
This bachelor thesis deals with the winter objects for red deers in area of KRNAP. There is evaluated a number of red deers closed in these objects against the spring counted states. To evaluate real percentage of closed red deers was made regressive calculation of unlisted does according to fawns. Later in this work there is evaluated an influence of winter object shift to a number of closed red deer population.
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Analýza managementu populace jelena lesního v oblasti chovu Vlára
Stiksa, Martin
This bachelor thesis deal with the game breeding area Vlára and about breeding red deer in this area.The breading area Vlára is situated in the east of Czech Republic on boarders with Slovak Republic. The aim of the work is to create literature review about right management of red deer (Cervus elaphus) population, than processing informations about breeding areas and last but not least processing materials about red deer breading area Vlára. The main task of the work is to evaluate the population of red deer in breeding area Vlára and propose measures to put right identified shortcomings. For my thesis I used data which ORP Valašské Klobouky and evaluative committee for red deer in district Zlín provides to me. In bachelor thesis there are processed data from years 2009 to 2018 and focus on added red deer population status, modified red deer population status, hunting statistics and results from trophy exhibitions.
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Production, distribution and processing on farms with cattle breeding
Obeng, Irene Otwuwa
The diploma thesis concentrates on production of cattle in Ghana and on analysing whether cattle production has a bright future in Ghana. The main aim of the thesis is to evaluate the trend and performance of cattle production by using selected macroeconomic indicators. The indicators used were: population growth rate, inflation, gross domestic product and unemployment in the country in ten years (2006 to 2015). The indicators were also measured against domestic meat produced in the country. Findings suggest that a 1% increase in inflation will cause 0.04% increase in cattle production whereas a 1% increase in population will cause a huge change of 0.88% increase in the trend of cattle production. On the other hand, increase in gross profit product and unemployment do not cause any change in the trend of cattle production and domestic meat production.
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Conservation of populations on the edge of geographical distribution
Pešová, Lucie ; Sedláček, Ondřej (advisor) ; Šípek, Petr (referee)
Populations on the edge of the range are often considered less valuable for conservation with regard to core populations of the species. These populations are often small, isolated and less genetically variable, and are therefore more prone to extinction. On the other hand, there are some studies claiming that some peripheral populations could have genetically unique allels which could help them adapt to changing environmental conditions. They thus have a big speciation potential. Peripheral populations could also occur behind state borders, where the species has conservation status, despite the fact that it is a common species somewhere else in its range. Due to this contradiction, peripheral populations are a delicate topic of discussion in the scientific community. In this paper I summarized the features of populations on the edge and also factors which limit them. Furthermore, population dynamics of these populations and summary of the main genetic processes taking place in small populations are outlined here. Next there are arguments for and against conservation of populations on the edge. In conclusion I give model examples of species on the periphery, demonstrating their features and reasons for their possible conservation. Key words: population, conservation, peripheral, marginal, range...
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Cooperative as one of the possible tools of the economic concept of Steady-State
Dekastello, Petr ; Hájek, Jan (advisor) ; Vejchodská, Eliška (referee)
The thesis analyzes the theory of Steady-State Economy based on a research of literature as well as principles and starting points for its application in practice. The central question revolves around the viability of the theory. First, however, the thesis focuses on the context, i.e. the background and needs for the emergence of this theory. Thus, the research begins at a time of industrial revolution and the rise of modern economies. In the course of the research, the analysis also points out the phenomenon of cooperatives, which arise in the early days of industrialization, as examined at the start of the work. Later, after a comprehensive introduction of the steady-state economy theory, the thesis returns to cooperatives, as during the research certain parallels in both of the phenomena emerge. Consequently, the conclusion recapitulates and examines whether steady state economy has been proven to be viable, what could support its functioning and whether one of the answers might be cooperatives - considered they have been shown to realize certain assumptions of this economic theory in practice. After a review of criticism of both of the phenomena, a final evaluation and decision may be reached, i.e. the research questions may be answered.
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Population genetics of bees
Beranová, Tereza ; Straka, Jakub (advisor) ; Munclinger, Pavel (referee)
Bees are one of the most important group of all insect, which plays a significant role in crop pollination. This bachelor thesis is review of articles, which speaks about genetic diversity of Apidae (Apoidea, Anthophila) and factors, which influence genetic diversity of this family. This thesis represents anthhropogenic impact, such as urbanization and fragmentation, and impact, which was not caused by human population, such as, climate change and parasite impact, on bee population. Part of this thesis is created by bee life overview and basic information about population genetics. The aim of this work is finding extent of declining pollinator problem, especially wild bees and also naming the bacic methods, which are used in this work. Key words: population, DNA analysis, threats, conservation genetics, bees, biogeography
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