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Assessment of their own health by seniors
HOLIČOVÁ, Martina
TITLE OF BACHELOR PIECEWORK: SELF ASSESSMENT OF HEALTH SITUATION BY SENIORS Bachelor's piecework discuss subjective attitude of seniors to own health situation. Through issues (theoretical part of work) we have ability to look at lid of age phenomenon and summarise existing findings about ageing, age, health and disease. It get acquainted us with biological, psychological and social aspects of ageing and age and it endeavour to enlighten saturation of senior needs. It outlines psychological impact of health changes for human being and explains their effect to quality of life, detect strategy of successfulageing, prosperity and age dignity. Further directs its focus to analyse all ranges of social issues (e.g. loneliness, non self-reliance, intergenerational relations not only within the family, etc.) which seniors are struggling or may encounter with changes of their health situation. Conclusion of piecework is devoted to methodology (empirical part of work) which aims to determine the views and attitudes of seniors to own health situation and health determinants (age, genetic predisposition, current disease, ache, health difficulties, etc.) which influence forming these attitudes. To obtain needed information I used qualitative type of research work, questioning methodology and as technique of dataacquisition I usednarrative interview. Interviews with respondents were recorded to dictaphone, with their given approval in advance and after retyped to written form, which due to authenticity were kept in its original duration and talk form. Selection of respondents were flukey, the essential role played former, long - term, personal contact at the location of my permanent residency. Due to performed investigative research I detected that age of individual is not so significant factor which considerably affected the opinion of tracked sample of respondents about own health situation, but greater weight has current disease and mainly actual health difficulties which most of interviewed respondents presents als ache presence. Based on performed research I assume specified goals of this bachelor's piecework were completed.
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Parents´ and students´ attitudes to truancy
VESECKÁ, Nela
Truancy is a behavioural disorder characterized by the student wilfully staying away from school without permission or appropriate excuse. The student's absence is always excused by the teacher rather than by one of the student's parents, upon a written request of the student's legal representative (if he or she is a minor), or the student himself/herself (if he/she is of age), and invariably in accordance with the school's rules. Truancy is a serious offence; the student intentionally avoids compulsory school attendance, thus violating not only the school's rules, but also the Education Act. The socio-pathological phenomenon mentioned above is not a rare occurrence in today's school practice, having become commonplace in both elementary and secondary education. Owing to its serious nature, topicality and potential negative impacts, it merits a deeper examination. The present bachelor thesis, Attitudes of Parents and Students to Truancy, attempts to identify views of today's ninth-grade students of elementary schools on truancy-related problems by means of an analysis of different components of their attitudes. Its objective is therefore to map opinions, emotional reactions and behavioural trends of the students with respect to the object of the attitude. At the same time, it outlines how the students perceive the attitudes of their parents to the same problem. The work is divided into two principal parts. The theoretical part summarises existing knowledge on truancy-related problems. The first chapter deals with truancy in general, presenting relevant terms and definitions. Subsequent chapters are dedicated, in particular, to the typology of truancy, a detailed analysis of different causes of truancy, available solutions, and last but not least very important prevention of the socio-pathological phenomenon. The empirical part is based on a qualitative survey; a semi-structured interview technique was used to collect the data needed to meet the objective of the thesis. The respondents were pupils of the "Vltava" Elementary School in České Budějovice, who were interviewed, after their grades had been closed, using a set of questions based on the objective of the work and prepared in advance. The survey shows that today's ninth-grade students harbour mainly negative attitudes to truancy. They deny they would intentionally stay away from school, although most of them admit they often fake health problems to be able to stay home and avoid school. The paradoxical attitude is attributable to the fact that the students do not have any information on types of truancy and that they are not aware of potential consequences of the phenomenon, thus not knowing that even faking health problems qualifies as truancy. Furthermore, the survey has confirmed that parents' attitudes to truancy are negative as well, although they often support the socio-pathological phenomenon by allowing their offspring to stay at home without a serious reason at the time they should be at school. The reason is that they too are unaware of consequences of their acts. It should be noted that the results of the survey may be skewed to a substantial extent, as attitudes to truancy are affected by many factors. The bachelor thesis aims to present a comprehensive view on truancy-related issues. The results of the survey it presents could be made use of by teachers and educators who encounter the socio-pathological phenomenon in their everyday work, as well as by parents or general public interested in the topic.
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The Behavior Change of the Preschool Child Depending on The Environment Change
KAHUDOVÁ, Jitka
The bachelor's thesis aims to draw attention to different children's behaviour connected with specific behavioural manifestations in response to environmental change. Its theoretical part deals with the characteristics of an open-air school from the beginning of its existence until the present time together with its educational programme. The next parts specify various kinds of environment and education and their impact on the behaviour and adaptation of a child. There are definitions of the individual factors which influence child's behaviour and those of various kinds of problem behaviour too. The practical part deals with a research study focusing on the differences in children's behaviour in their home nursery and that during their stay in an open-air school. The results refer to the fact that an open-air school has a positive effect on children's behaviour.
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Quality of life of seniors hospitalized in long-term care.
DOLEJŠOVÁ, Markéta
The basic theoretical basis: According to demographic development the average and maximum lifespan prolongs. Therefore global population spends a bigger part of adulthood in their old age. This phenomenon is irreversible and brings significant changes into global geriatric nursing and we need to take note of the care that is provided to old patients. The seniors form an irreplaceable and a more and more considerable part of population, they create a varied group with individual needs, priorities and demands in sickness as in health. It is the very polymorbidity of senior patients which is often the reason for a long-term hospitalization. Nowadays, for these purposes more and more beds are built in long-term care facilities (LTCF) which are officially defined as specialized medical institutions which provide care to patients whose health states cannot be substantially improved by any medical treatment as they worsen without a continuous care. The life quality of seniors and the quality of the provided care in these facilities are the main long-term care level indicators. The goals of the thesis: 1) Ascertain the life quality of seniors hospitalized in long-term care institutions. The research questions: 1) How does the hospitalization of seniors in LTCF influence their subjectively perceived quality of life? 2) In which areas do seniors hospitalized in LTCF feel the difference of life quality in LTCF and at home? 3) How are the patients in LTCF satisfied with the quality of health care? 4) Within the rise of seniors' life quality in LTCF, in which areas should the nurse improve the provided care? Methods employed: For the empirical part of the thesis the qualitative analysis of gathered data method was used. The data accumulation was implemented by semi-structured interviews with clients-patients hospitalized in LTCF. The instructions for the interviews were adopted from a QOL Research Unit life quality model of the university in Toronto. This model emphasizes the individual's relations towards the surroundings and the possibilities of maintaining and improving skills. It is divided into 3 categories - existence, togetherness and adaptability. Interview transcriptions create a part of the thesis on an enclosed CD. For illustrative purposes, the results of the research were transformed into mind maps using the XMind software. There are also annotations with respondents' quotations concerning individual map as a part of the thesis. The results: The analysis of in-depth interview gathered information brought several factors which are highly subjective and have a logical level of individuality. The results concerning the research of the seniors' life quality dimensions are more or less in agreement with the basic division found in professional literature. However, they bring a further view on these dimensions and introduce subjective opinions, wishes and evaluation of seniors who found themselves in unknown environment of LTCF. The positive influence of nurses, which often impact the satisfaction of seniors in a medical institution, proved its importance. However, it was the area of communication skills of medical staff which was mentioned as lacking or insufficient. Also the fields of free time activities, seniors' adaptation in LTCF and social isolation were found to be neglected. Conclusion: The long-term care becomes, thanks to demographic development, the most rapidly evolving kind of health care. The emphasis on life quality of hospitalized seniors, as their biggest consumers, should be a matter of course for every medical and social facility. The contribution of the thesis is in detailed mapping of the issue of life quality in LTCF, warning against lack in health care and the neglected fields of life quality.
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To begin again it is my destiny
Hroudová, Anna ; Šmídová, Olga (advisor) ; Kandert, Josef (referee)
RESUME My intention was to foreshadow the construct of the re-émigré's self perception/self depiction as a way of setting up a framework within which each individual operates. Based on analysis of interviews with individual re-émigrés, I attempted to establish individual identifying categories which gave rise to such a framework. The central interest of the study was the analysis the act of the re-emigration, the return home, the return to motherland. Nevertheless, the act of return exists as a direct consequence of many earlier life (changing) (dominant) events, including the emigration itself. I considered it essential to make such events an integral part of my investigation (study). In this context, I have considered it essential to interrogate the act of 'homecoming'with the initial act of emigration, of going to exile, of the 'escape'. The testimonies of individual respondents indicated most clearly the key/central role played by the family and its influence, not just on the émigré him/herself, but in the wider context of family background,(cultural)roots, familial orientations, customs and conventions. The family was the one constant category which runs through the entire life cycle, forming the foundation of the individual's social situations and essentially underpins their context. The further...
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Home arrest as an alternative punishment
KOUTKOVÁ, Marcela
The theme of this thesis is house arrest as an alternative punishment. It is relatively a new kind of punishment Act No. 40/2009 Coll., criminal code, which carne in force on 1. 1. 2010. It is based on the development of restorative justice, which takes interest in the future consequences of the given sentence. Since the existence of the human society there have always been certain punishments for those who somehow disrupted the run of society by their behaviour. It´s purpose and form has changed through in the process of community development and the development of individual rights. Nowadays, the most common imposed punishment is imprisonment, which is an isolation for the perpetrators and a society protection from possible criminal activity. Alternatives to imprisonment were founded due to the fact that the mentality of today´s society supports greater humanization. There are several reason for their storing. One of the alternative punishment is the already mentioned house arrest which can include adequate measures and reasonable restrictions. The meaning of punishment is social and economical. Although the attitude to house arrest at the beginning was quite sceptical from some professionals and the public, the result of the overall rating outweigh positives. One of the components of house arrest is the electronic monitoring of convicts, which will ensure constant checks through an electronic bracelet attached to the body of the convict. Although the trial operation of electronic monitoring has been successful there are financial reasons to check the prosecution of a sentence of house arrest by employees of Probation and Mediation Service of the Czech Republic. Probation and Mediation Service of the Czech Republic is closely related with house arrest. Pursuant to Act No. 257/2000 Coll. The activity of the worker of the Probation Service starts before the court´s decision about house arrest and continues till the completion of the sentence of the convicted.
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The problems of self-monitored blood pressure
HEVEROVÁ, Jiřina
Basic theoretical background: The hypertension is a disease in which the blood pressure 140/90 mm Hg, and these values are measured at at least two of the three measurements. Arterial hypertension is one of the most common limit disease with a high prevalence in the adult population in industrialized countries. Aims of the thesis: The aids od the thesis was as to determine whether patients adhere to the principle of self-monitoring of blood pressure using a pressure gauge in the upper arm at home. Furthermore, to determine the most common mistakes patients during self monitoring of blood pressure using a pressure gauge in the upper arm at home. These targets were established research questions: Do they adhere to treating patients with hypertension guidelines for the measurement of blood pressure gauge in the upper arm? Are the errors existing in the measurement of blood pressure gauge in the upper arm? The last research question was: What mistakes do occur, the measurement of TK (gauge in the upper arm) in the home environment for patients undergoing treatment with hypertension most often? Methodology: The empirical part of bachelor work was done using the qualitative research, which was chosen for the data collection technique using individual semi-structured interviews, supplemented by observation in patients with hypertension that home blood pressure measurement using the upper arm a tonometer. The data were collected in March 2014 with respondents, who were selected using the snowball technique. The interview included a pre-prepared questions. Answers of respondents have been recorded in the recording sheet and the recording equipment. The observation was made an observation sheet with the criteria and then created a table below describes the criteria for assessing organizations. The group consisted of 8 respondents. There are four men and four women. The respondents were familiar with the questions in advance and the actual interview was recorded in writing and the recording equipment. All respondents agreed with the observation that took place before the interview. Results: The research results show that more than half of the respondents do not comply with dietary measures (see diagram 2). Another category was focused on the use of medication. Five of the eight respondents taking medications regularly Most respondents answered o the question regarding the occurrence of adverse effects that they do not have side effects.Only two respondents have indicated adverse effects (see diagram 4). The startling finding was that only half of the respondents were aware of adverse effects. In the category of blood pressure measurements showed that all except for the respondent 1, other respondents carried out to measure its pressure in the morning and 1 respondent plus two others measurements performed in the evening (see diagram 6). Each of respondent was asked different frequency measurement, only a few of the respondents agreed (see diagram 5).This category contained three subsections in which we dealt as the position of the respondents have the measurement of your blood pressure (see diagram 7) instead of measuring blood pressure of the respondents (see diagram 8) and the distance from the elbow cuffs well (see diagram 9). In the last category were identified principles that respondents know for correct measurement of blood pressure (see diagram 10). Conclusion: Arterial hypertension is a very dangerous disease, it is important to have this disease, at least partially controlled by measuring the blood pressure. It is important that all hypertensives knew and adhered to the principles for measuring blood pressure.The result of this work is to evaluate the most common mistakes self-monitoring of blood pressure, hypertensive who have committed in home care.This output should be used to assess and prevent further errors in the measurement of blood pressure, for possible patient education nursing staff.
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School and After-School Cultivation of Reading in Students at Middle Schools
MUŽÍKOVÁ, Lucie
The aim of the presented Bachelor thesis is to determine if and how the middle school age students' reading is developed and cultivated at school and at home. The thesis consists of two main sections theoretical and empirical. The theoretical part explains the key concepts related to reading, provides a psychological characterization of pubescence and offers information on how the school and after-school environments influence the child and his or her interest in reading. The empirical part, which constitutes a mainstay of the thesis, surveys middle school students and focuses on the cultivation and support of the children's reading from school and family. It further addresses the students' own relationship to selected books for children and teen-agers. In conclusion of the empirical section, results of the survey are compared with existing research on children's reading. The section also presents ideas on how to cultivate the reading of students at the middle school where the survey took place.
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Power audio amplifier with AC/DC converter
Melša, Vojtěch ; Kováč, Michal (referee) ; Kubíček, Michal (advisor)
The aim of this work was to design and construct a simple audio amplifier, which would be based of involvement and components used in switching power sources on the maximum degree (for example from usual ATX sources for computer). The main motivation for development is the existence of many old sources that do not use and big interest of users for the construction of home audio amplifiers for small and medium power. Amplifiers based on switching power sources with greater efficiency and less weight than comparable classic amplifiers (working in classes A, B or AB). Their disadvantage is the complicated design and introduction of distortion and spurious signals to the amplified signal. This work will be described a design of simple amplifier, which will minimize these negative effects. For shortcomings and wrong parameters this proposed involvement will be eventually described and implemented design of amplifier in class D.
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The attitudes of direct care workers providing residential social services to changes in the Act No. 108/2006 Coll. on Social Welfare Services.
TOURKOVÁ, Olga
The title of the thesis is: the attitudes of direct care workers providing residential social services to changes in the Act No. 108/2006 Coll. on Social Welfare Services. The thesis is focused on workers who have been working in residential social services for people with disabilities for five years. The reason for the determination of the number of years worked is to compare the existing state with the state before the introduction of standards. I found out in my preliminary research that 43% of employees were employed more than 5 years. In the theoretical part of the thesis, I deal with the definition and the importance of homes for the people with disabilities, their anchoring in the legislation and their representation in the Region of Vysočina. The next section describes quality standards in social welfare services, the organization and its culture with respect to ethical principles, staff training and staff motivation. The Region of Vysočina establishes nine facilities for the people with disabilities. The audits of social welfare services quality were carried out there in 2012. Their purpose was to determine how the rate of quality standards is implemented, but they can serve as a support for the further development of these organizations. The aim of this thesis is to formulate objective reasons for the negative attitudes of workers in relation to the implementation of quality standards in social welfare services. The thesis wants to find advantages or disadvantages of quality standards for users in terms of direct care workers and how quality standards contributed to the loss of authority of these workers. Four hypotheses were set for the thesis. The first hypothesis anticipates: direct care workers are not identified themselves with quality standards. The second hypothesis estimates: the protection of legal user interests expressed in Standard No. 2 is the most infringing. The third hypothesis was: demands for direct care workers increased substantially after the introduction of quality standards in social services. Finally, the last hypothesis was formulated as follows: employees prefer the education determined by the manager to their own choice. The research invalidated the assumptions of the first two hypotheses and the validity of the third and fourth hypothesis was confirmed. In the practical part, I analyze research results. I used the quantitative research to collect empirical data, it was used the interviewing as a method. The questionnaire was my applied technique. I sent it to the incriminated facilities in electronic form at the beginning of 2014. My research group was formed by social welfare service workers who have been working in selected residential facilities for the people with disabilities for five years. It consisted of 125 respondents, however, the number of returned questionnaires stopped at number 81 and the return is 64.8 %. The visits in these facilities and interviews with executives and methodologists preceded my interviewing. I used graphs and tables for clarity. The results of the research showed that workers did not assume a negative attitude to the standards as such, but rather to the facts that has an immediate impact on the performance of their work, mainly an increase in administration or lack of time for the user. But the introduction of standards gave clear rules for the work and contributed to the improvement of working conditions. This thesis can be used as a general information source for the founder of selected facilities that describes changed views of quality standards in facilities in the course of time. The thesis also can be served in the planning of educational needs in different facilities and it will be useful for social welfare service workers, it reminds them that human rights are the same for all people.
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