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Possibilities how the support the family of a newborn with developmental risk
ZIKEŠOVÁ, Ivana
This diploma thesis deals with the issues of a family of a newborn with a developmental risk. The theoretic part deals with the most common problems endangering the healthy development of a newborn, also with family and the process of coping with the crisis. Further on, it deals with possibilities of family support during their stay in hospital and also after the baby has been discharged into home care, using the support of non-health care groups. The objective of the diploma thesis was to detect possibilities of psycho-social support for the family of a newborn with a developmental risk. The thesis answers questions of, how parents feel in this situation after the birth of their child, during its stay in hospital and subsequently after the discharge into home care, what kind of support services they use to help them manage this period. Further on it deals with questions of whether the information of support options is sufficient and whether this support system works from the parent?s perspective.This diploma thesis was processed on a basis of qualitative survey results. The questioning method of half-format with parents was used and the method of document summary analysis. The investigated samples were parents of ten children treated in The Developmental Care Unit of Neonatology ward in the hospital of České Budějovice a.s. During the hospitalization of the child, it is important, that the medical team communicates openly, gives well timed and clear information and allows direct involvement in the child care. The outcome of this investigation points out the important role of the partner, family and friends as the main source of support. Also sharing feelings and needs with other parents is rand as a considerable source of support. However, the mothers especially, miss this sharing opportunity after their baby has been discharged into home care. Another interesting outcome is the absence of a psychologist, who specializes in newborn matters as an important source of support for parents. The survey shows, how important the psychosocial support is for parents, not just during hospitalization, but also after the discharge of their baby. Whereas they feel that the healthcare service is adequate, they especially miss the psychosocial support after the discharge from hospital. This is especially true of families of babies with developmental risk, without any serious health problem. Listed subjects could be used by professionals dealing with care of newborn with developmental risk, who provide complex care for families of the children with perinatal condition. Therefore, specialized psychological help should be an evident part of the care provided. The hypothesis were determined on the basis of qualitative survey results, which could be verified by further investigation:Hypothesis 1: For mothers of a newborn with developmental risk it is important to get help in the framework of supporting parental groups.Hypothesis 2: After the discharge of their child into home care, parents would appreciate psychosocial support in the framework of outpatient service.
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Coordinated support pupils with multiple disabilities in Příbram region
JELÍNKOVÁ, Aneta
This bachelor thesis is called "Coordinated support to pupils with multiple handicap in Příbram region"and it is divided into two main parts. The first part is theoretical and here I define the term health and multiple handicap, which is further on classified. Then I deal with the possibilities of education of pupils with multiple handicap and I examine the methods of work used in this area. Since these individuals often have limited possibilities in communication, I also mention the communication systems of AAC. In the second chapter of the theoretical part I describe one important part of care for people with multiple handicap - means of the comprehensive system of rehabilitation: medical, social, educational and working means of rehabilitation. In the practical part I discuss the aims, the methodology and the analysis of gathered data. At first I analyse the coordinated support of pupils with multiple handicap at schools in Příbram region. I have mapped institutions which educate pupils with multiple handicap and also other institutions cooperating with them. After that I analyse the interviews which I carried out and which are attached in the annexes. The aim of this bachelor thesis is to find out the amount and distribution of institutions educating pupils with multiple handicap. I also try to determine whether the amount of these institutions is sufficient. Finally, I wanted to create an information leaflet about these schools. The question that I set to fulfil the main objective is: "What is the amount and distribution of institutions educating pupils with multiple handicap in Příbram region?" and a sub-question: "Is this amount sufficient?". During the research I determined another question, which should help me with mapping these institutions, gaining important information about them and creating the leaflet: "How is the education of pupils with multiple handicap carried out at schools in Příbram region?" and a sub-question: "Do these institutions provide a coordinated support for these pupils?". I performed the research using semi - standardized interviews with specialists from these schools, the consulting organization (SPC) and with parents of children with multiple handicap. Interviews were executed by asking some pre-prepared questions and were recorded on a dictaphone, with the consent of respondents. For better interpretation of the results, I have divided the questions into three categories. The data from the interviews was supplemented with information from relevant websites I have analyzed. The result of this work is the mapping of coordinated care for pupils at schools of Příbram region and a creation of the information leaflet about institutions educating pupils with multiple handicap (where I mention also some nonprofit institutions providing care for primary school graduates and for adults with disabilities). Whether there are enough such institutions in Příbram region is not totally certain but a slightly prevailing opinion says that there are not. There is a lack of primary schools and specialists dealing with pupils with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), who would have some work experience with these individuals. The atmosphere in the examined schools is friendly, the pedagogues and educators generally like their job and the cooperation with parents is usually without problems. However, the classroom equipment needs to be modificated including teaching tools. Teachers do not use rehabilitation techniques very much and these schools hardly ever offer any therapies. On the other hand, these activities are offered by cooperating organizations (Alka, Krok, Pessos) that help these schools provide the means of comprehensive rehabilitation system and thus the coordinated support is secured.
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Survey and Improvement of the Motivation System in the Selected Firm
BIHUNOVÁ, Adéla
The principal aim of this bachelor work is to pass judgment on importace of the working motivation at the management of people and than to evaluate the contemporary motivation system in definite company and to propose the improvement of this system, which will lead to the higher firm{\crq}s prosperity. In the state company Česká pošta was done a questionnairy exploration, whose aim was to find out information about the general working employee{\crq}s satisfaction and about the level of their motivation. Questionnaires were distributed to ninety employees; sixtyfive of them have handed over the questinnaire. On basis of the results of the analysis of motivation factors, on the basis of special literature and on the basis of the results founded out by means of questionnaires were proposed recommendations on modification of contemporary motivation programme applied in this company. The motivation programme in Česká pošta, s.p. is sufficiently elaborated and it is on very high level. This company sets the biggest accent on the sphere of the material award and the social care, as the biggest stimul. This company realizes, that the human resources are the most valuable capital and that the investment to their developement will return them.
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Characterization of functionalized fibres for mesenchymal stem cells cultivation and differentiation
Greplová, Jarmila ; Amler, Evžen (advisor) ; Rosina, Jozef (referee)
Modification of nanofibers is an actual trend in tissue engineering. Polyvinylacohol (PVA) is nontoxic and biodegradable polymer suitable for preparation of submicron fibers by electrospinning. Main disadvantage of PVA fibers is rapid degradation in aqueous environment. On the other hand surface of fibers contains free hydroxyl group that could be chemically modified. In recent work, chemical modification of PVA nanofibers prepared by needleless electrospinning was investigated. Polyethylenglykol (PEG) linker was introduced to the fiber surface by acylation (PVA-PEG) and further modified by biotin (PVA-PEG-b) as a function agent. Process of chemical modification does not affected fibrous morphology of samples. Interestingly, linkage of PEG-b linker promoted stability of PVA in aqueous environment. PVA-PEG-b sample was stable for 41 days. Stability of samples was strongly dependent on amount of introduced PEG-b linker, thus proposed method of modification allows to prepare nanofibers of different solubility. Additionally, biocompatibility of chemically modified nanofibers with both mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) and chondrocytes was determined. Proliferation of both cell types was not sufficient and number of cells decreased in time, probably because of high hydrophility of modified PVA scaffold. To...
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Needs of a patient after vitrectomy in ophthalmologist unit
CHIMIAKOVÁ, Soňa
The principle of a quality nursing care is a detection and satisfaction of biological, mental, social and spiritual needs which are altered by the illness. The mission of nurses is to help individuals, families and groups meet their current needs and achieve their maximum physical, mental and social satisfaction in accordance with the environment they live and work in. The objective of the thesis was to find out what kind of needs the patients after vitrectomy in ophtalmologist unit have and how are these needs satisfied. Another objective was to find out in which ways are the patients educated by the nurses. Before the research itself the questions were selected. The first question was to identify needs of patients after surgery in the opthalmologist unit in hospital in Kyjov and the second question was enquiry about meeting these needs. Third question raised was about education of patients after vitrectomy. The fourth question was to find out if the nurse can, by suitable education, prevent the patient from fear of returning home. The last fifth question was to find out if the nurses recommend cooperation with multidisciplinary team. The thesis consists of a theoretical and a practical part. The objective of the theoretical part was to give sufficient information on the patient´s needs. I also summarize problems which the patients may encounter when they are discharged from hospital and during subsequent socialization. In the practical part I used qualitative research using the method of case studies and in depth interviews with the use of dictaphone. The research sample consisted of patients in the ophtalmologic unit in hospital in Kyjov. Altogether, 10 patients were interviewed. The second part of research sample consisted of 5 nurses from the opthalmologist unit who were being observed while educating patients. In the discussion individual findings were discussed and reseach questions were evalutated. With regard to qualitative research the resulting hypotheses are stated in the last part of the thesis. The results show that the most frequent needs indicated by the patients were: absence of pain, security and safety, sleep and rest, food and drink and defecation. Furthermore, the needs of patients are being satisfied by suitable interventions. The nurse does help patients by suitable education to reduce the fear of returning home and the nurses do recommend cooperation with multidisciplinary team. The objective of the thesis was accomplished. The findings of the thesis can be used for training of nurses and medical staff who may encounter people with visual impairment also in other hospital units. They can contribute to improved care for these patients.
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Proteins demaged by oxidative stress, their role in physiology and ageing of yest cells
Mikešová, Jana ; Palková, Zdena (advisor) ; Borčin, Kateřina (referee)
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are regularly produced in cells as a by-product of aerobic metabolism. Hence, organisms developed various defence mechanisms, which are able to avoid molecular damages caused by ROS under physiological conditions. In stress conditions, however, such defence mechanisms are not sufficient to avoid molecular damages. Accumulation of oxidized proteins is supposed to be a reason for ageing and many diseases including Friedreich's ataxia, Amylotrophic lateral sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease and many others. During oxidative stress, reactive oxygen species are reflected in oxidation of cystein residues in transcription factors, regulation proteins and active canters centers of enzymes. Oxidative modifications however could lead also to changes in transcription factor activity and activation of specific pathways, including changes in gene expression, cell cycle and proteolysis. This work shows defence mechanisms, ROS and proteins altered by reactive oxygen species that may function as important signalling molecules, which are essential for many cellular processes.
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The multiple knapsack problem in use
Procházková, Lucie ; Sekničková, Jana (advisor) ; Suchánková, Tereza (referee)
In the area of integer linear programming problems is placed the knapsack problem, including its modifications. Among them is the multiple knapsack problem which is the subject of this thesis. In connection with the interpretation of results is necessary to extend the knapsack problem to integer conditions that are most often transformed into a bivalent conditions. This greatly increases the computational complexity of these tasks. Despite the fact that solutions exist for the exact algorithms, often in the calculation of some large problems can not be used. Approximate and sufficiently accurate results can be achieved by using heuristics and other techniques that have been created for this purpose. Subchapters in the first part further describe the variation of the knapsack problem, in the second part subchapters followed, and present some possible use in practice.
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Analysis of finacial products for funding of houshold's financial needs
Soukupová, Martina ; Ducháčková, Eva (advisor)
The structure of tjs bachelor work is divided in 3 separate parts. I am describing particular financial needs of a general household in the first chapter. The second chapter contains details of developing sufficient financial sources and reserves for retirement by way of financial products, which include supplementary insurance and pension funds. The last part describes means of protecting health hazard using various private insurance modifications.
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Sound variability of Czech interrogative sentences in spontaneous speech
Hýblová, Lucie ; Volín, Jan (referee) ; Palková, Zdena (advisor)
This work undertakes the problems of intonation in Czech. The aim of this research is to analyse and describe phonetic variability of Czech interrogative sentences, particularly in spontaneous speech. The intonation fulfils certain linguistic functions in Czech. Structures of the basic patterns of intonation (melodeme) are described and standardized, but aspects of spontaneous and dialogic utterances have not been described sufficiently yet. Our research deal with variability, occurrence and behaviour of basic types of questions (yes-no and wh-questions) and their modifications in spontaneous speech, which are given by context and situation or given by the difference between semantic and formal aspects. It was found yes-no questions (with all their modifications) to be the most frequented questions in spontaneous dialogues of our type. We also found semantic modifications to have the same distribution as the standard ones whereas formal congruent types behave unlikely. The research is based on spontaneous task-oriented dialogues and read text of dialogical character. We focuse on detail description of concrete tonal progression of melodic contour, we also take into account broader melodic context in the case of basic types of questions. We analyse both types oftext in the same manner, then the comparison is...
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Two-dimensional Cutting Problems
Rada, Miroslav ; Fábry, Jan (advisor) ; Jablonský, Josef (referee)
The thesis first addresses the typology of cutting problems and their relationship to the packing problems. These are categorized (Wascher et al (2005)) according to 5 basic kriteria into the so-called "refined problem types", which is the sufficiently detailed and practical segmentation of cutting problems. The thesis deals with a selected sample of some of the most interesting algorithms from the wide range of those used to solve the cutting problems. The Viswanathan-Bagchi algorithm for the exact solution of constrainted two-dimensional orthogonal Cutting stock probléme with gillotine cuts is briefly described. It enables to process a wide range of additional problem constraints. The body of the thesis concentrates on heuristic algorithms used to solve orthogonal Open dimension problems. The Best-fit algorithm according to Burke et al. (2004) is described in detail. The work introduces two modifications of this algorithm that helped improve the solution in 42 out of the 89 benchmark problems, while a worse solution was achieved only in 10 of them. Moreover, new and more effective data structures and procedures that enable to solve the testing exercise with approx 50 000 rectangles in just about 2,5 seconds have been introduced.
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