|
| |
|
|
Metabolic alterations in cancer cells and their implications in the therapy of acute leukemias
Harárová, Alžbeta ; Starková, Júlia (advisor) ; Mrvová, Silvia (referee)
Cancer metabolism differs from that of the healthy cells in several aspects. Aerobic glycolysis (e.g. converting pyruvate to lactate under normoxic conditions) was the first described metabolic alteration of cancer cells. Metabolic alterations have since been described in the tricarboxylic acid cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, in the metabolism of amino acids (especially glutamine, asparagine and serine) and also in the metabolism of fatty acids and cholesterol. The common feature of these changes is the tendency to prefer anabolic pathways, thus enabling fast proliferation of cancer cells. The study of cancer metabolism is particularly important in the case of cancer cells that show resistance to treatment, as their aberrant metabolism is not only a potential diagnostic marker but also a potential therapeutic target. The majority of metabolic alterations have been described for the first time in solid tumors, whereas only recently has the metabolism of acute leukamias gained more attention. Asparaginase is an example of a chemotherapeutic agent that targets a metabolic alteration of leukemic cells. Distinct metabolic profile is also associated with the glucocorticoid resistance. Detailled study of the metabolic alterations of leukemic cells has elucitated the mechanisms of the asparaginase and...
|
|
|
Genes participating in response to Leishmania major revealed by targeted mutation.
Ezrová, Zuzana ; Lipoldová, Marie (advisor) ; Krulová, Magdaléna (referee)
Leishmania major is an intracellular parasite which often successfully multiplies and disseminates in a body of the host thanks to strategies that help it to escape the components of immune system of the host organism. Thus, the parasites evoke an impairment of regulatory pathways that in physiological conditions lead to an expression of genes involved in a response to L. major and its efficient elimination. Gene targeted deletion, also called gene knock-out, can result in phenotypic alteration and associated enhanced susceptibility or resistance of the host. Although such detected genes do not have to signify their variability in population and hence they may not be responsible for the worsened outcome of leishmaniasis of some people necessarily, studies in which they are analysed and general knowledge being also a subject of this thesis help us together with techniques of forward genetics to reveal the biochemical pathways during the infection and their elements that influence the outcome of the disease and might be useful for researches of new medicine drugs or gene therapy.
|
|
|
Political terrorism and guerrilla: example of Brothers Mašín resistance group
Kuna, František ; Charvát, Jan (advisor) ; Mlejnek, Josef (referee)
The aim of work is to aply theory of political terorism and guerrilla to Brother's Masin resistence group activities. This work offers a new view to research issues of Brother's Masin resistence group. Besides the theory of political terorism and guerila we have to account contemporary context. Each group action will be assign to one of the theory. Masin's father had a great influence to resistence group activity. He has to have his own place in this work. It is also necessary to introduce historical context of the time and give the most important reasons to the group activities. Because it is important to look at the contemporary context we have to describe what Czechoslovakia, East German and West German press wrote about it. In conclusion are the most important facts about theory of political terorism and guerrilla. To this theories will be assigned each resistence group activities. The conclusion provides an overview of Brother's Masin resistence group activities using theory of political terorism and guerrilla.
|
|
|
Genetic polymorphism in populations of Meligethes aeneus with different resistance to insecticides
WALTEROVÁ, Lucie
Thesis deals with pollen beetle populations with various degrees of resistance to pyrethroids. Samples were collected in 13 locations in Czech Republice in 2016. DNA of beetles was isolated by CTAB PVP and Chelex 100. After that, molecular methods based on ISSR markers (Inter-simple sequence repeats) were used to distinguish between different pollen beetle populations. Different populations were described based on microsatellites and the results were processed by the PCA analysis (Principal component analysis). 5 ISSR primers were tried and one result of the primers was reproducible. On the base of matrix genetic distance were samples classified to clusters according to genetic similar by PCA analysis. In the next step author evaluated relationship of geografical distance and different ISSR profile. In the end of the work, author tried to amplificate gene encoding voltage-sensitive sodium channels.
|
|
|
Single-Phase Induction Motor
Vácha, Pavel ; Lapčík, Josef (referee) ; Hájek, Vítězslav (advisor)
The bachelor work is concerned the thesis of a single-phase induction motor that´s perpetually more used in all over the world. Its aim is assembling the information about this type of motor and its calculation. The content of the first part is the theoretical analysis of a single-phase induction motor and acquirement ways of the stroke moment. The practical part contains a basic schema calculation of the single-phase induction motor with an auxiliary phase and a processing demonstrate example of calculation of the single-phase induction motor with concrete parameters along suggested process. In the conclusion there is the evaluation of the whole process.
|
|
|
Quantification of measurement uncertainty using Monte Carlo
Mareš, Jaroslav ; Šedivá, Soňa (referee) ; Havlíková, Marie (advisor)
This master’s thesis is focused on evaluation of standard uncertanities of measurement by method GUM and Monte Carlo and theirs comparation. In first part of this thesis is made the theoretical analysis of evaluation of measurement uncertanities and proposal of methodology for evaluating uncertainties by Monte Carlo method. In the second part is described direct and indirect measuring of resistance, capacitance and inductance, including evaluation of standard uncertanities of those measurings by GUM and Monte Carlo methods. In the end of this thesis is made comparison of achieved results of spoken methods.
|
|
|
Passive sensors for detecting instantaneous stress and strain values
Jašek, Petr ; Kandus, Bohumil (referee) ; Podaný, Kamil (advisor)
Technical measurements are an indispensable source of information in the technical fields. Due to the computer processing it is necessary an electrical signal as the output of the sensor. The field of measuring techniques of non-electrical quantities comprises a wide range of various sensors. Passive sensors represent an important group, into which resistive, inductive, capacitive, magnetic and ionization sensors are arranged. Basic findings of measurement are presented, and particular kinds of sensors, their functional principles, application examples and evaluation of their properties are described in the thesis.
|
|
|
The health issues of the Staphylococcus genus
NEJEDLÁ, Michaela
The bachelor thesis deals with the information primarily regarding the diseases caused species of genus Staphylococcus and problems increasing of resistance to antibiotics. The disease of mastitis of dairy cattle belongs to the most serious and costly laborious facts in the agriculture companies. In the bachelor thesis are analysed alimentary intoxications in humans caused by staphylococcal enterotoxins. The antibiotic resistance is growing all over the word and the inception of the resistance is much faster than the discovering of new antibiotics.
|
|
|
Isolation and chromosomal localization of acetylcholinesterase genes in the codling moth, \kur{Cydia pomonella}
SÝKOROVÁ, Miroslava
The codling moth, Cydia pomonella (Lepidoptera; Tortricoidea) is a major pest of pome fruitand walnut orchards in the world. Due to the intensive chemical control C. pomonella has developed a high resistance to various insecticides. One of the mechanisms of the resistance is acetylcholinesterase insensitivity to carbamates and organophosphates. The insensitivity is based on mutations in one of two genes for acetylcholinesterase. This study deals with testing a hypothesis suggesting that one gene coding for acetylcholinesterase in the codling moth was translocated to the Z sex chromosome. The hypothesis has been latersupported by sex-linked inheritance of insecticide resistance in a related species, Grapholita molesta, and also by a large size of sex hromosomes in the codling moth.
|
guest ::
