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Current psychological approaches to the subject of autobiographical memory
Vlčková, Irena ; Čermák, Ivo
The research of memory has always been one of the most important topics in cognitive psychology while the particular research of the autobiographical memory has started in the last decades. In this paper the development of the autobiographical memory research is outlined through the different psychological approaches such as the social sonstructivism; the cognitive psychology and the discoursive psychology. The discoursive psychology highlights the interplay of self, memory and culture in the autobiographical memory development. The cognitive psychology developed the motivational theory of the autobiographical memory whereas its function is to preserve information about individual`s goals and motives. The narrative approach to the autobiographical memory is also mentioned thus presents the subject of the autobiographical memory in the comprehensive and many-layered perspective.
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Program a kniha abstrakt
Štěpánek, Petr
Book of abstracts of the 45. Microsymposium on Structure and dynamics of self-organized macromolecular systems. The scope of this meeting was to bring together scientists working in the area of synthetic polymers and copolymers and interested in self-organization.
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Elastic tubes in the mode of self-excited oscillation
Chlup, Hynek ; Maršík, František ; Konvičková, S.
Our paper studies experimentally the self-excited oscillations of thin-walled elastic tubes with respect to the Korotkoff sounds. The self-excited oscillation is a phenomenon, when an elastic tube looses stability of its shape and starts to oscillate, loaded only by continual flow, therefore without any external excitation. The mean flow rates, pressures at the ends of the tube, external pressures and photographs of the shape in two planes were recorded under various modes of oscillation. The effective cross-section and Young’s modulus of the tube wall were calculated by simplified formulas. The data analysis showed an increase of the oscillation frequency with a decrease of the tube wall compliance. It means the frequency of the oscillation is dependent on ratio of the wall thickness and the tube diameter. The mode of the oscillation is also influenced by the transmural pressure. The influence of the axial pretension of the tube is being studied now.
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Self-excited oscillation of the thin-walled elastic tubes
Chlup, Hynek ; Maršík, František ; Konvičková, S.
The simulation of the fluid flow through elastic pipes has many applications in a blood flow through human vessels – investigation of such phenomena as an atherosclerosis generation in artery walls, the Korotkoff's sounds generation or modeling of vascular mechanical substitutes (the so called "stents") and is therefore widely studied. Aim task is to solve the blood flow through the elastic tubes analytically, numerically and experimentally and to analyze the relation of the mechanical properties of the blood and of the vessel wall and flow instabilities, all focused on biomechanics of the cardio-vascular system. The analysis shows that frequency of self-excited oscillations increases with the decrease of arterial compliance.
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Samobuzené oscilace elastické trubice
Chlup, Hynek ; Macková, H. ; Maršík, František ; Konvičková, S.
Our paper studies experimentally the self-excited oscillations of thin-walled elastic tubes with respect to the Korotkoff sounds. The self-excited oscillation is a phenomenon, when an elastic tube looses stability of its shape and starts to oscillate, loaded only by continual flow, therefore without any external excitation. An experimental set-up was designed for the experiments. The mean flow rates, pressures at the ends of the tube and external pressures were recorded under various modes of oscillation. The effective cross-section and elastic modulus of the tube were calculated by simplified formulas. The data analysis showed an increase of the oscillation frequency with a decrease of the tube wall compliance. It means the frequency of the oscillation is dependent on ratio of the wall thickness and the tube diameter. The mode of the oscillation is also influenced by the transmural pressure.
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Reflection and professionalisation of teacher´s work
Tichá, Marie
The need of professionalisation of teachers´ work grows. Therefore the cultivation especially of subject didactical competence is necessary. It includes not only acquirement of mathematical core of subject and its didactic elaboration but also the capability of creation of social climate that is suitable for students´cognition. One of the ways is realisation of qualified pedagogical reflection.
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Zacelování povrchových trhlin u nanokompozitní keramiky typu Al2O3/SiC
Flašar, Petr ; Dlouhý, Ivo ; Chlup, Zdeněk ; Ando, K.
Indentation strength and self-crack-healing ability were systematically studied using beams containing a semi-elliptical surface crack made by Vickers indentor. Beams of Al2O3/SiC ceramic nanocomposite with a good self-crack-healing ability predetermined for four-point and three-point bending test were prepared by ceramographics techniques. Flexural strength and fracture toughness were determined using three- and four-point bend method. Thermal aging at 1573 K for 1h was applied to heal the samples with indentation pre-cracking. Fractographical analyses using an optical and/or scanning electron microscopy has been carried out to investigate the surface crack behaviour. Very good self-crack healing ability has been proved for surface microcracks having length up to 250 μm and depth no higher than 100 μm.
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