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Singular Initial Value Problem for Ordinary Differential and Integrodifferential Equations
Archalousová, Olga ; Beránek, Jaroslav (referee) ; Růžičková,, Miroslava (referee) ; Šmarda, Zdeněk (advisor)
The thesis deals with qualitative properties of solutions of singular initial value problems for ordinary differential and integrodifferential equations which occur in the theory of linear and nonlinear electrical circuits and the theory of therminionic currents. The research is concentrated especially on questions of existence and uniqueness of solutions, asymptotic estimates of solutions and modications of Adomian decomposition method for singular initial problems. Solution algoritms are derived for scalar differential equations of Lane-Emden type using Taylor series and modication of the Adomian decomposition method. For certain classes of nonlinear of integrodifferential equations asymptotic expansions of solutions are constructed in a neighbourhood of a singular point. By means of the combination of Wazewski's topological method and Schauder xed-point theorem there are proved asymptotic estimates of solutions in a region which is homeomorphic to a cone having vertex coinciding with the initial point. Using Banach xed-point theorem the uniqueness of a solution of the singular initial value problem is proved for systems of integrodifferential equations of Volterra and Fredholm type including implicit systems. Moreover, conditions of continuous dependence of a solution on a parameter are determined. Obtained results are presented in illustrative examples.
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Problem of the crack terminating at the bimaterial interface
Svoboda, Miroslav ; Ševeček, Oldřich (referee) ; Profant, Tomáš (advisor)
The objective of this diploma thesis is the stress-strain analysis of the crack terminating at the orthotropic bi-material interface suggested as the plane problem of the linear fracture mechanics. The first part is engaged in basic relations of the linear fracture mechanics. The second part is focused on the singularity exponent evaluation for the crack impinging and generally inclined with respect to the bi-material interface. It follows the determination of the generalized stress intensity factors applying the analytical-numerical approach represented by the finite element analysis. The last part of this work is focused on the testing of algorithms applied to the specific crack and bi-material interface configurations. A conclusion discusses the influence of the bi-material mechanical properties and the angel of the crack inclination to the obtained numerical results.
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Srovnání vlastností druhů rodu Tilia rostoucích v alejích v okolí Hořic
Kráčmar, Jan
The goal of my thesis was to compare characteristics of two species of the genus Tilia growing in alleys close to Hořice town. Between Tilia platyphyllos Scop. and Tilia cordata Mill. following attributes were compared: stem height, stem diameter, the occurrence of knobs on the stems and its dependency on both species and treatments given to the tree. The values were obtained by tree measurements and processing the data into tables and graphs. The comparison showed that Tilia cordata Mill. reaches on evaluated locations higher stems than Tilia platyphyllos Scop. Tree diameter is affected by treatments: untrimmed Tilia platyphyllos Scop. individuals have bigger diameters. Tilia platyphyllos Scop. suffers more from knobs. Trimmed Tilia platyphyllos Scop. individuals suffer more from knobs in upper third of stems than those of Tilia cordata Mill.
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Problems of the crack near the bimaterial interface
Svoboda, Miroslav ; Klusák, Jan (referee) ; Profant, Tomáš (advisor)
Subject of this work is resolving problems of linear crack mechanics, description of stress and deformations in the vicinity of the top of the concentrator with plane elasticity theory in orthotropy materials. First part is engaged in basic relations in crack mechanics. Second part is engaged in numeric-analytic algorithm for determination of stress singularity of crack perpendicular to interface of two materials. Third part is focused on testing algorithm on specific configuration of material and tension of crack in bimaterial interface. In the conclusion, numeric results and impact of mechanic qualities of materials with crack perpendicular to their interface are evaluated.
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Sociálné vzťahy medzi oboma pohlaviami u paviánov dželada (Theropithecus gelada) v Zoo Zlín - Lešná
Baholet, Daria
Geladas baboons are the only representatives of the Old world monkeys. Manifestations of life and social relationships between animals are still not very explored. Therefore, this work focuses on a group of seven animals living in captivity in Zoo Zlin-Lešná. The observation focused on key social needs such as gathering food, exercise, rest, comfort behavior, sexual behavior, aggression and play. The observation started in the spring of 2014, was done in five observations. Results of observations are processed in the last part of the bachelor thesis using etograms and graphs. The observed activities were recorded in this representation: the largest part occupies the collection of food 44.2%. Further grooming 24.6%, observation of surroundings 10.4% and 8.1% movement. Followed by rating in 7.7%, manifestations of sexual behavior 2.3%, playing 1.7% and climbing trees 0.5%. The least represented is aggressive behavior 0.07%. The results observed on gelada baboons in Zoo Zlín-Lešná and approximately coincides with the prior knowledge of this kind
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Spontaneous restoration of wetlands on arable land.
VITTEK, Petr
Spontaneous restoration of wetlands on arable land was observed in the part of South Bohemia. The main aim of the study was to describe colonization of the newly formed wetlands by plants in relation to character of the site and its surroundings (age and size of the wetland, distance to the field margin and to a nearest permanent wetland). Data were collected during three seasons (2011, 2012 and 2013) and analyzed using linear regression and ordination analyses (DCA, CCA). There were found no significant effects of the distance from the permanent wetland and the distance to the edge of the field on species composition of the newly created wetlands, only some trends were obvious. The effect of successional age of wetlands on their species composition was significant. In general, it was shown that spontaneous restoration of wetlands on arable land is possible.
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The Knowing of Adolescents about HIV/AIDS
SOMPEKOVÁ, Zuzana
Summary My bachelor work ``The Knowing of Adolescents about HIV/AIDS{\crqq} wants to find out how our adolescents are informed about HIV/AIDS and protection against sexual diseases, how they behave sexually, if they observe rules of safe sex and what they know about handling with potentially contaminated hypos. The theoretical part considers the role of family in sexual education and the role of parents in relation to sexual education. The next question is when and how to start with such education which is closely connected with pubescence and relationship between adolescents and their parents. Then I follow up with ``sexual education at schools{\crqq}, I define sexual education as a school subject, its purposes and reasons of obligatory sexual education. A necessary attention was paid to safe sex, risky behaviour and areas of such behaviour of adolescents and influence factors of hazardous behaviour, which can be regarded from individual, family or social aspects. This work also tackles all sexual diseases and their prevention. There are three ways of prevention {--} primary, secondary and tertiary. I write about rules of successful prevention. The theoretical part is closed with risky and protective factors, such as heredity, personality of a child, family, school, contemporaries and environment in general. I used a questionnaire to treat my practical part. It was focused on the facts if adolescents are informed enough about HIV and AIDS, if they prevent during sexual intercourse and if they know how to handle a used hypo. The results are shown in graphs and tables. The survey showed that adolescents know quite a lot about HIV and AIDS but the information is not precise and sufficient. It is necessary to make more intensive and advanced-level preventive courses, expand sexual education, which should be realised already since lower school classes. A professional control of information on the Internet and in youth magazines should be assured together with an observation of using these sources of information as complementary. However, young people should be sure they will find neither invalid information nor disinformation there.
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A possible approach for assessment of general singular stress concentrators on the basis of linear elastic fracture mechanics
Náhlík, Luboš
This paper studies a stress distribution around a general singular stress concentrator tip on the basis of linear elastic fracture mechanics. A procedure for development of stability criteria of general singular stress concentrators is shown. Three different methods for determination of an essential critical stress for crack propagation from the stress concentrator tip are introduced. Each of used method is useful for different mechanism of crack propagation. The described procedures are based on three dissimilar physical basis: on the energetic ground – the generalized strain energy density factor is mentioned, on the failure stress of material grain ahead of concentrator tip and on the size of plastic zone in front of concentrator tip. The numerical results can contribute to better understanding of general stress concentrators behaviour and can be used for design of engineering structures with mentioned type of stress concentrator
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The importance of public relations in banking
Kracík, Lukáš ; Schlossberger, Otakar (advisor)
This bachelor's thesis deals with public relations in banking. In the theoretical part it defines the term of public relations, shows historical development of PR and discusses the surroundings of a company that it affects. Furthermore, it defines communication channels and tools, looks for the same and different features of public relations and advertising, shows PR workers either in in-house departments or in external agencies. Finally, it describes current media scene. The practical part offers comparison of two major Czech banks in terms of attitude to public relations and shows theoretical elements mentioned in the first part in real practice. Furthermore, it explores the specifics of public relations in the financial area, specifically in the banking sector. In the conclusion of this bachelor's thesis there are graphs with the amount of outputs in the Czech media for selected period of time and these are used to compare banks in terms of media coverage.
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Uncertainty associated with survey design in species distribution models
Vrabeľ, Matej ; Moudrý, Vítězslav (advisor) ; Barták, Vojtěch (referee)
Properly choosen input data, their form, way of the collection an the following correction as well, are the key factors affecting the accuracy of the more and more popular models of the species model distribution (SDM). A design unfluence of the data to the choosen distribution model of the virtual species has been tested. The General Linear Model (GLM) has been used. Four types of the present-absent collection designs have been tested for a virtual species on the area of the Czech Republic as follows: accidental, systematic, points on the easy accessible areas (near the communications) and the points with the higher concentration of the scientists (an area of CHKO).The TSS (True skills statistics), KAPPA and AUC (Area under curve) have been used to compare the accuracy of the prediction of the models .The points being choosen from the easy to access areas and CHKO had worse results in all of the monitored values than the accidental or the systematic choice of the points from the whole area of the Czech Republic.It results that the data collection mode affects the final accuracy of the species distribution models.
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