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Qualitative parameters of erythrocytes in selected animal species
BÖHMOVÁ, Václava
The goal of the thesis is to evaluate the haematologic indicators of red blood cells depending to the physiological condition and yield of cattle, sheep and dogs. The evaluation of qualitative parameters of red blood cells included 59 dairy cows, 57 meat cows, 62 sheep and 73 dogs. The evaluation of the haematologic parameters of cattle was performed based on the production (yield) type and by season; that of sheep, by season, age and sex of lambs; and that of dogs, by sex, age and size - weight. The yield types showed statistically significant difference between the number or erythrocytes, haematocrit, haemoglobin, MCV and MCH concentration. The dairy cows showed seasonal fluctuations of the number of erythrocytes, haematocrit and haemoglobin; the meat cows showed fluctuations of the haemoglobin, MCH and MCHC values. The age influenced higher values of erythrocytes in sheep and lower values of MCV and MCH in lambs. The sex of lambs did not lead to significant differences. The evaluation of dogs by age showed differences of haematocrit and haemoglobin values. The dog size (weight) and the sex did not have demonstrable influence on haematologic values. Anaemia was found in 36 % dairy cows (it did not occur in meat cattle) and in 2 sheep (3 %). By most authors, anaemia was not found in dogs.
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Hematological changes in fish exposed to nitrites
FRANĚK, Roman
The aim of the thesis was to determine the effect of nitrite on hematological indices of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). After the fish were exposed to various concentrations of nitrites were determined 48hLC50. For the main test only fractional concentrations of these values were used. For rainbow trout it was 8 mg.l-1 NO2?, for Nile tilapia 11 mg.l-1 NO2?. The exposure of both species lasted for 48 hours. From fish blood were made blood smears to determine the influence of nitrite on size changes of erythrocytes and hematological parameters were set also. The effect of nitrite on changes in the ultrastructure of erythrocytes was determined by the electron microscopy. The erythrocyte nuclei of rainbow trout showed significant (p <0.05) shrinkage. The images of the electron microscope showed an increased amount of changes, especially in the form of various units within the cytoplasm of erythrocytes, was also visible nuclei shrinkage. There was significant (p < 0.01) reduction in the amount of hemoglobin and significant (p < 0.01) increase in the concentration of methemoglobin levels of the exposed groups. In the number of erythrocytes and hematocrit were not detected any changes. Hematological parameters of Nile tilapia did not show any size changes in the measured parameters, no changes were detected in the count of erythrocytes, hemoglobin and hematocrit values.
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The genome size determination in sturgeons using 2-D a 3-D image cytometry.
SRP, Jiří
The genome size of evolutionary polyploid, neopolyploid and hybrid sturgeons is well known for its high variability. Aim of this study was 1) to specify the genome size of polyploid and neopolyploid sturgeons using an analysis of 2-D and 3-D images of specifically stained cells nuclei, 2) to evaluate the samples of populations for cytogenetic analysis needs and thereafter, 3) to compare both methods and record the data either for next research or for negative selection from the broodstock. This test has been done at the laboratory of molecular, cellular and quantitative genetics, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters USB in Vodňany using all sturgeons spawners and using samples obtained from some foreign fish farms which cooperated with the faculty. The samples included A. ruthenus, A. baerii, A. stellatus, A. gueldenstaedtii and Huso huso, intentionally bred hybrids of A. gueldenstaedtii (8n) x A. baerii (12n), A. baerii (8n) x A. ruthenus (4n), A. gueldenstaedtii (8n) x A. baerii (10n) a A. gueldenstaedtii (8n) x A. ruthenus (4n). As methods have been chosen image cytometry and confocal microscopy which use image digitalization and subsequently its computer analysis. The genome size was measured from the size of specifically stained nuclei of erythrocytes in specimens sampled. Result of this study was measuring the genome size in sturgeons under study using different methods, recording the obtained data, description of spatial conformation changes of cell nucleus with increasing ploidy level and deduction of impact to their physiology and comparing the methods between each other. The conclusion is necessity of another sturgeons genome size determination , choice of the best methods for more effective search and research of non-standard individuals and subsequently an examination of their physiological differences.
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