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Difficult to treat asthma in adults from the nurse´s point view
LAHODOVÁ, Danka
Summary The quality of life of patients with bronchial asthma is influenced by severe everyday difficulties, including nocturnal symptoms, limitation of physical activities or a more frequent hospitalization. Therefore, it is necessary that the medical staff take special care and individual approach to the patients with difficult treatable asthma. Objective 1: Find out limitations in customary daily activities of the patients with severe asthma. Patients stated that they are restricted in their customary daily activities including sport activities. Objective 2: Find out the nurse?s participation in the care for asthmatics. The objective was achieved; the nurse takes part in the care of patients with difficult treatable asthma from the first visit in the ambulance. She makes the first contact with patients, assists the doctors, takes examination material, carries out certain examinations or helps out with them and takes part in the nursing care. Objective 3: Find out the role of a nurse during biological treatment of patients with difficult treatable asthma. Essential is to make a relationship between the nurse and the patient, to educate the patient, to reeducate him and to provide nursing care. According to these objectives we have put three research questions. The first question is: ?In what customary daily activities is the patient with asthma restricted?? During the research interviews we discovered that the most difficult period for the patients was, when they had to leave their jobs because of the disease. Furthermore, clients stated that they handle daily activities at their own pace and it always depends on their current health. Patients try to keep their condition by doing leisure sport activities. The second question is ?How does the nurse engage family in the care of an asthmatic?? From the interviews we found out that family engages in the care when breathing problems occur and the patient is not able to deal with it on his own. Family ensures the feeling of patient?s safety. The nurse provides family with information on how to avoid asthmatic fits, how to help during the fit and where to find this information. Patients with difficult treatable asthma and their families have to be provided with appropriate information. It results from our research that family accompanies the patient very rarely during the visits in the ambulance for the treatment of difficult treatable asthma, only in case of health impairment. Clients visit the ambulance mostly on their own without any companions. Question 3 is ?What is the nurse?s role during the biological treatment of the patient with difficult treatable asthma?? We discovered that nurse?s role starts with educating the patient in order to abide by the rules of treatment regime and with assessing individual needs of the patient. She teaches him how to change the behavior due to the disease, responsibility for his health and helps him to deal with limitation which the disease brings. Moreover, the nurse is the bearer of the nursing care, applies the biological treatment. It is important to gain trust and build cooperation with the patient.
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Nursing Procedures of Oxygen Administration to Newborns
STUDÍKOVÁ, Monika
Nursing Procedures of Oxygen Administration to Newborns The diploma thesis is to outline the current perspective of oxygen therapy of newborns who need highly specialized care as early as in the delivery room and subsequently in intensive and resuscitation care units of perinatologic centres. The research in the diploma thesis is focused on the assessment of the level of implementation of recommendations of the Czech Neonatology Society concerning oxygen administration on all levels of neonatal care. The theoretical part addresses the first treatment and evaluation of a newborn. Then the reasons leading to oxygen administration are discussed as well as the methods of oxygen application in the delivery room and intensive and resuscitation care units. Being at the forefront, oxygen is one of the most often administered medicines. Inadequate use of oxygen as a medicine increases the risk of complications for the newborn. The delivery and the first weeks after the birth rank among the crucial periods of every child. Adherence to the recommended procedures improves the outlooks of premature newborns for leading quality life. The objective of the thesis is to ascertain the level of implementation of recommendations of the Czech Neonatology Society concerning oxygen administration on all levels of neonatal care. The research was quantitative and used the questionnaire technique. The author created one kind of the questionnaire for the selected research set. The set consisted of nurses working in neonatal wards of selected hospitals. A total of 65 questions were created to ascertain the level of implementation of recommendations of the Czech Neonatology Society concerning oxygen administration on all levels of neonatal care. The research set consisted of 184 respondents. In order to attain the objective, the following hypotheses were raised: H1: Nurses know the current recommendations for oxygen administration to newborns. H2: Delivery rooms have sufficient technical equipment for oxygen administration to newborns. H3: Nurses are theoretically and practically trained for situations requiring oxygen administration to newborns. H4: Clearly formulated rules of oxygen therapy are available for nurses in a written form in a well visible place in the delivery room. Based on the statistically processed results, the first three hypotheses have been confirmed. The fourth hypothesis was disconfirmed. The objective of the thesis has been attained. The research results may be used for better understanding of the issue of oxygen administration to newborns in a hypoxic condition with regard to the findings of its toxicity. In order to secure adherence to the recommendations for oxygen administration to newborns, it is appropriate to create a nursing procedure and standard and secure its availability in every delivery room and station.
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Kinship Foster Care From the Point of View of a Social Worker, an Employee of the Social - Legal Child Protection Autority.
VOLECHOVÁ, Olga
Foster care is being discussed nowadays mainly in connection with conception of planned closing down of children´s homes due to which its enforcement rises. One form is kinship foster care. Relatives of the child become its foster carers. It is beneficial for the child to grow up in a wider family, at the same time some drawbacks of this form of foster care arise. The aim of the thesis was to look into the area of foster care from the point of view of a social worker of the social and legal child protection municipal office with extended autority of the South Bohemia Region. Two partial goals were set. The first one was to find out what the trend in relative foster care is, based on the records of the municipal offices with extended autority of the South Bohemia Region in the years 2005-2010 and the Czech Republic in the same period of time. The second one was to find out what the opinions on kinship foster care of the social workers of the social and legal child protection offices are, those who are in charge of foster care in the South-Bohemia Region. Strategy of qualitative research was chosen. To achieve the first goal, method of secondary data analysis and technique of content data anylysis were applied. To achieve the second goal, questioning method and semi-controlled dialogue technique were used. The first research data file consisted of foster care families registered in the years 2005-2010 with the social and legal child protection municipal offices with extended autority of the Czech Republic. The second one consisted of social workers of the social and legal child protection municipal offices with extended autority of the South Bohemia Region. Three research issues, which were gradually answered in the debate, were defined. Based on the research, two assumptions were determined at the end of the thesis. No.1 ´Social workers consider kinship foster care a suitable solution for social orphans.´ No.2 ´Social workers have critical attitude towards kinship foster care.´ At the end of the thesis, it is proposed to use it in training for social workers as well as in education of students of health and social care courses. The study could be also used in dispute over creation and expansion of professional services for foster carers and relatives.
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Origins of vertebrate hematiopoiesis
Svoboda, Ondřej ; Bartůněk, Petr (advisor) ; Divoký, Vladimír (referee) ; Živný, Jan (referee)
(ENGLISH) Hematopoiesis is dependent on the actions of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). This process is tightly controlled through a complex array of extrinsic and intrinsic factors. Even though the hematopoiesis seems to be well conserved across the disparate vertebrate animals, erythroid and thrombocytic differentiation have changed during the evolution of mammals. Specifically, adult mammalian red blood cells have the unique feature of being enucleated, and mammalian thrombocytes are not individual cells, but fragments of megakaryocytes, instead. It is likely that these enhancements provided a survival advantage to early mammalian species; however, they also bring up the question of evolutionary origin of these cells that studied using zebrafish (Danio rerio) model. First, it was necessary to generate a toolbox of a recombinant cytokines and optimized culture media that allowed us to manipulate zebrafish hematopoietic cells ex vivo in liquid and clonal cultures. Interestingly, teleost species underwent an extra duplication event during their evolution and as a result, two copies (paralogs) of some of the genes are present in zebrafish. This was also the case for majority of the cytokines from our toolbox and here, we provide functional characterization of these paralogs. Strikingly, our results...
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The nursing process for children with ear disease
VONDRÁKOVÁ, Zuzana
Ear diseases in childhood are relatively frequent. Of these, the most affecting and threatening the children in infant, toddler and preschool age is an infection of the middle ear. Despite the increasing quality of healthcare and development of vaccines that contribute to a reduction of the number of children diagnosed with acute otitis media, occurrences of these inflammations are still frequent. Inflammation of the ear is accompanied by a number of unpleasant symptoms and as well as other diseases it requires specific treatment and care. Going through an inflammation of the middle ear is for the child an unpleasant and often very painful experience. This disease also brings its own risks in terms of complications. Although its course is mostly without complications and treatment is directed by a pediatrician, we are dealing with cases where it is necessary to hospitalize a child patient. This work in its theoretical part refers to the types of otitis media, prevention, risk factors and complications. It describes the diagnosis, treatment and care for a child with otitis media. It also deals with the awareness of parents, points to a nursing problems associated with inflammation of the middle ear and the specifics of child care. In the empirical part of this thesis, two objectives were set. The first objective was to map the state of awareness of parents about the risk factors and preventive measures to prevent otitis media. The second objective was to determine the incidence of the most common problems in nursing care for children with otitis media. Four research questions were set for these objectives and it was: How are parents being educated regarding risk factors that can lead to ear disease of children? How are parents being informed about preventive measures to prevent ear disease in children? How parents perceive education on inflammatory diseases of ears? What are the most common problems in nursing care for a child with inflammatory diseases of the ears? For the processing of the empirical part of the research it was chosen quantitative research. The survey was carried out using the methods of data collection through semi-structured interviews. It was designed for two nurses working in GP for children and adolescents and four nurses working in the pediatric department. Another research group consisted of parents of children. Half of them had experience with caring for their own child who has undergone at least one ear infection. Respondents were before the start of the interview informed about the reason and purpose of the research. Interviews were held up with the express consent of each respondent addressed. Interviews were carried out on a pre-arranged location in the period March-May 2014. They were recorded using a voice recording and a written record. After that, the interviews were transcribed and processed into categories and subcategories. This gave rise to four categories: Awareness of Parents, Education of Parents, Knowledge of Parents and Inflammation of the Middle Ear.
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Nurses and the way they take care of their own health and how it influences their treatment of patients.
LUKEŠOVÁ, Renata
The title of this work is: Nurses and their taking care of their own health and how it influences the level of professional healthcare provided. I have outlined three objectives and four hypotheses. First objective was to find out how the heath state of the nurses in Tábor hospital (nemocnici Tábor a.s., Tábor hospital further on) can influence the way in which they take care of their patients. Second objective was to find out how the nurses from Tábor hospital take care of their own health and the third objective is: To examine what patients from Tábor hospital think about nurses who work even with an ailment of a minor kind. With regards to these objectives I have outlined four hypotheses. When taking care of their patients, the nurses from Tábor hospital are not influenced by their own health issues. The nurses from Tábor hospital know ways how to improve their heath state. Patients from Tábor hospital consider it improper for those nurses who suffer even from a minor ailment to go on with their jobs. Patients from Tábor hospital consider nurses` professional occupation as being irreplaceable. The research was performed through surveys handed out to two research sets comprised of nurses and patients from Tábor hospital. Based on the research results I have confirmed all hypotheses and consequently all outlined objectives. This profession affects not only nurses{\crq} physical health but their mental health as well. Therefore it is necessary to coach the nurses on possible ways how to treat patients properly and about further risk associated with this working occupation. Furthermore, nurses should follow a healthy life style. This means enough of sleep, a healthy diet, prevention of the burn-out syndrome, and prevention of different ailments through prophylactic check-ups etc. I would like to have this work published in nurses{\crq} specialized magazines.
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Discrimination against women between the 20 to 30 years of their age when they are trying to find a job on the labor market in the Czech Republic between the years 2015 and 2016
Hovorková, Nikola ; Barák, Vladimír (advisor) ; Lukášová, Tereza (referee)
The thesis deals with discrimination against women between the 20 to 30 years of their age when they are trying to find a job on the labor market. The aim of this paper is to determine whether there is some violation of women´s rights through requesting information unrelated to work performance. If so, what effect does such discriminatory conduct to obtain employment. The main task is to confirm or reject the hypothesis, which says: women who are subjected to discriminatory questions during the job interview are less successful in getting a job than women who are not discriminated. Necessary data are collected through quantitative sociological research, which examines the experiences of female respondents participating in job interviews in the Czech Republic between the years 2015 and 2016. The results are compared to other gender statistics. Other partial objectives are to approach gender strategy in the Operational Programme Employment 2014-2020, unequal pay and approach the problem of reconciling work and private life. The result is a confirmation of the hypothesis and also I find ratio discriminated women who were mostly asked discriminatory questions about their personal status and planned pregnancy.
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Effect of selected factors on the yield and health status of cabbage, carrot and onion
Koudela, M. ; Novotný, Čeněk ; Nedorost, L. ; Kocourek, F. ; Svozilová, L. ; Brožová, L. ; Doležalová, J. ; Kubíček, M.
The presented methodology summarizes the results of field experiments documenting that the selected factors influenced the development of important diseases, namely: 1. Alternaria blight cruciferous of head cabbage (in the years 2012-2013) (caused by Alternaria brassicicola) 2. Alternaria leaf spot of carrot (in the years 2012-2013) (caused by Alternaria dauci), and 3. Blight of onion and onion neck rot (in the years 2013-2014) (caused by Peronospora destructor and Botrytis aclada, respectively). The evaluated factors were: variety, crop density (carrot and onion, only), year and location. It is necessary to take into account the earliness of evaluated cultivars that also represents an important aspect of variety resistance to pathogens. In the annex, there are diagrams showing the course of air temperature and air humidity as well as the length of moistening period of leaves at both experimental locations in Troja and Svijansky Újezd in the individual years. Changes of these variables significantly influenced, in interaction with the other factors, the development of phytopathogenic fungi on the infected plants in the individual years.
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Electronic elections and impementation of electronic elections in Free Citizens Party
Štross, Pavel ; Bruckner, Tomáš (advisor) ; Pavlíčková, Jarmila (referee)
This thesis deals with the e-voting implementation in the Free Citizens Party. It contents research and practical part. The research deals with elections and e-voting solutions of elections, while the practical part is about the analysis and the implementation of electronic elections in the Free Citizens Party. The first objective is to provide knowledge that is necessary for the practical part of the thesis by research of these issues and already implemented solutions of electronic elections over the world. The second goal is to prepare the functional implementation of electronic elections in the Free Citizens Party. The analysis and solution proposal of the implementation are made to meet this goal. The author contribution consists in meeting goals of the thesis. During the thesis processing is done a research of elections and electronic elections. After acquiring this knowledge, the author made the analysis, solution proposal of the implementation and the implementation of electronic elections in the Free Citizens Party.
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US-China Economic and Political Relations in the 21st century
Mihók, Róbert ; Neumann, Pavel (advisor) ; Zapletal, Petr (referee)
The intention of the bachelor thesis is to review bilateral economic and political relations between two majour economic superpowers, from the early development until the presence. The greatest emphasis is placed on the analysis of the macroeconomic variables such as GDP, inflation, unemployment and foreign direct investment. An important part of the thesis is to evaluate the positive and negative aspects of mutual relations and to offer solutions over disputed issues. Moreover, this work has the ambition to promote author's opinions over the future of the mutual development.
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