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Joint configuration changes pressure pain threshold-centered and decentered position
Jevič, Filip ; Čech, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Vaculín, Šimon (referee)
The term "joint centration" is recently perceived primarily in its biomechanical context. This paper suggests a possible neurophysiological point of view and examines the effect of centered or decentered position on pressure pain treshold (PPT) of three muscles (m. temporalis, m. tibialis anterior, m. interosseus dorsalis I) in sitting and lying position, researched on healthy volunteers. PPT was measured in four randomly ordered positions with 49 people (21 women, 28 men). Significantly higher PPT was detected in all three muscles (p=0,001; 0,0016; 0,00009). In percent the PPT change resembles some of studies working with therapeutical techniques (mobilization, joint manipulation, exercise). Influence of higher postural position (sitting compared to lying down) on PPT was not proved. Cenetered joint position increases the PPT of healthy young adults compared to decentered position. This newly proved fact opens further possibilities of conceiving the key physiotherapeutical notion of "joint centration".
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Total knee arthroplasty
Zděblo, Jakub ; Marcián, Petr (referee) ; Florian, Zdeněk (advisor)
The Bachelor thesis deals with total knee arthroplasty. Describes the historical development from the view of the structural types and materials used in manufacturing. It characterizes various materials, focusing on mechanical properties. The thesis involves strain - stress analysis by finite element method using ANSYS software in the examination of the causes of knee joint replacement failure.
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Epidemiology Study of patients after the THA
Herůfek, Radim ; Džupa, Valér (advisor)
Total hip arthroplasty is one of the best methods of treatment postwar medicine. Patients with severely degenerated joints are plagued by persistent pain that will not allow them normal daily activities , do not allow them quality sleep and also cause great mental anguish. Joint replacement implant leads relieving pain , restore function . Originally disabled patient returns to normal life and employment , which is often physically demanding. Therefore, total replacement of the significant effect of treatment , social and economic . The significant development of total joint arthroplasty for the last 40 years has resulted in various types and designs of acetabular holes femoral stems and heads , which in turn causes a lack of clarity on the menu, which , moreover, is still expanding. For implantation compensation is very important accurate indication of a specific type prosthesis , and therefore it is necessary to conduct epidemiological studies of patients who help refine the indications thus facilitating the selection of individual components. The following work is an overview of epidemiological data of patients with implantation of hip replacement patients operated on Orthopaedics and Traumatology FNKV clinic in 2006.
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Nursing care by children with arthroscopy of the knee joint.
ŠESTÁKOVÁ, Růžena
With the increasing sports and physical activity pursued by young people, the spectrum of the knee joint injuries is extending. At the present time, arthroscopy represents one of the basic diagnostic and therapeutic methods in the case of the knee joint injuries. Owing to this method, the attending physician can examine the joint directly using the endoscopic instrument and they can possibly execute surgical treatment thereof as well. Thanks to development, this method can be applied in children's patients with ever increasing frequency. The joint subject to most frequent arthroscopy treatment is definitely the knee joint. The treatment is executed in the operating theatre, most often under anaesthesia and it is careful, quick and accurate. Nevertheless, the children's patient must be hospitalized, which means, in addition to the planned treatment, considerable mental stress not only for the child but for the whole family as well. The way how the child and the parents will cope with the situation depends to a great extent on the nursing personnel. Therefore it is necessary to pay increased attention to the nursing care. The theoretical part of the bachelor's thesis describes the anatomy of the knee joint, possible damage thereto and this theory is followed by the nursing care prior to and after arthroscopy, rehabilitation nursing care, satisfaction of needs, information provided to the children prior to leaving hospital. The application part of the thesis focuses on the children's patients who were hospitalized in the Dětská klinika Nemocnice České Budějovice a.s. (Children's Clinic of the Hospital of České Budějovice) and underwent arthroscopy of knee joint. The following part deals with the nurses working with these children. The thesis is based on a qualitative research and the acquired information was summarized in case reports and interviews. Three research questions were determined for the research part. The purpose of the bachelor's thesis is to discover the specifics concerning nursing care for children undergoing the knee joint arthroscopy. The discovered specifics, such as care for Redon drain, use of French crutches or motor splint, education of the children and their parents can help the nurse become aware of these specifics, not perform them automatically and achieve a higher quality of the nursing care provision. Identification thereof may help perform the right determination of nursing diagnoses, goals and interventions in the nursing process in the patient prior to and after arthroscopy of knee joint. Another goal of the thesis was to determine what negative factors are perceived by the children most frequently. The fact that we have discovered the specifics of the care and that we accentuate them may mitigate the negative factors perceived by the children as well. Among them there are fear, redressing relating to the Redon drain removal, pain. The acquired results of the bachelor's thesis were processed to have the form of a standard nursing plan, which should contribute to achieving a higher quality of the nursing care for children undergoing arthroscopy of knee joint.
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Total hip replacement and weight bearing
Čížková, Hana ; Herbenová, Alena (advisor) ; Kadlec, Miloslav (referee)
This bachelor thesis reviews various aspects of total hip replacement with special attention to successive weight bearing after surgery. In the first part, the anatomy of hip joint and theoretical background of joint replacement surgery are presented. The second part is focused on weight bearing of extremities after total hip joint replacement surgery and deals with various criteria that are used for the post-operative weight bearing. A questionnaire distributed to several orthopaedic departments was used to assess if there are any differences in strategy in postoperative weight bearing of an operated lower extremity.
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Information problems of the client after operaion of the knee joint prosthesis prior to doischarge from the hospital
KAŠPÁRKOVÁ, Lucie
Presently a number of people who need to replace disabled knee-joint for artificial one is rising. The issue of a client{\crq}s awareness about necessity to keep the supportive measures would deserve much more attention. The theoretical framework deals with the post-operation care for a patient following a complete knee-joint replacement operation and the issue of the patient{\crq}s awareness, which is considered an important one in nursing nowadays. From results of research ensued that nurse's role is very important for patients' awareness about postoperative care after complet knee-joint replacement. A nurse should be an active part and should give the relevant informations to patients about postoperative care so that the stage of therapy will be without complications.
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Comprehensive rehabilitation of patients after total hip replacement
Hertlová, Lenka ; Němeček, Ondřej (advisor) ; Věchtová, Bohuslava (referee)
Author: Lenka Hertlová Institution: Department of rehabilitation medicine Hradec Králové Name of thesis: Comprehensive rehabilitation of patient after total hip replacement Supervisor: Mgr. Ondřej Němeček Number of pages: 71 Number of attachments: 0 Years of defense: 2012 Keywords: total hip replacement, medical rehabilitacion, social rehabilitation, vocational rehabilitation This bachelor's thesis deals with knowledges of total hip replacement, especially medical rehabilitation, also includes social and vocational rehabilitation. The theoretical part includes anatomy of hip joint, types of replacements, arthroplasty and its main indications. The practical part describes the rehabilitation procedures applicable to patients after arthroplasty. In the casuistry part I apply the theoretical knowledges in practice with concrete patients. I desribe my experiences during their hospitalization and propose the long term plan.
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Physiotherapy of dialyzed patients
MUŽÁTKOVÁ, Alena
The bachelor thesis focuses on physiotherapy of dialyzed patients. Hemodialysis is one of the options for patients with a chronic renal insufficiency. It is a therapeutic method that replaces basic functions of kidneys to remove metabolic products from blood. Patients with renal failure are the most frequent group of patients treated for a vital organ failure. Physical activity may positively influence their physical and mental health. The most important benefit of physical activity for dialyzed patients is the overall improvement of physical fitness. Further, it also helps to keep or to improve muscular strength and joint mobility and to relax and to stretch overstrained muscles. Regular exercising may improve self-sufficiency of the patients and support their independence of assistance of other persons. Self-sufficiency is particularly important for old patients so that they can continue living in their familiar environment. The objective of the thesis is to map psychomotoric condition of dialyzed patients and to propose an exercising unit for them. The theoretical part of the thesis deals with chronic renal failure in general and physical activities conducted during the disease. The practical part contains qualitative research of case reports of patients included in a regular dialysis program. The respondents were interviewed with a semi-standardized interview about their case histories. Further, they underwent dynamic tests of spine, anthropometric measurements, goniometric examination, examination of shortened and weakened muscular groups, Barthel test of basic everyday activities and 2-minute Step Test. The respondents were involved in a program with regular exercising for 10 weeks, including exercising at home based on previous instructions and exercising on a rehabilitation treadmill during hemodialysis. The main preconditions of successful physiotherapy of dialyzed patients are personal involvement and proactive approach to regular physical activity. A suitable form of physical activity may contribute to improvement of their physical fitness and mental condition. The patients, however, need to be consistent and exercise regularly on a truly long-term basis.
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Prevention and rehabilition of ankle sprains by basketball players
KRAMLOVÁ, Kateřina
The submitted Bachelor Thesis elaborates the issue of prevention and physiotherapy of distortion of the talocrural (ankle) joint of basketball players. The work focuses on two main objectives in order to find out which of the fixation aids is more efficient in preveting distortion of talocrural (ankle) joint and compiles a schedule and physioterapeutic programme for sportsmen ? basketball players suffering from the distortion of the talocrural (ankle) joint. Methods of qualitative research including observation techniques, kinesiological examination and semi-standardized interview were applied in this research, following the secondary analysis of acquired data. The results are processed in a form of casuistries on a basis of which individual physiotherapeutic plans for the tested persons were elaborated. Therapy for renewing the function of lower limbs took place according to the aforesaid plans. At the end of the physiotherapy, by means of an output examination of the monitored persons, it was identified that the extent of movement in the joint was improved, their muscular strength increased and muscular imbalance was removed. The Bachelor Thesis might become a quide for basketball players giving them necessary instructions about what to do in order to improve the stability of talocrural (ankle) joint during physical stress in the course of training or a match, what fixation aids they should use and how they should strengthen their muscles of lower limbs for prevention of problems. This work may also be at the service of future and current physiotherapists in practice and a source of training for the non-professional public.
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The case study of physiotherapeutical treatment of a patient after knee arthroscopy for meniscal lesions
Přibyl, Martin ; Satrapová, Lenka (advisor) ; Hoskovec, Jakub (referee)
Title of the thesis: The case study of physiotherapeutical treatment of a patient after knee arthroscopy for meniscal lesions. Author: Martin Přibyl Head of the thesis: Mgr. Lenka Satrapová Year of defense: 2012 Aim: The aim of this thesis is to summarize theoretical findings, application of the methodic of physiotherapy, process of the treatment and the observation its progression in patient after knee arthroscopy for meniscal lesions. Methods: The literature search and the case study of this issue were proceeded within the practical experience (from 9th January 2009 to 9th February 2009) in Centrum léčby pohybového aparátu in Prague (Centre of Motor Apparatus Treatment). The first part of the work is concerned with the theoretical knowledge of the knee joint (anatomy, biomechanics, medical imaging, traumatology and physiotherapeutic methods and examinations). The second part contains the case report which refers to the patient after knee arthroscopy for meniscal lesions, the treatment, the therapy and the pursuance of the curative effect. Results: The state of operated knee improved radically after the treatment, enhance of the muscle mass and its power is significant, augmentation of the knee joint range and normalization of the muscle tone is noticeable. Key words: Knee joint, meniscus,...
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