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Iniciace pohybu byčíku, signalizace a regulace pohyblivosti spermií ryb: fyzikální a biochemické řízení
PROKOPCHUK, Galina
The current study attempted to shed light on the regulatory processes and response arrangements of fish spermatozoa during the course of maturation and motility initiation. The first intent of this study was to improve the understanding of the mechanism underlying the acquisition of potential for sperm motility in sturgeon. Up to present work, the physiological process underlying sperm maturation in this species has not been described at all. Our results showed that sperm maturation in sturgeon occurs outside the testes because of dilution of sperm by urine and involves the participation of high molecular weight substances as well as calcium ions present in seminal fluid and/or urine. The second aim of the present study was to investigate the coping mechanisms in fish spermatozoa with osmotic and ionic activating mode, as well as in spermatozoa of euryhaline fishes, to various environmental conditions. We showed that alteration of environmental osmolality might affect the fish sperm in different ways, depending on fish species and modes of spermatozoa motility activation either osmotic or ionic mode. In response to osmotic stress caused by hypotonicity, carp spermatozoa regulated the flow of water across their cell membrane and increased their cytoplasmic volume during their short motility period. In contrast, no indications of sperm volume changes were observed neither in sterlet nor in brook trout spermatozoa, both of which having an ionic mode of motility activation. We also examined the mechanism by which sperm motility triggering in euryhaline fishes can adapt to a broad range of environmental salinity. Our results demonstrated that spermatozoa of euryhaline tilapia, Sarotherodon melanotheron heudelotii, reared in fresh-, sea- or hypersaline water can be activated in hypotonic, isotonic or hypertonic conditions of swimming milieu, provided Ca2+ ions are present at various levels. It was established that the higher the fish rearing salinity or the more hypertonic ambient media at spermatozoa activation, the higher extracellular concentration of Ca2+ ions is required. The results obtained in the present study allow suggesting that osmolality is not the main factor inhibiting sperm motility inside the testis in the S. melanotheron heudelotii. A third aim of this study was investigation of the regulation of motility initiation process and description of flagellar beating initiation in chondrostean spermatozoa. We detected that K+ inhibition of sperm motility in sturgeon can be by-passed due to the pre-exposure of sperm cells to a high osmolality shock prior to its transfer to K+-rich swimming media. Thus, we hypothesized that sturgeon spermatozoa may be activated by use of an unexpected signaling pathway, independent from regular ionic stimulation. The successive activation steps in sturgeon spermatozoa were investigated by high-speed video microscopy, using specific experimental situation, where sperm motility initiation was delayed in time up to several seconds. At motility initiation, the first couple of bends formed at the basal region begins to propagate towards the flagellar tip, but gradually fades when reaching the mid-flagellum. This behavior repeats several times until a stage where the amplitudes of bends gradually reach similar value, what eventually leads to sperm progressive displacement. The total period needed for the flagellum to switch from immobility with rigid shape to full activity with regular propagating bends ranges from 0.4 to 1.2 seconds. In conclusion, the results of the current study bring valuable pieces of information into the general understanding of the processes of maturation of fish spermatozoa, their adaptability to different physical and biochemical circumstances, the extra- and intra-cellular signaling as well as the regulatory mechanisms of motility activation in fish spermatozoa.
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Regional Policy and its Role in Development of Pardubický Region
Pluhařová, Iveta ; Husák, Jakub (advisor) ; Martina, Martina (referee)
The Czech Republic through its European Union membership obtains a possibility at development projects to draw on financial support from the European funds. This diploma thesis deals with the regional policy in context of the European funds and the regional policy effect on the Pardubice Region development. The Regional policy (including its principles, tools and targets) and an evaluation of draw on possibilities of European subsidy instruments for regional development (in framework of Regional Operation Programmes) are described in the first part of the thesis. The second (main) part deals with an analysis of the projects realized in particular counties of the Pardubice Region during programme period 2007 2013. This analysis is realized with theoretical and practical experiences and based on available data and documents from Regional Council NUTS 2 Northeast. The main part of the thesis also contains a particular projects comparison based on information which had been obtained in interview with managers of the projects. This comparison gives information related to the impact on regional policy in the Pardubice Region.
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Didactic and economic evaluation of the process Young peoples Education in the hunting area on example of the region Liberec
Macounová, Kateřina ; Oliva, Jiří (advisor) ; Hrib, Michal (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the education of youth in gamekkping in the Liberec region. The aim was to create a brief research about gamekeepers' education in the Czech Republic. The thesis discusses the evaluation of the range and organization of gamekeepers' education in this region, especially groups of youth in gamekeeping, other campaigns focusing on gamekeeping. There is a part of forest education and ecological and environmental education. In the forms of education, educational aids and studying materials the thesis analyses possibilities of this education, examples of usable educational aids and existing learning literature. The next part of the thesis contains an economic evaluation of this aktivity, a separate chapter is about support and grants from the Liberec region. Finally, there are suggested development measures to increase the quality of education in gamekeeping in the Liberec region.
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The offence proceedings of administrative authorities
Renková, Eva ; Pikola, Pavel (advisor) ; Jaromír, Jaromír (referee)
This thesis with topic proceeding administrations. Theoretical part is focused charakteristic the offence proceedings as a whole, according to the Act of Offences adn Administrative Code, which explains the basic principles and concepts with I would like to explain.
The practical part is focused on the Commission´s proceedings dealing with ofeenses city Pečky. Expecially with my work will relate to offenses that were committed in this territorial for the perriod 2001-2015, focusing description of illegality and about what kind of offenses are.
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Automated business systems in Forex
Bleha, Lukáš ; Čechura, Lukáš (advisor) ; Kateřina, Kateřina (referee)
The thesis characterize the international foreign exchange market Forex and systems used in the market for capital appreciation. In the first part is discussed why this market is so specific and how is trade. After that gradually resolves the issue of automated trading systems. The target is to declare important facts for creating the system. Of those, then practical part obtains data, where develops automated trading system step by step from the outset. The main target is to develop a system that can make a profit in real terms. All procedures are used as are used in practice. It is focused on creating landing rules, analysis, optimization, programming and special testing. The results then indicate the quality of the whole system. When the results are adequate, the system is trading in real terms and in real time. On this part already connected final part, and it is evaluate the results. Based on the success or failure are suggested additional recommendations for further utilization of the created system.
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The renovation of historical parks near the small feudal residences on the example of the study of the renovation of the castle garden in Doudleby nad Orlici in Eastern Bohemia.
Faltysová, Lenka ; Buttry, Ivana (advisor) ; Jakub, Jakub (referee)
The aim of this work is the processing methodology and presentation process how to restore monuments of garden art. On the example of the revitalization of the castle garden immovable cultural monument Castle Doudleby nad Orlicí, based on the study of literature, similar interventions and the analysis and interpretation of various types of archival material the current quality of historic garden was evaluated. It is based on field survey, which consists of dendrological research, analyzing the authenticity of trees and appreciation of all the collected documents, historical sources and professional literature. Concept recovery of castle garden is based on the expert authority´s binding point of view of the state care of historical monuments.
Renaissance castle in Doudleby nad Orlici is located in the eastern part of the town on a slightly raised hill on the right bank of the River Divoká Orlice. There was a wooden medieval fortress with the farmyard on this place in the 13th century. Sr Mikuláš from Bubno started to build a hunting lodge in the Renaissance style as villa in 1588, which was finished in 1590. The significance of Renaissance residence, which complement the early Baroque elements from the late 17th century, is enhanced by the opulent and impressive sgraffito - carpet pattern covering all external and internal frontage, restored in 1886 by Kirchner. The tall chimneys are the part of decoration in the courtyard decorated with sgraffito as well. The chateau complex is formed along its circuit of farm buildings and residential buildings. Building of castle itself is separated by a park with old trees and newer lawns (Hieke, 1984).
Castle park in Doudleby nad Orlicí was founded in 1809 in compositional continuity of the Renaissance castle building. The park forms one organic complex with the castle. The promoter strived, like in the castle rooms, to demonstrate here his wealth, his sense of art and his botanical-dendrological knowledge. The park is designed as a narrow disposition in landscape style and it is composed as a long vista to the castle. The area of the landscape park is 3.76 hectares nowadays.
The literature search is especially dedicated to the Renaissance and its relationship to the garden art. The monument care in the Czech Republic and the activity of professional organization of the monument care of the National Heritage Institute in Josefov is introduced in this section.
The methodological guide describes the used bolsterings and resulting outputs on the basis of them are implemented of such measures, which will help to improve the health and vitality of existing promising trees and new plantings of trees, which are consistent with the original composition with emphasis on the rehabilitation and upgrading of historical value of the object. Treatment of trees and supplementary planting will be done within the frame of total revitalization of the castle park.
The practical unit describes the current status of vegetation monuments of garden art. The inventory trees is the essential tool for analyzing the current status of vegetation monuments of garden art. Inventory, which should provide quality base for a draft recovery, should also be addressed in certain parts with characteristics of individual species (Krejčiřík, 2015).
The results of field investigation were completely recorded in the graphical output.
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Problematika zadávání veřejných zakázek malého rozsahu
Šárová, Ilona ; Civínová, Denisa (advisor)
Tato diplomová práce se zabývá problematikou zadávání veřejných zakázek malého rozsahu a to se zaměřením na problémy, se kterými se musí potýkat zadavatelé 42. mechanizovaného praporu při zadávání veřejných zakázek malého rozsahu prostřednictvím elektronického tržiště Tendermarket a s problémy, které jsou spojeny s výběrem vhodného dodavatele. V teoretické části se seznámíme s pojmem veřejná zakázka malého rozsahu, jejím členěním a zmapujeme právní předpisy a nejdůležitější interní normativní akty (dále jen INA), které zkoumanou problematiku upravují v resortu MO ČR. Analytická část bude zaměřená na samotné problémy, se kterými se zadavatelé potýkají při zadávání a vyhodnocování veřejných zakázek malého rozsahu. Na jedné zakázce malého rozsahu bude vysvětlen postup zadávání zakázky v elektronickém tržišti Tendermarket. Následně budou vyhodnoceny problémy či nedostatky, které při tomto zadávání a vyhodnocení vznikly.
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Resolving of insolvency of business corporations trough bankruptcy
Marková, Martina ; Civínová, Denisa (advisor) ; Klára, Klára (referee)
The presented thesis tries to introduce the reader to the course of the insolvency proceedings, especially in bankruptcy proceedings. The theoretical part mainly discussed about the meaning and history of this institute, further aspects necessary for the commencement of insolvency proceedings and then there is described in more concise form the additional course up to the decision on the debtors bankruptcy. Subsequently, the author deals with the consequent procedure in cases where the debtors bankruptcy is solved by bankruptcy. Describes the course, focusing primarily on the sale of the debtors property and its subsequent allocation among the creditors until its conclusion, which is the submission of the final report by the insolvency administrator of the court, its subsequent approval and distribution schedule. In the practical part of the thesis the theoretical knowledge mentioned above is applied to the selected insolvency case of business corporation. In this part there are also pointed some potential problems and complexities that arose in this case. There is also described and analyzed the entire insolvency proceedings from filing an insolvency petition to the preparation of the final report by the insolvency administrator, that is the stage where the proceedings took place on the date of submission of this work. Furthermore, the author discusses the development and the number of insolvency proceedings in our country since 2008 when the new legislation of this institute came into force. On the same principle, the author also deals with the analysis of the most common types of obligations of business corporations.
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Education and personal development
Mrázková, Lucie ; Kříž, Josef (advisor) ; Zdeněk, Zdeněk (referee)
The thesis deals with theoretical knowledge process of training employees in the organization and their personal development, as well as a practical approach to the process of educating city workers Rakovník working at the Municipal Office in Rakovník, which is the authority of a municipality with extended powers in this range ensures the execution of state administration.
Review of literature in the first part characterizes human resource management, human personality and describes in detail the process of lifelong learning and personal development, motivation and corporate training. The second part is defined by the statutory procedure for training of local government officials.
The practical part consists of a description of the organization Rakovník Municipal Office, its activities and scope, as well as familiarity with the organizational structure. Based on the study of documents, observation and questionnaire survey, which solves view officials on the issue of their further education, an assessment of the level of this process in the organization. In conclusion processed suggestions for possible improvements.
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The Chosen Destination Question on the Tourist Industry Market in the Czech Republic - Sevilla
Žídková, Denisa ; Navrátilová, Miroslava (advisor) ; Hricová, Daniela (referee)
The subject of the thesis is an analysis of the selected tourism destination, in this case the city of Seville on the Czech market. The first part deals with theoretical approaches concerning the issue. Furthermore, a brief characteristics of the territory in several respects are described. The following chapters deals with the research itself. Within the tourism destination there are discussed various specific factors which are creating a significant influence.In the following chapter the behavior and preferences of tourists are analyzed based on the survey. The survey of the market of the Czech Republic is made following the replies of the respondents. Offers from various travel agencies are summarized at the end of this work. The result is an evaluation of the status of the selected destination on the Czech market, and the proposal of possible recommendations for tourism businesses which are operating in the given destination.
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