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The Problematic of Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) Occuring in Office-Buildings in České Budějovice - Health Consequences and Possible Prevention.
ŠVADLENKOVÁ, Radka
A modern person spends most time closed inside houses, offices, schools and other institutions, and if he feels unwell or experiences accute health and comfort effects, his every day life can be highly influenced both mentally and physically. Most symptoms of illnesses or indispositions appear in people living or working inside buildings for no apparent reason. Having left the building, health problems often diminish or even disappear. The complaints mostly include irritation of eye mucous membranes, upper and lower airways and skin, hypersensitiveness, mental and physical fatique, stomach upset and diziness. It is known as a ``sick building syndrome``. ``Sick building syndrome`` (SBS) results into significant decrease of human performance and frequent absences. However, it can lead to worse interpersonal relations, often connected with lower productivity of labour. ``Sick building syndrome`` has been known for many years. Its occurence is numerous but the cause for it have not yet been revealed. More negative factors seem to coincide. The positive moment is that many people are aware of the problem so many new SBS studies and publications have appeared recently. This diploma thesis consists of two parts. The first one, theoretical, and the other is practical. The practical part is focused on research work. The goal of my thesis was to compare a modern air-conditioned building with an older one, without air-conditioning while observing the SBS symptoms which appeared in office occupants in České Budějovice. I also investigated public awareness of this problem together with other issues related. I consider the findings very contributive to professionals in this field, the National Institute of Public Health and common population interested in the problem.
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Diferences in body image in eating disorders and obesity
PULCOVÁ, Klára
ABSTRACT Eating disorders (mental anorexia and bulimia) and obesity entail grave health, social and economic problems, and lead to detrimental health consequences, often irreversible consequences. Currently the disorders affect about 6% of population, with young girls particularly vulnerable and 16% of women obese. As the relevant surveys reveal, these figures are constantly on the rise. Apart from producing somatic symptoms, both the disorders, anorexia and bulimia, have been observed to bring about typical negative emotions and maladaptive cognition, first and foremost a distorted (negative) self-image focused on inappropriate perception of own body also known as the body image. The paper aims to find out and mutually compare features characteristic of the body image issues as they relate to the eating disorders and obesity / excessive weight. The paper is based on a survey combining qualitative and quantitative research strategies. To collect data, both strategies employed the technique of inquiry - the qualitative part relied on the theory of semi-structured interviews while the quantitative part used a questionnaire. The data thus acquired were processed by quantitative and qualitative procedures. Building on the previous Bachelor paper intended to map the issues of body image in persons with eating disorders, this paper expands the previous survey set of women suffering the condition and adds a new set of obese females. Results of the qualitative part of the survey brought about hypotheses on how the mentioned disorders affected the body image. The quantitative part of the survey revealed similar characteristics in the perceived body image in both the sets, but disclosed also some differences. Significant differences were found when the body image of the diseased persons was compared with that encountered in healthy population. This paper can boost the awareness of this subject in lay public but also in professional community, primarily where psychotherapy and prevention are regarded.
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Aspects of social solidarity in the perception of young people
VANÍČKOVÁ, Adéla
This bachelor thesis deals with the attitude of the young generation to fulfil the principles of social solidarity in the Czech Republic. The main task is to record and map out the areas, where the marks of social solidarity appear, and to find out how the fulfilment is accepted by the young people. The first half of theoretical part is applied to characterization of social solidarity, its development and every single areas, where the principles are being fulfilled. The social solidarity plays an important role in the company and it is an import part of it. The solidarity is applied in the social security system, in health, education, living and family policy or is proceeding completelly out of public sector. The second part of theroretical part describes in greater detail possible ways of its implementation towards the certain groups. Three kinds of solidarity are presented in this work: obligatory, voluntary and intergeneration. The obligatory solidarity is realized through the social security system and the health care. The voluntary solidarity is realized mostly out of public sector and it is more valuable and better evaluated than the compulsory solidarity. The voluntary solidarity is applied on through the variety of charitable and non-profit organizations and we speak about formal kind of volunteering. On the other hand, informal volunteering is considered as acting when somebody relinquish of something or provides help to somebody else without having any reward expectations. Intergeneration solidarity was in the past comprehended as handing over values, standards, knowledge and experience in frame of family. Nowadays in view of the fact that the age of lives is getting longer and the population is rising, demand of intergeneration solidarity out of family is also rising. The volunteereing could be a good instrument for intergeneration learning. The practical part of this work describes the opinions of enquired respondents to fulfil the principles of social solidarity in the Czech Republic. To arrange all necessary information the quantitative form of investigation has been used. The method of questionaire has been applied. The number of 188 young people participated in this kind of research. The main task was to find out how the young people feel the fulfilment of social solidarity principles in practise. The partial goal was to investigate ? how the young people feel the compulsory and the voluntary solidarity towards chosen social groups. According to the research results, the young people perceive better the voluntary solidarity, however, mostly they take part in informal kind of volunteering. Formal volunteering, i.e. charity and non-profit organization activities are maximal supported by themselves as well. Regarding the obligatory solidarity it has been find out some differencies, especially by the social security system, where is by the way the solidarity of highearning ones with lowearning ones is being fulfilled. Two hypothesis were stated in this kind of research. The first one said that the voluntary solidarity will be better accepted by young people than the compulsory one. The second hypothesis assumed that the young people will feel the affirmative intergeneration demand. Both of them were confirmed on statistic basis. In my opinion, the young people feel the social solidarity system in the Czech Republic in positive way. Most of addressed respondents apply the solidarity towards single social group and furthermore feel affirmative the requirement of intergeneration solidarity realization. However, the results point out that there is slight disagreement with redistributive state policy. This work could help to understand better the relationship between young generation and the essential atribute of social citizienship. Eventually to identification of attitudes heading for restricting the redistribution rate towards the social needy individuals.
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Alimentary Infection and Intoxication in the Region of České Budějovice
PRAŽMOVÁ, Zuzana
The incidence of alimentary infection is closely connected with the standard of living and the lifestyle. Even though hygiene and health education seem to be maintained at a high level, there is a yearly incidence of alimentary infections in the Czech Republic.The theoretical part of this Bachelor´s work summarises basic information of alimentary diseases as they are reported in professional literature. The attention is paid to different kinds of alimentary infections, their brief description and prevention essentials which were introduces as the 5 keys by the World Health Organisation. The aim of the practical part has been to find out how much are the inhabitants in the region of České Budějovice informed about safe handling of food and what they know about infection risks resulted from unsuitable or inappropriate food handling. There were three hypotheses stated at the beginning. A quantitative research method, a questionnaire, was used. The survey was realised in the region of České Budějovice and the research set was made up by randomly chosen respondents of both laymen and professionals (students of the Faculty of Health and Social Studies). Three hundred respondents were asked to complete the questionnaire. The questionnaire data, statistically processed, have proved the hypotheses. The findings have shown that the common knowledge of safe food handling is not yet satisfactory in the region of České Budějovice. The Bachelor´s work can be used as a supportive material in health education realised by the state authorities or as a study material for students and general public.
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Smoking - The Current Treatment Possibilities of Nicotine Addiction
CHYTILOVÁ, Monika
In comparison with other countries the Czech Republic has a relatively high prevalence of tobacco smoking. What is alarming is the growing number of 15-year-olds who smoke at least one cigarette a week. While in 1997 to 1998 this comprised 22% of boys and 18 % of girls, in 2001 to 2002 this figure had increased to almost 29% of boys and 31% of girls. Around 30 % of adults in this country are smokers, yet 70 % of these, i.e. around one and a half people, want to quit. Very few of them are successful without adequate therapy. This is also the reason why in 2008 a total of six tobacco addiction treatment centres were established.So far we have no accurate economic data relating to the costs of treating smoking and other health complications which result from smoking. There is, however, no reason to assume that these figures would be particularly different from those for other European countries. Some health insurance companies are aware of the high costs of treating smoking-related illnesses and are actively providing financial and non-financial support to those wishing to quit.The aim of this bachelor{\crq}s thesis was to determine how well-informed the population is as regards the options for treating nicotine addiction; also to map out the most common reasons that lead smokers to quit. In this work I have used the anonymous questionnaire technique to investigate this issue. A total of 100 people over the age of 15 were questioned. Hypothesis 1 assumes that the majority of the population knows about at least one way of treating nicotine addiction. Hypothesis 2 assumes that the majority of the population, if they smoke or if they were to smoke, would first seek expert advice from their GP. Hypothesis 3 assumes that the most important motive for stopping smoking is to save money.This work can be used as the basis for further bachelor{\crq}s or diploma theses on a similar topic, or to supplement courses at ZSF JU University in České Budějovice.
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Main Tasks of the Pastoral Care for Seniors
Čepelková, Veronika ; Opatrný, Aleš (advisor) ; Málek, Vladimír (referee)
Anglická anotace (English annotation) Main tasks of the pastoral care for seniors The introductory chapter of the diploma thesis contains definition of ageing. This definition shows that the notion of ageing touches all people of all ages, but the signs of ageing are more visible with old people. This chapter also deals with the question when a man becomes old. The beginning of the senior age cannot be defined exactly though there are various theories and classifications. The growth of the senior population appeals to the society and health, social and pastoral work that they should deal with the issue and provide seniors with sufficient care and support. The theology of ageing in the second chapter is based primarily on the Bible, which often refers to ageing. Old people have special privileges as well as tasks here. The chapter also deals with the theology of John Paul II. This theology is based primarily on the Letter to the Elderly, in which the former Pope addresses all older people ecumenically, and encourages them to be able to go through their old age in association with the God and other people in the spirit of the Gospel. In this mission, it is important that a senior creates the correct idea of the God. The old age is not a disease, but it brings diseases. This information, among others, is...
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Tobacco products, their composition, adverse health effects and prevention
Faustová, Lenka ; Bártová, Jiřina (advisor)
Modern time pose heavy claims to people in career as well as in personal sphere; which move towards increasing one's stress. Not anybody can bear up against stress well, therefore people often "helps" themselves by smoking tobacco. The "help" often comes to a nicotine dependency, which seemingly fights against the stress. Children start smoking sooner and sooner. The score is ill-timed knowing about health hazards and recently growing busyness of their parents who spend less time with children and education becomes ineffective. This study should help you to get compact view of tobacco problem, its impressions and incidence to organism and shows some possibilities how to give up smoking. It also affects nonsmokers preventively.
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Process and rate of disability among seniors
Malá, Marcela ; Tomeš, Igor (advisor) ; Šťastná, Jaroslava (referee)
The most characteristic feature of the demographic development in the Czech Republic and other developed countries is population ageing. The aim of the thesis "The process and rate of disability among seniors" was to determine the extent to which disability interferes with the lives of the seniors and to map the development, progress and conditions of the pension system. After an introductory overview of basic concepts, a part of the thesis deals with a theoretical analysis of the European framework of social security of seniors and another part is concerned with the reform of disability pensions in the Czech Republic. The focus is also on the forms of care for disabled pensioners. The last chapter of a theoretical part deals with deinstitutionalization. The empirical part analyzes the areas related to the development of population structure, administrative agenda, overview of pensions according to the WHO diagnosis groups, total overview of disability pensions, the development of the structure of pensions, financing of pension administration, and the average age of retired people. The economic side is also included, where pensions are compared with average salary and also the economic activity of seniors, housing, health and social services. The research is quantitative and confirms the current global...
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Therapeutic communication in nursing process
POLÁKOVÁ, Lenka
The therapeutical communication is inseparable part of nurse work. Because of this fact is unambigously needed to pay more attention particularly at quality nurse education how to communicate therapeuticly with a patient. Treatment communication can influence on significant way to better communication with patient and also positively change his physical and mental state.
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Epidemiology of acute respiratory infections in the Czech Republic
Poláčková, Eva ; Kynčl, Jan (advisor)
Acute respiratory infections are among the most important disease affecting a large proportion of the population annually. They are the most common cause of incapacity and absence at school. They represent a very serious health and economic problem. They are also an important source of nosocomial infections, which are involved in about 10 - 20%. There is usually seasonal incidence with a maximum in autumn and winter times of the year, in our conditions. It is estimated, that worldwide go down with severe form of influenya 3 to 5 million people annually. 250 000 to 500 000 of them die. Respiratory infections are also deseases, that can be effectively prevented or at least stopped form complication progressing by certain preventive measures. These preventive measures are for example vaccination, compliance with lifestyle or support the immune systém.
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