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The image of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and the Grand Duchy of Moscow in Early modern news service of Czech nobility (1450-1618)
PRAŽÁKOVÁ, Kateřina
The thesis concentrates on the image of Mid Eastern European countries which was presented in the first newspapers. The focus was laid on handwritten newspapers (form of newssheets) that originated in the middle of the 15th century. Soon they became an influential intelligence and communicative medium. They were read on the courts of monarchs and high nobility. Since the middle of the 16th century they were also subscribed by town councils and church institutions like convents or bishoprics.The news spread further to other social groups by means of correspondence and rumor. The decline of handwritten newssheets did not begin until the second half of the 17th century. Handwritten and printed news service coexisted until then. While printed newspapers and pamphlets mainly described and commented on extraordinary stories, handwritten newssheets regularly brought reports about the events that happened in the last weeks. The author made thorough research of three collections of handwritten newssheets gathered by members of high nobility. Another common sign is the concentration of newssheets in the second half of the 16th century. They are the collections of Lords of Rosenberg, of Hradec and Lobkowicz. Especially after the House of Rosenberg more then 1 000 newssheets and other news service materials have been preserved whereas many of them are really unique. While exploring these documents, the author posed a question about which of the events that happened in the Kingdom of Poland, the Grand Duchy of Lithuania or in the Grand Duchy of Moscow drew the attention of the intelligencer. The author examined the spirit of this news and the information about the rulers, aristocrats, townspeople as well as common people from the eastern Europe they offered to the readers. Under the influence of the methodological directions inquiring into the perceiving of otherness by meeting different cultures she described the changes in viewing the Eastern European countries from the end of the 15th to the beginning of the 17th century. Thus she traced the origin of some stereotypical opinions that persisted through centuries. In addition, she dealt with the question how the subscribers of the newspapers reacted to the submitted reports. The aim of the thesis was the description of the image of the Kingdom of Poland, Grand Duchy of Lithuania and Grand Duchy of Moscow as well as an insight in the reception and interpretation of news on the aristocratic court in the early modern period.
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Vyhodnocení a návrh doplnění ekonomických nástrojů využitelných pro oblast ochrany přírody a krajiny s ohledem na transpozici práva EU
IREAS, Institut pro strukturální politiku, o.p.s., Praha
Projekt se zabývá potřebami ochrany přírody a krajiny v ČR. je zaměřen na využití ekonomických nástrojů pro ochranu přírody a krajiny v ČR. Potřeby ochrany a ekonomické nástroje jsou analyzovány s přihlédnutím k závazkům ČR po přistoupení do Evropské unie. tyto závazky v oblasti ochrany přírody a krajiny se vážou zejména ke dvěma směrnicím EU, shrnovaným pod názvem Natura 2000. Cílem je vyhodnocení stávajících ekonomických nástrojů pro ochranu přírody a krajiny, vyhodnocení ekonomických nástrojů a zdrojů pro ochranu přírody a krajiny využitelných pro zabezpečení povinností vyplývajících ze směrnic Rady č. 92/43/EEC a č. 79/409/EEC (Natura 2000), kvantifikace nákladů a návrh optimalizace ekonomických nástrojů k zabezpečení cíle obou směrnic. Zpráva je rozdělena do 3 dílů. 2. díl zpracovává tato témata: Metodiky analýzy nástrojů a Analýza ekonomických nástrojů využitelných pro oblast ochrany přírody a krajiny v pěti zemích (Velká Británie, Finsko, Spolková republika Německo, Rakousko, Slovenská republika).
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Základní problémy implementace Rozhodnutí Rady 2003/33/EC‚ kterým se stanoví kritéria a postupy pro přijímání odpadů na skládkách
Finfrlová, Pavla
Rozhodnutí Rady 2003/33/EC upravuje přijímání odpadů na skládky, a to jak na povrchové, tak i do podzemních úložišť. Týká se tedy jak problematiky upravené zákonem 185/2001 Sb., o odpadech a jeho prováděcími předpisy kde bude třeba novelizovat vyhlášku č. 383/2001 Sb., o podrobnostech nakládání s odpady, tak i problematiky spadající pod zákon č. 44/1988 Sb., horní zákon a zákon č. 61/1988 Sb., o hornické činnosti, výbušninách a státní báňské správě s jejich prováděcími předpisy, kde bude třeba novelizovat vyhlášku č. 99/1992 Sb., o zřizování, provozu, zajištění a likvidaci zařízení pro ukládání odpadů v podzemních prostorech a všechny předpisy související. Úpravu týkající se podzemních prostor není možné provést bez součinnosti s ČBÚ, neboť se jedná o zvláštní zásah do zemské kůry dle horního zákona a je třeba jednoznačně oddělit problematiku ukládání odpadů do podzemí (podzemní skládky) od využití odpadů pro hornickou činnost (např. popílky včetně fluidních s obsahem volného vápna pro výrobu základkových směsí, což je technologie využívaná v hornictví mnoho let). Rozhodnutí souvisí i s přejímáním technických norem, tj. s plánem činnosti Českého normalizačního institutu. Studie obsahuje návrh postupu implementace rozhodnutí.
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Human behaviour and economic crises
Šťastný, Jan ; Sirůček, Pavel (advisor) ; Breňová, Lubomíra (referee)
This bachelor thesis treats with the two longest economic crisis in last eighty years and the way how they were influenced by human behavior. Is it possible some subconscious aspects of human behavior were one of the causes of start of Great depression or Mortgage crisis? Under the influence of human trust or stories spread among people some acts significantly affects business cycle. The power of media and their specialists who are giving advices to us about investing is inconsiderable. But is it right?
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Functional shifts of the -ria form in current Portuguese
Rundová, Dana ; Hricsina, Jan (referee) ; Jindrová, Jaroslava (advisor)
The pr e sent diploma the s i s , ent i t led "Fun c t ional Shi f t s of the - r ia Form in Cur r ent Por tu gue s e " , i s dedi ca ted to an int e gr a ted s tudy of a ve rba l pa r adigm, the so ca l l ed " - r i a form" ( t r adi t iona l ly known a s " condi t iona l tense " ) in the Europe an and Bra z i l i an Por tugue se . At f i r s t , the pape r pre sent s broade r concept s of t ime and moda l i t y a s the ba s i c pr inc iple s for the cons t ruc t ion of modot empora l s y s tems of a l l na tura l l angua ge s . Subs equent l y , the modot empora l s ys tem of cur r ent Por tugue se i s e xposed, and f ina l l y the - r i a form i t se l f . In a c cordanc e wi th the s t ruc tur a l approa ch, the t empora l and moda l func t ions of the form a r e de f ined in re la t ion to the othe r s by se t s of di s t inc t i ve f e a ture s . Consequent l y, the a l t e rna t i ve forms able to compute the - r i a form in appropr i a te conte xt s (but s l i ght l y modi f y ing the s igni f i ca t ion) a re re sumed. In the pr a c t i ca l pa r t of the the s i s , conc re t e oc cur renc e s a re ana l ys ed, ba sed on s e a r ching in journa l i s t i c te xt s or gani zed in corpus Ce t emPúbl i co (Europe an Por tugue se ) and CHAVE (Br a z i l i an Por tugue se ) , and then put up to a s ta...
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Measuring the complexity of the tax system with the help of the Doing Business study
Ulman, Martin ; Klazar, Stanislav (advisor) ; Blažek, Petr (referee)
Study of the World Bank and PricewaterhouseCoopers between years 2006 -- 2011 i.a. showed, that the Czech Republic still have, from the beginning of the study, the most time-consuming and the most costing tax system in the European union. Also the Czech Republic is ranked among countries, which have reduced the time-demand factor of their system the most. Time to comply for the Czech Republic is 557 hours, which range the Czech Republic at the 167th position from the 183 countries surveyed. The present bachelor thesis tries to analyze the fact, why the Czech Republic in the study reaches such poor results, if there doesn't exist the option of wrong methodology. The first part of the work is devoted to the tax theory; the second part is focused on description and explanation the two of the best know models that measures tax compliance cost of the private sector; and the last part analyzes reached results by the Czech Republic and subsequently compares them with the results reached by Slovak Republic which are optimal with regard to the historical evolution, similar tax system and legislation. At the end of the work there is a finding that the negative result of the Czech tax system is mainly caused by too simple and generous methodology of the "local company", which has been developed by the World Bank
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Specifics of nursing care about a patient after a plastic operation with a free lower or upper limb flap
DVOŘÁKOVÁ, Jindřiška
The thesis is aimed at nursing care about a patient after a plastic operation with a free lower or upper limb flap. A free flap or muscle tissue transfer is exploited in plastic operations after devastating or dilacerating injuries, particularly on limbs. It is also sometimes used for treatment of necroses, osteomyelitis, and oncological defects. These operations are performed at specialized workplaces under guidance of plastic surgeons. Nursing care about patients with a free flap requires knowledge and skills as it has its rules and specifics. In the theoretical part of the thesis we concentrated on mapping all the specifics that the treatment of a patient with a free flap has. The practical part on the other hand deals with the question whether general nurses have the knowledge and skills necessary for providing nursing care to such patients. The thesis had two goals. The first one was to identify the specifics of the nursing care about patients with a free lower or upper limb flap. The other one was to find whether a doctor or a nurse is the person who mainly informs a patient on the treatment regimen. Four hypotheses were postulated to reach both the aims: a general nurse has the knowledge necessary for providing nursing care to patients after a plastic surgery with a free lower or upper limb flap, a general nurse has the skills necessary for providing nursing care to patients after a plastic surgery with a free lower or upper limb flap, a general nurse concentrates her nursing care on the bio-psycho-social needs of a patient after a plastic surgery with a free lower or upper limb flap, and the last one, that a doctor informs on the treatment regimen before and after operation more than a general nurse. We confirmed all the hypotheses upon evaluation of quantitative research by means of a questionnaire designed for nurses and qualitative method of collection of data among the participants by hidden observation of nurses during providing nursing care. The thesis was used for preparation of a treatment manual for care about patients after a plastic surgery with a free lower or upper limb flap. It might also be helpful in education of general nurses and extend the range of available sources on the free flap issues.
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Care for the oral cavity in a hospitalized patient
CINCIALOVÁ, Kateřina
The term oral hygiene includes a set of measures to prevent the origination of parodont and hard tissues and their progression. These ailments belong to the most common and frequent ones despite the fact they may be prevented by appropriate care and by the proper choice of oral hygiene aids. The most frequent problems are dental decay, dental plaque, gum disease. For each of us, good oral hygiene practicing daily is essential for preventing troubles mentioned above. During hospitalization patients often alter their habits and modes because of the disease and the stay out of home. In patients who are not self-administering and patients with limited capabilities it is the nurse who is in charge of providing the oral hygiene. Each nurse´s priority should be to meet all the patient´s needs and the proper oral hygiene is one the basic ones. I set four aims in my thesis. The first was to find out patients´view of the oral hygiene level at hospitalization. The second aim was to describe the standards of oral hygiene the particular ward offers the patients. The third aim was to compare opinions of self-administering and non self-administering patients. The fourth aim was to compare the role of a nurse in providing oral hygiene for self-administering and non self-administerin patients. The results of my research confirm the first hypothesis {--} hospitalization brings about changes in oral hygiene. Also the second hypothesis proved to be right {--} during hospitalization oral hygiene worsens in patients because they do not have enough possibilities to carry out all the procedures they are used to. The third hypothesis was confirmed, too. Nurses are familiar with oral hygiene aids and know how to use them. The fourth hypothesis that nurses do not ask patients to tell them what their oral hygiene habits are was true. I conducted the research by the questionnaire method and the method of a stuctured interview. The research samples were nurses and patients in following units - neurological, internal, surgical and orthopaedic - in the České Budějovice hospital, Inc. and in the Tábor hospital. Inc. The results of this research could be used as a feedback for hospital management to help improve patients´oral hygiene. It is necessary to take some measures in this respect. Nurses should be more active in getting information about patients´ oral hygiene aids and their hygienic habits. They should ensure the highest patients´comfort possible. Then their efforts will be rewarding.
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Josef Fišer (Life and Work of Regional Historian)
KOSÍKOVÁ, Jarmila
Submitted diploma thesis shows the portrait of Josef Fišer (1878 {--} 1944), the headmaster of a grammar school, regional historian, chronicler, cultural worker and a member of a range of societies. Josef Fišer was born in Klenčí pod Čerchovem, but he spent the majority of his life in Moravské Budějovice, where he stood in the head of a newly established Czech high school. The aim of this work is the interpception of Josef Fišer{\crq}s life, historical work and the picture of his personality in the eyes of his contemporaries. This diploma thesis also describes Josef Fišer as a high school pedagogue. Josef Fišer is undisputedly important person for the region of Moravské Budějovice. Up to present days there hasn{\crq}nt been published any monograph about him. Therefore Josef Fišer{\crq}s personal works saved in the branch of the State district archive in Třebíč {--} in Moravské Budějovice {--} played the crucial role in the creation of this work. In the first line there were newspaper{\crq}s and periodical{\crq}s articles or studies published in the occasion of the Fišer{\crq}s death or birth jubilee. The whole text is divided into six chapters, which are subdivided into subchapters. Textual or picture enclosures are joined to the diploma thesis to enrich the whole text.
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Ecological consequences connected with sealing of soils in Prague periphery influenced by higway D1
Polická, Petra ; Šefrna, Luděk (advisor) ; Bláhová, Štěpánka (referee)
Sealing of soils in the city fringe is currently reaching a range, which we have never seen in the past. Cities are spreading, commercial development along important highways is rising and hectares of the fertile soils are diseppearing under the tons of concrete, asphalt and other artificial surfaces. The negative consequences of the loss of this important nature resource on the environment and lanscape balance are obvious. Impervious surfaces are the main reason of the run off changes, of the changes in the matter exchange between ekosystems and of the loss of a lot of important soil functions. The landscape is being homogenized and its fragmentation is rising. This work warns against irresponsible sealing of fertile agricultural soils surroundings the highway D1 in the periphery of Prague. Two thirds of sealed soils belong to the first classes of soil protection (luvisols), which can be built up only exceptionally. Contemporary legislative in the Czech Republic is visibly poor and it is necessary to accept more efficient control instruments. Keywords: Suburbanization, Sealing of soils, Impervious surfaces, Soil functions
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