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Phylogeography of Pipistrellus pipistrellus species complex
Chudárková, Adéla ; Hulva, Pavel (advisor) ; Janko, Karel (referee)
(in English) Pipistrellus pipistrellus species complex contains two sympatric species inhabiting Europe and part of West and Central Asia (Pipistrellus pipistrellus s. str, Pipistrellus pygmaeus s. str) and several other lines, isolated in the Mediterranean (North Africa, islands and peninsulas of the Mediterranean Sea). This taxon is a part of the extensive radiation within the genus Pipistrellus, which in today's concept includes about 30 species. Mosaic line of P. pipistrellus complex, located at different stages of diversification and secondary contacts in the Mediterranean biodiversity hotspot, is a suitable model for research on speciation. In this thesis we focused on analyses of distribution, phylogeography, population structure and demography based on mitochondrial data from 323 individuals, representing almost the entire range. Control region of mitochondrial DNA was chosen as a genetic marker. Variability in the 378 pb long fragment acknowledged the existence of several genetically distinct lines whose species status is discussed. Observed fylogeografic pattern confirms the existence of groups of radiation centers in the Mediterranean region. An allopatric speciation was there, two of the lines (P. pipistrellus s. str and P. pygmaeus s. str.) later expanded into Europe and their ranges...
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Deposition and mobility of Pb in floodplain of Morava River in Strážnice area
Gemeinerová, Veronika ; Grygar, Tomáš Matys (advisor) ; Hruška, Jakub (referee)
This work was focused on geochemical methods and analyses which were used for lithologic and facial description of floodplain sedimentary records and also for determination of depth dependence of Pb concentration and evaluation of possible mobility of Pb in six profiles, which were taken across the floodplain in two locations in the southern part of Morava River in study area called Strážnické Pomoraví. The aim was to confirm the stability of concentration of Pb in upper parts of all six profiles. Performing these analyses, a possible migration of Pb in lower parts of some profiles has unexpectedly been revealed. For better facial description of the profiles in floodplain fines, proxy methods such as cation exchange capacity (CEC), elementary analysis using energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (EDXRF) and also determination of content of magnetic particles using magnetic susceptibility in depth profiles were used. The results of these proxy methods were confirmed by conventionally used geochemical methods - BCR sequential extraction, elementary analysis with determination of Pb isotope ratios using ICP MS, and granulometric analysis.
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Porovnání různých technologií pěstování ozimé řepky
Kamanová, Vendula
The aim of this study was to compare the cropping technologies of winter oilseed rape in six farms in twelve field stands in potato production area. The comparison was made in the production season 2012-2013. For all field stands records of technological operations were kept. In autumn, an assessment of quality of established crop stands and state of oilseed rape was made before the winter season. In the spring, the inventory of stands after overwintering was made and before harvest followed a data collection for the assessment of yield making up components. After harvest, the yield was assessed and then compared with the estimated yield. There were found out qualitative parameters after seed analyses in the laboratory. The costs were assigned to individual work operations and material inputs. Rape was grown after different previous crops. For location used in bachelor work was shown that the most appropriate previous crop was winter barely. Different varieties were compared, but with various success. The highest yield had a hybrid variety PR45D03. This confirms the importance of balanced fertilization of winter oilseed rape and well-timed interventions against harmful agents. A comparison of cultivation technology and the subsequent calculation of costs and benefits showed that the amount of profit does not depend on the amount of yield level.
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Optimization of the hop harvest in relation to maximizing product quality indicators
PEŠINA, Milan
The thesis analyses and evaluates content and composition of bitter acids by HPLC method and Hop Storage Index (HSI). These methods were applied on samples taken from four varieties of hop (Saaz, Brewer, Premiant and Agnus) in four locations (Blšany, Běsno, Nesuchyně and Strojetice) of žatec hop-growing area in the period from 18. 8. 2012 to 4. 9. 2012 during the hop harvest. Furthermore, the influence of the drying procedures on the hops was monitored, it means, difference in the content and composition of bitter acids between green and dry hops and the comparison between the band and chamber drying rooms.
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A 19m Deep Well – a Downward Thermal Diffusion Cloud Chamber?
Holub, R.F. ; Hopke, P.K. ; Hovorka, J. ; Otahal, P. ; Ždímal, Vladimír
An unusual phenomenon, first observed on a clear summer day after several rainy days, were droplets constantly hitting the water surface in a 19 m deep and 2.4 m diameter water well. This droplet formation was occurring during the night as well. Since the droplet formation was near continuous, we called it “the eternal rain”. The water well is about 230 years old and located in the Benedictine monastery in Broumov, Czech Republic.
Fulltext: content.csg -  PDF
Plný tet: SKMBT_C22013091713150 - PDF
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Dynamika solitárních vln při filmovém toku kapalin
Tihon, Jaroslav
The regular solitary waves on the surface of a liquid film flowing down an inclined stationary plate were excited by means of the flow rate pulsations. The results of experimental investigations provided the basic characteristics of surface waves and confirmed the existence of a small backflow region located just in front of the solitary waves.
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Methodological Foundations of the Diagnosis of Olympic Knowledge, Values and Principles
Voříšková, Martina ; Rychtecký, Antonín (advisor) ; Dovalil, Josef (referee) ; Bebčáková, Viera (referee)
Methodological Foundations of the Diagnosis of Olympic Knowledge, Values and Principles Olympic education is influenced by many institutions (IOC, NOC, NOA etc.) which are connected with cooperation with educational and scientific institutions at the university level. One of the possibilities to spread the Olympic idea among population is Olympic education at schools. The object of our research was to modify the Rychtecky`s Czech version of the original survey "Olympic questionnaire" by Telama et al. from 1998. At the same time we reduced the survey and created a shorter version more useful in school settings. Another object of our research was to identify and specify similar tendencies between 12-year-old and 15-year-old adolescents. It was followed by the evaluation of possible change in perception of values of the targeted population. Our sample consisted of 597 adolescents (12 and 15 years old) from 7 grammar schools from Southern Bohemia location. The results of our research demonstrated significant extremity in girls` attitudes (p<0,05 - p<0,001) toward the fair play behaviour in sport. Younger respondents also perceived fair play models more positively than older respondents (p<0,05) which was confirmed by bigger tolerance to violence by the older respondents (p<0,05). Older respondents had...
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Traffic lanes merging analysis and possible improvement measures
Mikolášek, Igor ; Ščerba, Marek (referee) ; Holcner, Petr (advisor)
The presented thesis deals with lane merging at lane drops. The theory of traffic flow is briefly introduced and put into the perspective of lane merging. Forming of queues at lane drops, the capacity drop and traffic flow behaviour at lane merging is explained. A review of existing measures at lane drops at work zones and elsewhere is provided. Measurements of traffic flow from three different locations are presented. The locations are introduced, the methods used for analysis of the data are explained and the results are provided and discussed. The capacity drop is confirmed and the first proof of concept of the later introduced metering system is presented. The behaviour of the merging drivers was found to have a significant influence on the merging capacity during congestion. Further, an overview of existing applications of traffic light in traffic flow control is provided and ramp metering and mainstream metering is explained. The new metering system for lane drops is presented including several possible modifications and extensions. Finally, the proposed metering system is tested in microsimulation software Aimsun. The simulations further confirm the viability of such systems. It brings significant capacity improvements and consequently even greater improvements of delays and travel times due to shorter queues.
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Analysis of high-frequency activity in electroencephalogram of animal epilepsy model
Havel, T. ; Kudláček, J. ; Jiruška, Přemysl ; Ježdík, P. ; Čmejla, R.
High frequency oscillations (HFO) are believed to be a new specific biomarker of epileptogenic tissue. According to the reported findings, we hypothesized that HFOs occur more specific to the epileptogenic tissue. To test this hypothesis, we analyzed intracranial electroencephalograms (iEEG) of three subjects of animal epilepsy model. Overall 180 minutes of iEEG records were processed by the automatic high frequency activity detector and further analyzed. The dominant frequency of each segment was determined and categorized as ripples (80-200 Hz) or fast ripples (200-1000 Hz). Even though overall number of HFO detections predominate in the hemisphere where epileptic focus is located, in comparison of each brain structure separately our hypothesis cannot be fully confirmed.
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Vliv odstupňovaných dávek dusíku na druhovou skladbu polopřirozeného travního porostu
Šromová, Kristýna
ABSTRACT This diploma thesis is valuating an influence of a nitrogen fertilization on species structure of a semi-natural grassland. Experimental site is located 650 m in the Bohemian-Moravian Highlands in locality of Kameničky. From 2012-2013 four variants of fertilization has been compared (unfertilised, fertilized 45 kg.ha-1 N + PK, fertilized 90 kg.ha-1 N + PK, fertilized 135 kg.ha-1 N + PK and fertilised 180 kg.ha-1 N + PK) and two variants of fertilizers (two-edged and triple-edged). Additionally, I am dealing in detail with outproductive functions of permanent grassland and analysis of individual plant species represented at the observed site. All the obtained results show, that species diversity decreases with fertilizers, which on the contrary increases production of fodder. Fertilising with N increases (P<0,05) proportion of cultural grasses, but simultaneously decreases (P<0,05) proportion of herbs and clovers. Regarding intensity of utilising, fertilisers triple-edged were more species diverse, a diversity index confirms this fact.
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