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Readiness of the municipality of Úněšov for dealing with extraordinary events
KOTĚŠOVEC, Tomáš
The topic of the diploma thesis is the readiness of the municipality Úněšov or dealing with extraordinary events. The work is focused on two parts, theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part discusses the issue of municipalities and their solutions to emergencies and fire protection units. Other important concepts, such as the risk of threats and evacuations, which play an important role in dealing with emergencies, are discussed in the theoretical section. In the theoretical part, the data are collected from an interview with the mayor of the municipality, the commander of units with voluntary fire services and the inhabitants of the municipality of Úněšov. The resulting data were evaluated using a SWOT analysis, which is focused on the strengths and weaknesses of the examined group and its opportunities and threats. There were set three targets of the work:: "Determine the readiness of municipal authorities to deal with emergencies", "Analyze the readiness and ability of JSDHO to deal with emergencies", "Determine the readiness of residents to deal with emergencies." to deal with emergencies that cause problems for population due to insufficient radio. Other results show that the unit is ready and able to deal with emergencies. In the case of preparedness of the population, it was found that inhabitants do not know the warning signal "General warning", which is to warn of impending danger, and they also do not know how to behave in this situation. Work is focused on the issue of dealing with emergencies in smaller municipalities, which have not yet encountered emergencies and show weaknesses that should be focused on.. The work can be used to achieve greater preparedness of municipalities for dealing with emergencies.
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Evalution of preparedness of socially significant buildings in České Budějovice in terms of safety.
ELIÁŠOVÁ, Kristýna
The theoretical part of this thesis is divided into two notional parts. The first part deals with population protection, focusing mainly on evacuation, warning or emergency hiding. In this section, there are types of emergency exits specified and what devices can be included during evacuation. Warning is a crucial component of people's escape during an emergency situation, therefore it is essential to specify which tools can be used to warn people. The second part focuses on fire safety. There are types of fire documentation listed. A building has to have these documents compiled. To ensure the safety of people, it is important to organize regular training courses of fire safety for the employees, therefore it is an important section of the thesis. In the practical part of the thesis, a survey was carried out in a form of semi-structured interview with the head of safety department of chosen buildings in České Budějovice. The information acquired during the interviews were evaluated using SWOT analysis, which focuses on strong or weak aspects, opportunities and threats. The aim of the thesis was to evaluate the preparedness in the socially significant buildings in České Budějovice in terms of fire safety and population protection. The goal was to answer two research questions: "How are the buildings prepared in terms of fire protection?" and "How are the buildings and employees prepared in terms of population protection?" The results have shown that not every building is one hundred percent secure. The reasons are the different types of buildings, their age and possible investments into the reconstruction and purchase of new equipment.
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The current status of preparedness of Nemocnice Tábor a. s. on issues of extraordinary events and crisis situations
SOSNOVÁ, Anna
The diploma thesis aimed to judge current preparedness and personnel awareness of Nemocnice tábor a.s. in relation to state of emergency with particular stress on evacuation. Theoretical part of the thesis deals with description of Nemocnice Tábor a. s., definition of state of emergency and crisis situations including their description and possible consequences resulting from risk analysis. Next, this part is focused on evacuation description and necessary documentation resulting from law regulations. Final part deals with the description of training evacuation realized in the hospital and real evacuations which were undertaken in the Czech Republic and in foreign countries in the past. For answering the research question 1 "Does personnel awareness of Nemocnice Tábor a.s. in relation to state of emergency with specific stress on evacuation reach a success rate of 75 % correct answers?" was employed as a method questionnaire. The questionnaire (Attachment 1) was focused on general awareness, knowledge of fire protection, procedures resulting from Plan of crisis preparedness and knowledge of evacuation. For answering the research question 2 "Does preparedness of Nemocnice Tábor a. s. for solving state of emergency with specific stress on evacuation reach success rate of 75 % by set criteria?" was employed as a method interview (Attachment 2). The interview was carried out with the technical expert for security and protection of employees with work and fire protection in Nemocnice Tábor a. s.. Interview was focused on emergency planning connected with drinking water, electric energy, food, medicine, heating, electric communication, flood of people, active shooter attack and evacuation. The results of the questionnaire show that awareness of personnel in relation to state of emergency with particular stress on evacuation reaches a success rate of 57 % That is, when compared to beforehand set success rate of 75 %, not sufficient. On the basis of interview the hospital preparedness reached a success rate of 90,3 % which is for the hospital extraordinary result. Ascertained results will be handed over to Nemocnice Tábor a. s. in order to undertake appropriate steps.
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Application of pedestrian evacuation and fire spreading models for specific buildings safety improvement
Okřinová, Petra ; Hromada, Martin (referee) ; Dvořák, Zdeněk (referee) ; Apeltauer, Tomáš (advisor)
The current trend in the construction industry is construction “without limits”. In projects and implementations, we encounter non-traditional combinations of operational solutions, geometry and materials, which are still approached mainly using the classic standards from the fire safety point of view. The latter does not allow to comprehensively cover all aspects of these specific buildings without a greater degree of subjective simplification. This raises the question of whether, even in these cases, it is still appropriate and safe to use only a standards approach, or whether buildings deviating from traditional construction should be assessed differently – for example, by so-called fire analysis using numerical models. Currently, users still have very little information about the use of these models, and even in the Czech legislation, there is no document recommending how to proceed when using them for the purposes of building fire safety solutions. Numerical models of evacuation and fire analysis are thus currently the most effective tool for impact analysis and preliminary verification of the effectiveness of proposed safety measures. Therefore, it is necessary to deal with their validation and use, with the goal of innovating existing approaches and standardizing numerical models for fire safety assessment of buildings. Furthermore, it is necessary to compare their possibilities and limitations concerning ČSN and to put together a comprehensive information background as a basis for their more active implementation in practice. The presented work thus focuses on the above-mentioned issue and demonstrates its use of application examples of real specific buildings and a set of compiled studies. The work also points out specific shortcomings and simplifications of standard approach methods, based on which verified procedures and recommendations for the incorporation and use of numerical models in fire safety practice are then established.
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Knowledge of the Principles of Public Behaviour in Emergencies among Ninth Grade Pupils of Primary Schools in Prague and Litoměřice
Reiser, Jan ; Fiala, Miloš (advisor) ; Vilášek, Josef (referee)
Title: Knowledge of the Principles of Public Behaviour in Emergencies among Ninth Grade Pupils of Primary Schools in Prague and Litoměřice Objectives: The diploma thesis aims to determine level of knowledge of principles of public behaviour in emergencies among ninth grade pupils in Prague and Litoměřice, specifically floods, chemical accident, fires and storms. Methods: compilation, survey questionnaire, analysis Results: Knowledge of the Principles of Public Behaviour in Emergencies among Ninth Grade Pupils were above average. Success rate of right answers was detected at 76 %. The knowledge of this specific field is sufficient due to overview teaching. At only three questions the answers did not exceed 50 %. As a weak spots can be indicated knowledge about general warning and principles during chamical accident. In comparation Litoměřice had better results by two percentage points than Prague. Men did less wrong answers than women by 4 %. Keywords: flood, fire, chemical accident, storm, evacuation, questionnaire
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Modeling the movement of people when organizing festival events
Žalská, Kateřina ; Uhlík, Ondřej (referee) ; Okřinová, Petra (advisor)
The thesis deals with modeling the movement of people during the music festival Hradecký Majáles. This mass event is very popular in Hradec Králové, and its attendance reaches 17 thousand people. The thesis is focused on optimalization of the normal operation of the event, prediction of possible obstacles and possible danger. For analysis a few verification scenarios are created, including the scenario involving the emergence of danger and following simulation of evacuation of people. Within the analysis the key variables such as density, evacuation time and LoS. The critical places where people could get hurt, are selected. The new security precautions or optimization of site geometry optimizations are suggested for these places. In the conclusion of the 3 thesis is performed efficiency evaluation of the suggested changes resulting from the performed analysis.
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Simulation of the pedestrian evacuation from the school facility
Tesař, Martin ; Plášek, Josef (referee) ; Apeltauer, Tomáš (advisor)
The Bachelor thesis is focused on basic principles of soft targets security and on threats aimed at them. Part of this thesis is about the process of an evacuation movement modeling from a grammar school building, specifically the grammar school in Brno-Řečkovice. The model of the building has been created in the Revit program and the simulation of the movement in the Pathfinder program, which is based on agent simulation technologies. As for the methodology, the thesis is a comparison of the evacuation processes under different conditions.
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Evaluation of the barrierlessness of public buildings in terms of the evacuation of disabled persons in the cadastre of the City of Pilsen
MAJEROVÁ, Hana
This master's thesis, which is entitled "Evaluation of the barrierlessness of public buildings in terms of the evacuation of disabled persons in the cadastre of the City of Pilsen" is divided into two main sections - theoretical and practical. The theoretical section defines basic terms regarding the evacuation of individuals in general, the divisions of evacuation, divisions and characteristics of physically disabled persons and the risks involved in the evacuation of these individuals. Furthermore, it deals with the inclusion of evacuation and barrierlessness in Czech laws. This thesis also deals with the evacuation of public buildings including the time needed for evacuating individuals, the technical means for evacuation, and both static technical and mobile means. Fire-fighting technology for the evacuation of individuals is also mentioned. In order to gather data for the practical section, qualitative research was carried out in the form of structured interviews and tours of selected public buildings. Questions in the interviews were focused on the evacuation of individuals in general and ensuring preparedness for evacuating disabled individuals from the public building in question. The first goal of the thesis was to assess the preparedness of selected public buildings for evacuating disabled individuals in the cadastre of the City of Pilsen. Results show that selected public buildings are prepared for evacuation, but carrying out such an evacuation, including the evacuation of disabled individuals, is often dealt with in an unsatisfactory manner. The second goal was to propose measures or changes for the improvement of the present state of affairs. These propositions were processed based on results gathered from interviews and visits to public buildings. A total of ten buildings that expressed interest in this issue were incorporated into the research. The value of this thesis lies primarily in the effort to make the issue of evacuating disabled persons more visible. In the future, the thesis may be useful for comparing changes in preparedness for evacuating disabled individuals. At the same time, it may also be used as a source of information on the given issue and on evacuation as such.
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Evaluation of introduction protection measures - evacuation at crash of nuclear power station Fukushima
SLÁMA, Filip
The aim of this bachelor thesis is to evaluate the protective measures, notably the evacuation of the population, its development and progress. To achieve the goal of bachelor's work was determined by the research question: Was the safeguard measures and the subsequent procedure for the evacuation of persons from the evacuation zones sufficient? The theoretical part is focused on the particular issue of nuclear power plants, radiation protection and evacuation. The situation described here, which took place directly on the Fukushima daiichi nuclear power plant Daiichi, from the strike of the earthquake and tsunami, after the gradation events in the individual reactors. The research part is about the development of the evacuation in the evacuation zones and the nuclear power plant. Protective measures are described here, and even the consequences and the situation after the crash to the present. The methodology of this work was the gathering of available information from official foreign sources, legislative documents, but also of the publications of the experts. Processing of the available information and the evaluation of the consequences of the evacuation has brought unpleasant findings. The loss of life, which can make a person look a certain way to reflect over the selection of persons suitable to evacuate. In this work were identified and discussed technical shortcomings of the power plant, the information misconduct in communication of the population and in the last row and misconduct of the human factor. The thesis can be used in the general issue of nuclear power plants and evacuation for study purposes or as an information source in the education, energy or public administration.
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