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The Concept of Prudence
Boukalová, Michaela ; Rauš, Jiří (advisor)
Bachelor work aims especially characterize all components of the Concept of Prudence. It contains description of effect of the Concept of Prudence on trading income and illustration in balance-sheet as well. Special chapter is addicted to the challenge of contravention of the Concept of Prudence and interpretation of consequences which can arise. Every chapter contains example explaining problematic parts in practice.
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Prudence principle in accounting
Věžník, Marek ; Bokšová, Jiřina (advisor)
The principle of prudence in accounting is one of several generally accepted accounting principles. The need of prudence principle arises from the fact that an accounting entities are often found in situations in which they must deal with certain risks and uncertainties. The basic purpose of this principle is to not to overvalue assets and revenues and also not to undervalue liabilities and expenses. Prudence principle is realized mainly through these instruments: provisions, impairment of assets and depreciation of assets. This bachelor work focuses on the description of provisions and impairment of assets. Its aim is also to describe the provisions and impairment of assets in terms of both the Czech accounting legislation and IAS/IFRS and outline the basic differences between these legislative accounting regulations.
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Provisions in Accounting of Businesses
Jakubcová, Klára ; Míková, Marie (advisor) ; Roubíčková, Jaroslava (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with problems of provisions. Its substantial part is devoted to obvious provisions. First of all, there is metioned a general determination of provisions and some of Generally accepted accounting principles, which have the largest influence on formation of provisions. The thesis describes provisions according to International Financial Reporting Standards and according to the Czech legislation. Consequently, the thesis compares czech approach to provisions with IFRS's approach. With regard to upcoming amendments of provision in IFRS the part of thesis reports essential proposed changes. The end of the thesis is devoted to buried reserves. There is mentioned life cycle, meaning and examples of buried reserves.
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Prudence principle in generally accepted accounting systems
Tichá, Veronika ; Krupová, Lenka (advisor) ; Strouhal, Jiří (referee)
This master's thesis is focused on a prudence principle under International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) a US Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (US GAAP) in accounting of a reporting unit. In the first part I described the prudence principle (conservatism principle) in the general way. In the second part of this thesis I introduced impairment testing, recognition of impairment of assets and reversal of previously recognized impairment of assets under IAS 36 Impairment of Assets. It is obviously focused on recoverable amount as a fair value less costs to sell and value in use, methods of the fair value valuation, computing value in use and identifying the appropriate discount rate to apply expected future cash flows. Third chapter of this master's thesis, named "Provisions under IAS 37", is dealing with relation between provisions and contingent liabilities, initial liability measurement and subsequent applying IAS 37. There are also stated disclosure requirements under IAS 37 (as well as under IAS 36). Within the scope of this part are in detail described Exposure Draft ED/2005 and Exposure Draft ED/2010/1 published from International Accounting Standard Board IASB in 2005 and 2010 as proposal to improvement of current version of standard IAS 37. This thesis is also focused on differences between accounting principles of prudence principle in IFRS and US GAAP. Finally, in the last chapter I analysed 15 annual reports of airlines companies in the world, which present their financial statements under IFRS. The results according to impairment of assets including goodwill, provisions and disclosures of contingent liabilities are presented in the charts. This master's thesis, named "Prudence principle in generally accepted accounting systems" is completed with practical insights and cases in each of chapters.
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Deferred tax in Czech republic
Kervitcerová, Ludmila ; Randáková, Monika (advisor)
Bachelor project is based on deferred tax in Czech republic. Project is interested in the essence of deferred income tax and in the principle of its recognition. Part of the project put mind to the timing differences and to the income tax rate. The assesment of the deferred tax liabilities or deferred tax assets took part of the project as well.
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Provisions — Comparison of Attitude of Czech Accounting Legislation and IAS/IFRS
Benešová, Barbora ; Velechovská, Lenka (advisor)
The thesis attends to the issue of provisions as an instrument of the prudence principle in Czech legislation and in International Financial Reporting Standards. In addition to delimitation of provisions according to Czech legislation the thesis includes also listing of particular categories of provisions and tax-deductible provisions. Thereinafter, it defines provisions from IAS/IFRS point of view. The objective of the thesis is to summarise the issue and to compare regulations of provisions of both, IAS/IFRS and Czech concept.
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Prudence
Vyoralová, Kateřina ; Bokšová, Jiřina (advisor)
The main aim of the work is to describe the Concept of Prudence and how it is used in accounting. The accent is on reserves, decrease in value and depreciation. Each section is divide into parts with schematic examples and graphs.
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Projev zásady opatrnosti v účetnictví
Zachová, Veronika ; Procházka, David (advisor)
Tato práce se snaží vysvětlit souvislosti, týkající se zásady opatrnosti. Největší důraz je kladen na rezervy a opravné položky. Na oba tyto nástroje je nahlíženo ze tří pohledů, nejdříve je problematika popsána dle českých účetních předpisů, dále následuje výklad podle mezinárodních účetních standardů IAS/IFRS a nakonec je ukázán poslední pohled na rezervy či opravné položky, a to výklad dle českých daňových předpisů. Pro lepší vysvětlení alespoň nejdůležitějších souvislostí jsou některé kapitoly doplněny ilustrativními příklady.
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Accounting concept - Prudence
Dang, Thu Trang ; Bokšová, Jiřina (advisor)
Otherwise known as conservatism. The concept says that a company should never anticipate profit before they are actually earned and should never understate it's expenses. This means that the highest level of the expenses and the lowest level of profits should be used in making financial statements. The accounting concept - Prudence is realized by reserves, asset provisions and deprecations.
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