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Comparison of cytokine production by leukocytes from newborns of healthy and allergic mothers
Dusilová, Adéla ; Hrdý, Jiří (advisor) ; Janatková, Ivana (referee)
The increasing incidence of children suffering from allergic diseases could be caused by sensitization of immature immune system during the intrauterine development. Several important scientific papers have demonstrated the ability of cord blood cells to respond by elevated proliferation activity after stimulation by common allergens. Following these findings, present study follows the production of cytokines which play a role in the pro- and anti-allergenic tuning of the immune system. Umbilical cord blood cells were stimulated with polyclonal activators (phytohaemagglutinin) and common allergens (ovalbumin, timothy grass, birch, mite). Subsequently, cytokine production was monitored using selected methods that reflect different stages of cell activation - at the level of mRNA by quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR), by flow cytometry detection of the presence of intracellular cytokines in different cell subpopulations and by ELISA measurement of cytokines in CBMC culture supernatants. The results obtained point to a very weak ability of these common allergens (timothy grass, birch, mite, ovalbumin) to stimulate CBMC to produce cytokines observed by all of these methodological procedures. Although we did not observe significant differences in CBMC cytokine production (IL-2, IL-4, IL-10, IL-12,...
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Chronic disorders that occur at elementary schools
Menoušková, Tereza ; Zvírotský, Michal (referee) ; Hanušová, Jaroslava (advisor)
Reces on chronic disorders that occur at elementary schools. It mainly talks about formulation, structure, procedure, analysis of effects, and preventiv of the chronic disorders. Detailed focus is on identifying school children suffering from some chronic diseases such as asthma, diabetes, eczema, or flu. Reports and cooperation on an "Asthma, eczema, diabetes, flu" project were used to detect the suffering children. Both, healthy and sick children cooperate to achieve set goals within the project. Lastly, the matter of this thesis also includes prevention - recommendation to parents, whose children suffer from the diseases mentioned above. Theoretical observations having reference to chronic diseases, structure of reports, methods of evaluating the effects, preparation of the project and recommendation to parents whose children suffer from chronic disease are applied to completed report examination, project implementation, and discussion with parents.
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Allergen-specific immunotherapy from the perspective of nurses.
BEJTICOVÁ, Lenka
The subject matter of the bachelor thesis is specific allergen immunotherapy from the perspective of nurses. The work is divided into theoretical and practical parts. The concepts associated with the topic are explained in the theoretical section of the thesis. These concepts are as follows: allergy, allergen, immunity, sensitization, anaphylaxis and specific allergen therapy. Basic allergic diseases, work and role of the nurse are also described in the theoretical part. The practical part of the thesis contains four goals: the first three goals relate to nurses working in allergology ambulances; the fourth goal is focused on the needs of patients undergoing treatment with specific allergen immunotherapy. The first goal was to find out nurses' knowledge related to the specific allergen immunotherapy, second one dealt with the skills of nurses in the administration of specific allergen immunotherapy and the patients education process realised by nurses in allergology ambulances represented the third goal of the thesis. The fourth objective focused on the needs of patients undergoing treatment with specific allergen immunotherapy. To achieve these objectives the qualitative inquiry method of semi-structured interviews and observations were used. The research group consisted of four nurses working in private allergology ambulances in South Bohemia and four patients undergoing treatment with specific allergen immunotherapy. The research showed that nurses working in allergology ambulances have enough knowledge and skills in administration of specific allergen immunotherapy. The primary needs of patients can be determined as the need to be informed and to perceive the positive attitude of nurses and physicians to the patients.
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Chronically ill child in the primary school
HARŠÁNIOVÁ, Pavla
This bachelor thesis describes and analyses the issues of chronically ill children of younger school age in the period of their basic school years. This thesis first mentions the historical aspects and the historical development of the care for the people and mainly children with the health disadvantage focused on the chronical diseases, some personalities, who contributed to the development of the care for chronically ill, and additionally had impact on the foundation of the specialized instituitions for chronically ill people. This thesis also mentions the social attitude and the of the experts toward children with chronical disease and institutions which care of chronically ill children. Furthermore this thesis also desccribes the characteristics, etiology, diagnostics, risks and crisis situations, therapy and treatment and prevention of those chronical diseases, further elaborated in the practical research part of the thesis. The last of the theoretical are the reasonings, hypothesis and reflections about the influence and inputs of chronic diseases on current basic school attendance and teaching at the basic school are further, based on the through questionaires performed research in the practical part of the thesis, either confirmed or disproved, there is also a reflection about possible solutions in the pedagogical practice.
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Allergic child in Kindergarten. Atopic dermatitis
KANDĚROVÁ, Lucie
This bachelor's work is focused on allergic diseases among children at the preschool age, especially on the atopic dermatitis. In the theoretical part I describe the issues of allergies, their sorting, therapy, one of the most common allergic diseases called atopic dermatitis in detail and psychological view of the socialization of children who are in terms of health disadvantaged. In the practical part of this work I focused on observing of the child with atopic dermatitis from my (preschool teacher's) point of view. In this part there are also interviews with the parents of the child, with the chief of the school canteen and with the preschool teachers, who were already confronted with a child that has atopic dermatitis.
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The quality of life of children with allergy in Český Krumlov
LOJDOVÁ, Alena
This bachelor thesis deals with the potential influence of allergies over children's well being in several domains of quality of life. It is specifically concerned with pubescent children between 12 and 15 years of age living in the Town of Cesky Krumlov and its surroundings. The theoretic part is concerned with the source and the problems of the allergic disease and definition of the terms, pubescence and quality of life. The practical part of this bachelor thesis is focused on the research of the allergic children's quality of life in the importance health and diurnal rhythm domains. The Questionnaires were created for the research of GAJU project ?The psycho-social Indicators in comparison to the Circadian rhythm? for the purpose of measuring the quality of life of children and young adults. The selection of several questions from two standardized questionnaires creates the methods of research. Socially oriented questions were taken from the Quality of life questionnaire Cummins (1997), ComQoL ? S5. Questions related to circadian rhythms were selected from the questionnaire Circadian typology CIT (Harada, Krejčí, 2010). The results of this research were compared to the results of another qualification thesis which was concluded by the colleagues Vašinová, Librová, Bláhová and Křesťan (2012) from the Faculty of education at the University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice.
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The nurse's role in secondary prevention in patients with allergic disease
PELEŠKOVÁ, Adéla
The work is divided into a theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part of the work is focused on explaining the basic concepts in allergology, types of allergies are presented, their symptoms and treatment. Furthermore, the work describes the types of prevention and the task of a nursing in allergology. In the practical part of the work three goals were set up. The first goal was to determine the role of a nurse in secondary prevention in patients / clients with an allergic disease. The second objective of the research was to determine whether differences exist by nurses in the provision of secondary prevention in patients / clients with an allergic disease at selected sites. The third objective was to determine how nurses prepare patients / clients for the adherence to a treatment regimen associated with their allergic disease. To achieve these objectives a qualitative research method of semi-structured interviews has been selected. The research group consisted of ten nurses, two nurses working in the allergology ambulance at the hospital and four nurses from private ambulances in České Budějovice, two nurses from private ambulances and one from the allergology ambulance at the hospital in Písek, and one nurse from the private allergology ambulance in Strakonice.
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Faktory životního prostředí ve vztahu ke zdraví
Ústav hematologie a krevní transfuze, Praha ; Zdravotní ústav Středočeského kraje, Praha ; Ústav experimentální medicíny AV ČR, Praha ; Rössner, Pavel ; Topinka, Jan ; Dostál, Miroslav ; Brdička, Radim ; Šrám, Radim
Výzkum metodicky navazuje na Program Teplice I a II, Program "Znečištění ovzduší a zdraví" a téma "Znečištění ovzduší a ochrana zdraví" (VaV/740/5/03), při jejichž řešení byly získány unikátní poznatky o výsledcích těhotenství a části narozených dětí v prvních třech letech života (u dětí narozených v období 1994 – 1999). Novým pohledem jsou literární informace o vlivu genetického polymorfismu na infekční onemocnění i úspěšnost očkování u dětí. Cílem je modelovat na populaci dětí v Teplicích a Prachaticích využití nejnovějších poznatků toxikogenomiky pro hodnocení rizika environmentální expozice. Vzhledem k dlouhodobému sledování znečištěného ovzduší, které se na základě nedávných údajů stále mění, nyní i ve smyslu zvýšení expozic, je vhodné pokračovat v analýze výsledků těhotenství v Teplicích a zahájit podobnou studii v Prachaticích od r. 2006. Nové je zařazení projektu s využitím nových poznatků z oblasti toxikogenomiky. Řešené téma představuje komplexní přístup k hodnocení znečištění ovzduší a jeho vlivu na dětskou populaci. Návrh byl rozšířen o požadavek MŽP ČR zhodnotit zátěž pražského ovzduší u profesionálně exponované skupiny pracovníků řidičů Dopravního podniku hl.m. Prahy. Pro zajištění cíle tématu "Faktory životního prostředí ve vztahu ke zdraví" je řešeno pět projektů: Dopady znečištění ovzduší na výsledky těhotenství; Změny genotypu v populaci vystavené zvýšené genotoxické zátěži; Znečištění ovzduší a alergické projevy onemocnění dětí; Studium genotoxicity a mutagenity komplexních směsí organických látek v ovzduší v modelových systémech in vitro; Hodnocení projevů genotoxicity u profesionálně exponovaných osob.
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