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Legal Penalty for Unfair Competition
Zátopek, Petr ; Patěk, Daniel (advisor) ; Zahradníčková, Marie (referee)
This diploma thesis concern with the legal penalty for unfair competition from the perspective of private law. The goal of this thesis is to analyze the respective private law means of protection against unfair competition, which are governed by Act no. 89/2012 Coll., The Civil Code and the Law no. 99/1963 Coll., The Civil Procedure Code. Attention is also paid to the legitimation of subjects in disputes arising from unfair competition and private law protection against unfair competition on the social network. Thesis is divided into the four chapters. Introduction of the first chapter is dedicated to law against unfair competition in general. The first subchapter sets out in detail general clause governed by § 2976 of the Civil Code, especially its historical development. The second subchapter deals with the new merits of the intrusive harassment, which was included due to the recodification of private law in the Czech Republic among the special facts of unfair competition provided by the Civil Code. The second chapter of this thesis is focused on the legitimation of the subjects in disputes arising from unfair competition. This chapter deals with actively and passively legitimized subjects that arising in disputes from unfair competition and trying to specified these individual entities in...
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Legal penalties for unfair competition
Černá, Karolína ; Patěk, Daniel (advisor) ; Liška, Petr (referee)
Legal Penalties for Unfair Competition As the unfair competition has become the part of business due to the fact that businessmen are trying to achieve the profit, it is necessary to set up legal rules and restrictions to assure the fair competition, i.e. competition without unfairness and negative effect on functionality of the economic competition. The aim of the diploma thesis is to analyse legal penalties of unfair competition especially in Czech legal order by means of interpretation of affected legal provisions together with judicature of the Supreme Court and other courts. First part of the thesis concerns theoretical scope of legal concepts concerning the unfair competition. The second chapter deals with active and passive legitimacy of subjects according to the Commercial Code. Both chapters give the theoretical framework for the whole thesis. The core of the diploma thesis is the third and fourth part, whereas the third part concerns the means of protection against unfair competition which are divided into several groups according to the law in which they are regulated (private law, public law divided into administrative and penal law, European law) and focuses on private law with using rich judicature of Czech courts. The fourth part regards specific procedural institutes that are...
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The concept of an average consumer under Czech and European law
Jedlinský, Jakub ; Patěk, Daniel (advisor) ; Rozehnal, Aleš (referee)
1 The concept of an average consumer under Czech and European law RESUMÉ: The thesis is focused on the role of a so called average consumer under the law of unfair competition; namely concerning advertising and misleading labelling. The concept of an average consumer is being analysed under written law as well as in jurisprudence. The Czech and European laws are emphasized but other legal systems are also mentioned. A description of a current situation and history of the concept are accompanied by considerations de lege ferenda. Mainly the term consumer is being criticized as not quite suitable within the context of unfair competition. Unlike under the contract law, here the consumer does not represent an acting entity but a target or a prey. The current trend of weakening consumer's position-and therefore exaggeration's easing in advertising-is also criticized. Generally speaking, the advertising as such is being denounced; in particular because it harms the consumer and thus it is buck passing to speak about a consumer's protection while protecting and helping a competitor in reality. The thesis deals with practical impacts of misleading labelling on a consumer (and/or a competitor). According to its own methodology, it divides the misleading labelling into three categories: promotional, unsatisfactory...
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European law against unfair competition
Hobzová, Anna ; Patěk, Daniel (advisor) ; Eichlerová, Kateřina (referee)
European law against unfair competition This diploma thesis deals with the regulation of European law against unfair competition in the Directive on unfair commercial practices as well as in the Directive concerning misleading and comparative advertising. The aim of this thesis is to provide a comprehensive explanation of the areas of the law against unfair competition regulated by these directives with regard to relevant jurisprudence of the Court of Justice of the European Union, another objective is to evaluate the success of transposition of this regulation into czech national law. After the introductary part, the thesis is diveded into six chapters. The first chapter briefly defines the status of the law against unfair competition in the legal system, interprets the basic terms and describes the role of the Court of Justice of the European Union. The second chapter is dedicated to the evolution of the law against unfair competition at the level of European Union. The third chapter is dedicated to misleading advertising and its regulation by the Directive concerning misleading and comparative advertising, the fourth chapter is dedicated to comparative advertising regulated by the same directive. The fifth chapter deals with unfair commercial practices in business to consumer relations regulated...
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Comparative advertisement - the development of regulation in the Czech legal order
Dufková, Marie ; Horáček, Vít (advisor) ; Patěk, Daniel (referee)
The Comparative Advertising - development of regulation in the Czech legal order Resumé My thesis analyzes the legal regulation of the comparative advertising in the Czech Republic. It deals not only with the current legislation, but it looks at the historical development and future perspectives too. The goal of my thesis is to provide a thorough guide to the development of its legal regulation within the particular eras of the Czech history, describe different approaches of legislators, judges and professionals, and eventually, I try to evaluate the current situation and draw conclusions. At the very beginning after my introduction I put a short chapter containing a few words about the term "comparative advertising" itself and about the different types of comparative advertising. Then, in the following chapter I chronologically address the issues of legal legislation in the history of the Czech Republic: the first part is dedicated to the time period of so called "First Republic" and its Law on protection against unfair competition and its vast judicature. The second part is concerned with the socialist era in our history, the complete rejection of the economic competition as such and the logical decline in the interest in the unfair competition legislation. The last two parts of this chapter mention the...
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Trade marks in the context of the economic competition
Wellartová, Lucie ; Horáček, Vít (advisor) ; Zahradníčková, Marie (referee)
The diploma thesis concentrates on the topic of trademarks in the context of the economic competition. The first part of the thesis is devoted to the general perspective on the trademarks and to the national and international legislation regulating the usage of trademarks. The second part of the thesis analyses the function and usage the trademarks in the context of the economic competition. The thesis is divided into 6 chapters. The first chapter focuses on the definition of the institute of a trademark and on its position in the system of intellectual property law. In addition, it provides an insight into the primary sources related to trademarks including the legislative norms and case-law. Moreover, the first chapter contains also a typological and functional classification of the trademarks and outlines the absolute and relative reasons for refusal to register a trademark and therefore for the denial to provide legal protection of this institute. The conclusion of the chapter is devoted to the various forms of expiry of the trademarks such as cancellation or expiration. Chapter two concentrates on the impact of the legal institute of a trademark. In particular, it focuses on the rights and duties of the owner of a trademark including the limitations of the intellectual property law imbued in a...
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Aggressive business practices in competition
Schwetzová, Tereza ; Patěk, Daniel (advisor) ; Čech, Petr (referee)
Thesis title: Aggressive business practices in competition This thesis deals with an analysis of aggressive business practices within competition, focusing on aggressive business practices in relation to other competitors, i.e. B2B relations. The thesis is divided into four chapters with an unnumbered introduction and conclusion. The most crucial part of the thesis can be found in the second and third chapter. The first chapter introduces reader to the issue of unfair competition. In particular, the chapter deals with the analysis of the general clause, as the key provision within the private law framework of unfair competition. Above mentioned is the reason of a brief historical development of this provision being also included in this chapter. Furthermore, the chapter considers the adaptation of unfair competition among the European Union. The second chapter deals with the analysis of the factual phenomena of aggressive business practices, namely denigration (section 2984), unlawful comparative advertising (section 2980) and breach of trade secrets (section 2985), considering the newly adopted directive on the protection of undisclosed know-how and business information (trade secrets). The chapter also incorporates relevant case law. Third chapter deals with aggressive business practices...
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Registration and Use of Domain Names in Unfair Competition
Zajíc, Jan ; Horáček, Tomáš (referee)
Registration and Use of Domain Names in Unfair Competition The subject of this diploma thesis is the application of Czech law concerning unfair competition to the unfair competition practices related to registration and use of domain names, in particular to the unfair competition practices of cybersquatting. The aim of the thesis is examining questions whether the Czech legislation provides an effective instrument for ensuring legal recourse to the practices concerned. In order to solve the stated issue, the author of the thesis describes in the first chapter, mainly by the descriptive method, the necessary technical basis of domain name problematics and registration, in the second chapter defines the legal nature of a domain name and related rights considering the recodification of civil law, in the third chapter the author analyzes mainly by the descriptive method the legal grounds of EU legislation on competition, the form of regulation and its influence on the national regulation of unfair competition. The fourth chapter examines the general provision of unfair competition and analyzes whether the general provision is correctly interpreted and applied by courts to unfair competition practices of cybersquatting, particularly whether the courts correctly interpret the concept of the normative...
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Registration and Use of Domain Names in Unfair Competition
Zajíc, Jan ; Horáček, Tomáš (referee)
Registration and Use of Domain Names in Unfair Competition The subject of this diploma thesis is the application of Czech law concerning unfair competition to the unfair competition practices related to registration and use of domain names, in particular to the unfair competition practices of cybersquatting. The aim of the thesis is examining questions whether the Czech legislation provides an effective instrument for ensuring legal recourse to the practices concerned. In order to solve the stated issue, the author of the thesis describes in the first chapter, mainly by the descriptive method, the necessary technical basis of domain name problematics and registration, in the second chapter defines the legal nature of a domain name and related rights considering the recodification of civil law, in the third chapter the author analyzes mainly by the descriptive method the legal grounds of EU legislation on competition, the form of regulation and its influence on the national regulation of unfair competition. The fourth chapter examines the general provision of unfair competition and analyzes whether the general provision is correctly interpreted and applied by courts to unfair competition practices of cybersquatting, particularly whether the courts correctly interpret the concept of the normative...
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Legal Doctrine and Case Law Related to the Act on Protection Against Unfair Competition (1927) and Their Influence on the Current Law Against Unfair Competition
Veselý, Petr ; Patěk, Daniel (advisor) ; Hurychová, Klára (referee)
The subject matter of this thesis is the analysis of the Czech pre-WW2 legislation on unfair competition as laid out by the Act on Protection against Unfair Competition 111/1927 Sb. and the vast body of work concerning its interpretation and application as contained in both doctrinal works and especially the case law of the Czechoslovak Supreme Court. The thesis then attempts to thoroughly compare these to the relevant contemporary Czech case law and theoretical works. To achieve this goal, after a thorough preliminary analysis and selection of the relevant sources (especially applicable case law), the thesis lays out the most crucial legal questions and areas of interest in which the current legal doctrine and case law have been influenced by the pre-war era. The thesis contains thorough analysis of provisions containing vague legal terms, such as "good morals of competition", "business relations" or "average consumer" and attempts to put these into the context of legislation, legal doctrine and case law of the first Czechoslovak Republic. Considerable attention is also paid to the relationship between industrial property law and the law on unfair competition. The focus has been put on providing an analysis of the foundations that had shaped the legal thinking of the first Czechoslovak Republic in...
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