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Perovskite solar cells
Poláková, Simona ; Zmeškal, Oldřich (referee) ; Pospíšil, Jan (advisor)
The bachelor´s thesis deals with the study of perovskite solar cells. The theoretical part of this work is devoted to the stability of the perovskite layer and perovskite solar cells, especially chemical and thermal stability are discussed. Furthermore, deposition methods of perovskite active layer were described in more detail. The experimental part deals with the influence of the dropping of the diethyl ether solution during the deposition of the active layer (at different time intervals) on the final efficiency of solar energy conversion, with the preparation of the final perovskite solar cells and with the characterization of the basic electrical properties of the prepared structures.
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Perovskite materials
Gavranović, Stevan ; Zmeškal, Oldřich (referee) ; Pospíšil, Jan (advisor)
This bachelor´s thesis is focused on a study of electrical properties of perovskite single crystals prepared by inverse temperature crystallization (ITC). Measurements were done on the organic-inorganic halide perovskite monocrystal MAPbBr3 and on the completely inorganic halide perovskite monocrystal CsPbBr3. Crystalline structure and chemical composition of prepared single crystals were determined using x-ray diffraction analysis. Current-voltage characteristics of perovskite monocrystals were measured using solar simulator. Hole carrier mobility were calculated from determined current-voltage characteristics using SCLC method. Furthermore, the dependencies of dielectric permittivity on frequency of alternating current were measured. MAPbBr3 single crystal showed better electrical properties (higher hole carrier mobilities) than CsPbBr3.
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Study of Electric and Dielectric Properties of Alkali-Activated Aluminosilicate with Increased Electrical Conductivity
Florián, Pavel ; Pavlík, Zbyšek (referee) ; Matiašovský, Peter (referee) ; Zmeškal, Oldřich (advisor)
This dissertation deals with the study of electric and dielectric properties of composite structures on the base of alkali-activated aluminosilicates with admixtures of various carbon particles. These materials fabricated from alkali-activated blast furnace slag, quarz sand, natrium water glass as alkali activator, water, dispersant and small amount of carbon admixture (carbon black, graphite powder, carbon fibers or carbon nanotubes) to increase electric conductivity may be used for example to construction of snow-melting, deicing and self-monitoring systems. Their current-voltage characteristics and impedance spectra were used for determination of electric and dielectric properties of these structures. The equivalent circuits were used for evaluation of impedance spectra. The results were correlated with thermal properties of these structures.
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Influence of photochromic additives on the optical and electrical properties of polymer matrices
Tumová, Šárka ; Toman, Petr (referee) ; Weiter, Martin (advisor)
This thesis is focused on the photochromic molecule of spiropyran, which changes its structure as well as physical and chemical properties after UV irradiation. These changes are reversible, the molecule thermally restore its initial structure. For the study, the molecule SP1 with the systematic name 1',3'-dihydro-1',3',3'-trimethyl-6-nitrospiro[2H-1-benzopyran-2,2'-(2H)-indole] was used. This molecule was incorporated within polymers PVK, Tg PPV, PCBTDPP and PCDTBT and the method of UV-VIS spectroscopy was used to observe the photochromic activity within these matrices. The influence of matrices to the ability to undergo UV induced photochromic conversion as well as to the reverse conversion to the initial structure induced by heat was monitored. Furthermore, the influence of spiropyran to the electrical properties of individual matrices was studied. The effect of photochromic conversion to both, the mobility of charge carriers and to the photogeneration was observed. For this purpose, the method of current-voltage measurement was used.
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The study of the electrical and dielectric properties of gas sensors based on ionic liquids
Maráčková, Lucie ; Pospíšil, Jan (referee) ; Zmeškal, Oldřich (advisor)
This diploma´s thesis is focused on a study of electrical and dielectric properties of gas sensors based on ionic liquids. Measurements were done on two different types of OECT substrates (0099 and 0160). Three ionic liquids and physiological solution PBS were chosen as electrolytes. Direct current current-voltage characteristic was measured. Switching rations of transistors with this electrolyte were determined by current-voltage characteristic. Alternating resistivity dependence on frequency were measured as well. Better properties showed OECT 0099 substrates.
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Silicon solar cells: methods for experimental study and evaluation of material parameters in advanced structures
Holovský, Jakub ; Vaněček, Milan (advisor) ; Sládek, Petr (referee) ; Hlídek, Pavel (referee)
This work concerns with today's challenges of photoelectrical characterization methods in the research and development of thin film silicon solar cells. Relevant results are obtained only when photocurrent spectroscopy and measurement of current-voltage characteristics, are applied on the real structures that can however be multi-layered, multi-junction devices with nanostructured interfaces. Analytical and numerical optical models comprising light scattering are used for analysis of light absorption and for evaluation of optical absorption coefficient of silicon layers in sub-gap region. The slope of absorption edge and residual absorption in mid-gap indicate material disorder and defect density. Based on the investigation of electrical interaction between sub-cells in the dual-junction solar cell we developed new methods of evaluation of photocurrent spectra and current-voltage characteristics individually for each sub-cell with no need to contact them directly. Usability of Fourier Transform Photocurrent Spectroscopy as a robust method for photocurrent spectroscopy of amorphous silicon is thoroughly analyzed here. The issues of frequency dependence are addressed in detail and comparison with photothermal deflection spectroscopy is made.
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Study of dielectrical properties of organic material thin films
Pospíšil, Jan ; Boušek, Jaroslav (referee) ; Mikula, Milan (referee) ; Zmeškal, Oldřich (advisor)
The dissertation is focused on the study of electric and especially dielectric properties of thin film organic materials with their huge potential for optoelectronics and other industrial sectors. The theoretical part deals with the use of organic materials in organic photovoltaic cells, the methods of deposition techniques and characterization. The theoretical knowledge of the dielectric spectroscopy, including methods for determining the physical properties and evaluation of experimental data are also described. The experimental part is devoted to the study of small molecule organic solar cells with bulk heterojunction composed of electron donor molecule of DPP(TBFu)2 and electron acceptor fullerene derivatives, such as PC60BM, PC70BM and TC60BM. The experimental part is divided into two main parts. The first part deals with the study of processes occurring at the interface between the active layer and the contact; the second part is focused on transport processes inside the structure of photovoltaic cells and also contains a study of perovskite solar cells.
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Study of optoelectrical properties of organic semiconductor thin film layers
Pospíšil, Jan ; Weiter, Martin (referee) ; Zmeškal, Oldřich (advisor)
The thesis is focused on the study of electric and dielectric properties of thin film organic materials that can be used as an active layer of photovoltaic cells. Primarily were studied the properties of the layers on the glass substrates, which consist of a thin active layer of phthalocyanines. On the samples were first measured current-voltage characteristics (in the dark and during the exposure) and the basic parameters of the photovoltaic conversion were determined. Finally were measured frequency dependencies (impedance spectra, in the dark and during the exposure) and the parameters of a model of the structure with organic semiconductor were determined. The obtained results will be used to optimize the properties of photovoltaic cells.
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