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Energy Security and U.S. Middle East Geopolitics
Vaculíková, Eva ; Střítecký, Vít (advisor) ; Kučerová, Irah (referee)
Decades of cooperation between the United States and its Middle Eastern partners have come to a turning point. The 2008 Shale Revolution has brought the United States heretofore unknown scale of energy independece. The Revolution has created an unprecedented increase in United States' unconventional cost-effectively extractable energy reserves. It is estimated that within next two decades the United States should change from net importer of hydrocarbons to net exporter. There is a lot of speculation, whether due to possible energy independece, the foreign policy towards its Middle Eastern partners would change and whether the United States would isolate itself. Aim of this work is to explore the impact of the Shale Revolution on energy security of the United States and its implications for future geopolitics towards the Middle East. The main question to be explored is whether it would change United States' geopolitics at all and if yes, how would it look like. Since domestic oil prices are based on global energy prices and since Middle Eastern partners are unique in their capability of supplying global energy markets with large quantities of oil in the long run, even after the Shale Revolution it will be essential for the United States to continue its cooperation with its Middle Eastern partners....
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The Challenge of Modern Maritime Piracy for International Community
Szuma, Gabriel ; Riegl, Martin (advisor) ; Landovský, Jakub (referee)
Piracy is one of the oldest known illegal activities, and its very existence endangers the international arena due to its lawless nature and ruthless methods. Todays' piracy, particularly prominent in Africa and Asia, has contemporary political and social implications, and is viewed as a new threat to international order. The aim of this thesis is to present piracy as both local and regional issues, and an international problem, and to observe how these two separate perspectives come together. It analyses how modern-day piracy operates, where it thrives, and what are its geopolitical impacts. It also provides a valuable addition to current views on the state of global affairs and geopolitics; by examining international legislative and interventions created to tackle piracy, and by showing that their effectiveness is insufficient. The text argues that the role of states, their sovereignty, and their lack of it are closely connected to piracy, and that the international arena, and contemporary efforts of nations and international organisations to confront piracy are mainly driven by power struggles. It is concluded that piracy is a result of continuous global tensions, thus allowing this crime to exist and expand. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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The Impact of Climate Change on the Geopolitics of the Arctic Circle
Turnham, James ; Landovský, Jakub (advisor) ; Doboš, Bohumil (referee)
At the top of the world, worn like a crown, lies the Arctic. For much of human history it has been home to only a few hardy souls, eking out an existence in a cold unforgiving land. However, as the ages have marched by, man has attempted to explore and exploit the region as despite the Arctic's hostility, it contains a vast array of wealth. However, despite the richness of the land, remarkably little geopolitical competition has occurred above the Arctic Circle. The vast proportion of scholars and observers in the modern era have viewed the Arctic as a place where, perhaps uniquely, the quintessential regime of security dilemmas and competition between great powers, portrayed by realist scholars, has failed to manifest itself. However, as climate change wracks the region, seeing temperatures soar, the permafrost thaw, and the sea-ice rapidly becoming no more, the Arctic has reached a critical juncture where both the technology and the climate allow for an expanding human presence in the Arctic Circle and the economically viable exploitation of its wealth. This paper seeks to discover the impact of these drastic changes on the great power politics and potential future securitisation of the region.
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Astopolitics
Giannetti, Giuliano ; Romancov, Michael (advisor) ; Landovský, Jakub (referee)
Diploma thesis "Astropolitics" analyses of the evolution of the geopolitical a strategic thought from the classical geopolitical school of Mackinder to the Astropolitik, which is the brainchild of E.Dolman. This essay is focused mainly on space and on the military doctrines and strategies that were applied to it from Cold war to the present. The last capitol analyses the potential of the environment in the present and in the imminent future. A last thought will be dedicated to the cyberspace. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Selected Geopolitical Aspects of the EU's Energy Security
Lang, Petr ; Romancov, Michael (advisor) ; Hnízdo, Bořivoj (referee)
This thesis deals with the geopolitical aspects resulting from the increasing EU dependence on natural gas imports from the external suppliers. In addition to the investigation into he current situation of the EU market with natural gas, nature of major suppliers is explored, the thesis tries to identify the main risks to the security of supplies, especially the possibility of politically motivated supply disruption. From a broader perspective, it scrutinizes whether the natural gas market is driven by the market-based principles and regulated by international organizations (Market and Institutions scenario) or the bilateral relations between producer and consumer are the decisive factor (Regions and Empires scenario). Furthermore, the analysis of relevant documents issued by the EU institutions is also included and the thesis aims to assess the feasibility of the single 2 European external energy policy. Finally, the thesis includes two case-studies: the first one is dealing with energy relations between Russia and Belarus and Ukraine. The second one is dedicated to the Nord Stream gas pipeline project.
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Geopolitics of Global Food Supply - An analysis of Nigeria, China, and the United States
Eeg-Henriksen, Olav Mikael ; Riegl, Martin (advisor) ; Doboš, Bohumil (referee)
This thesis examines the functioning and implications of the food supply chain on countries food security by investigating one low, one middle, and one high-income country, represented by the Federal Republic of Nigeria, People's Republic of China, and the United State of America. While it is well understood that a high-income country has a more secure food supply chain than a low-income country, the multitude of reasons affecting this difference, and the severity of the difference is less clearly framed in literature. The first part explores and lays out the factors influencing all the key aspects of the food supply chain, and the second part then analyzing the selected countries through those. The third part explores some geopolitical trends of importance to the food supply chain. Through the analysis, the differences between the countries becomes apparent, and the results show a strong difference in food security for low income countries, compared to middle and high-income. The difference between middle and high-income countries is not as prevalent, but still meaningful.
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Structural Violence and Great Power Competition: The Effects of Sino-U.S. Geopolitical Rivalry in the Indo-Pacific
Iocovozzi, James ; Kolmaš, Michal (advisor) ; Plášek, David (referee)
Structural Violence and Great Power Competition: The Effects of Sino-U.S. Geopolitical Rivalry in the Indo-Pacific Abstract This paper examines the effects of the ongoing strategic rivalry between China and the United States for influence over the Indo-Pacific in order to demonstrate the negative impacts upon structural violence within the region. Using an amalgamation from various authors, this paper establishes a definition and set of criteria for the presence of structural violence which are then applied to the cases of Vietnam, Myanmar, and Japan. By correlating the mechanisms with which China and the United States garner influence with the specific consequences for the prevalence and severity of structural violence, this paper illustrates that the ongoing geopolitical rivalry poses considerable threats to all Indo-Pacific nations regardless of their development status or social, political, economic, and geographic characteristics. Results indicate that the extent of each country's structural violence was directly or indirectly affected by the presence of foreign involvement, and that different levels of alignment or independence can serve to reduce or exacerbate these effects. Furthermore, evidence indicated that China's methods pose a more immediate threat to induvial countries, but that the United...
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Northern Sea Route communication for 21st Century?
Kregl, Jan ; Romancov, Michael (advisor) ; Doboš, Bohumil (referee)
The Northern Sea Route (NSR) is a naval communication between Europe and Asia running along the Arctic coastline of the Russian Federation. For decades, the same maritime corridors have been relied on. However, the international freight shipping volumes keep growing steadily and the Suez and Panama Canals might reach their maximal capacity soon. In order to prevent congestions of these crucial chokepoints, alternative communications have to be found. The NSR can save as much as 40% distance compared to the Suez Route and consequently, the time spent on the voyage decreases by about 10 days. There are several other benefits this Arctic seaway brings, however, some major obstacles impede its further development. In this work, I summarized the history of the Route and analyzed some of its key aspects. The current maritime transport situation and some alternative communications are outlined, too. The main advantages and disadvatages of the Northern Sea Route are presented in order to find out whether this unique naval corridor can serve as a communication for the 21st century and what its future prospects look like. Conclusively, the following research questions are answered: How do the US-Russian territorial disputes and the Russian domestic legislation affect the NSR? What would be the economical...
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Analysis of regional security in the Persian Gulf and the geopolitical importance of the Strait of Hormuz
Krésová, Dana
This Bachelor Thesis deals with a regional security in the Persian Gulf. The main objective is to analyse the transformation process of the regional security since British withdrawal in 1971 up to date 2016. This Thesis uses regional security complex method developed by Buzan and Waever. The theory is applied to determine the primary framework and to provide a deeper insight in to the Persian Gulf region. Also, the Thesis incorporates the geopolitical importance of the Strait of Hormuz to describe its relation towards the Persian Gulf. The results show that the explanation of the theory relates to security changes in the Persian Gulf. The findings further reveal significant events that explain the current situation in the region.
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Ruské politické a vojenské ambice v současném konfliktu v Sýrii
Sandrosyan, Artur
This thesis is dedicated to the Syrian conflict. First, it describes relations between Syria and USSR, Russia’s predecessor, what played an important role in shaping modern relations between countries, as well as modern Russian foreign policy, which contributes to a better understanding of the causes of Russian intervention. Also, attention is paid to the analysis of the syrian war as a multilateral conflict of geopolitical interests, the reasons for its occurrence and the participants In addition, there is a description of the Russian military intervention, where its premises are also analyzed. Last but not least, the consequences of this conflict, both international and in local are also considered.
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