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Web application for planning waste fractions collection
Kubowský, Jiří ; Šeda, Miloš (referee) ; Dobrovský, Ladislav (advisor)
The aim of this thesis is to develop a web application to support the planning of waste collection with an emphasis on a user-friendly interface and variability in terms of configurability of task boundary conditions. The development of the application builds on models and algorithms developed in the field of waste management. The application will be a tool for end users to work with these data, models, and algorithms. In the theoretical part, the issues of waste sorting and collection are presented. The practical part deals with the development of the web application from the basic concept, through the technologies used, to the details of the actual implementation.
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Sink disposers and theirs importance in biological degradable waste removal.
Amemori, Anna ; Benešová, Libuše (advisor) ; Doležalová, Markéta (referee)
Some 30 - 50 % of municipal solid waste (MSW) is biodegradable waste. Most of this waste is sent to landfills or incinerated and is not recovered. According to Waste Management Plan of Czech Republic based on the Landfill Directive of EU, Czech Republic should to reduce weight of biodegradable waste sent to lanndfills to 75 % in 2010 and 35 % in 2020 compared with the amount that had been landfilled in 1995. In rural areas biodegradable waste is fed to animals or treated by home composting. However in urban areas the collection of separated biowaste is problem for a long time. Food waste disposers (FWDs) presents interesting alternative for the biowaste disposal. They enable the separation of food waste at source by shreding it in a kitchen sink. FWDs utilize existing infrastructure of sewer system to transport shreded wastes to wastewater treatment plants (WWTP). Wastes can be disposed in WWTPs by anaerobic digestion - the best method for disposal of food waste of animal origin. This work concentrates on literature research of studies about feasibility of FWD as a instrument for biodegradable waste removal and compares arguments for and against using of FWDs in households. Majority of studies shows no complications in sewer system and on WWTP after instalation of FWDs. Energetic and hydraulic consumption...
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Assessment of suitability MSW landfilling in the Czech Republic
Kosová, Kristýna ; Benešová, Libuše (advisor) ; Kotoulová, Zdenka (referee)
The paper examines the suitability of municipal waste landfill in the Czech Republic. Landfill is still the most common method of waste disposal. This is mainly due to the number of landfills in the country, the level of charges, poorly built infrastructure capacity and other technical facilities for waste management. The work deals with the actual construction of landfill, through the production, collection and sorting MSW to the political and economic waste management. It also focusing on current issues of legislation and waste management. Part of this work is survey of public opinion and proffesional's views on this issue, which is divided to supporters and opponents. Although the landfill haves still a decreasing trend, the fact remains that there will be always stay some residual waste that can not to be completly remove. So the landfill will always remain as integral part of waste management.
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Modelling of solid waste treatment with GIS
Jiřičková, Kateřina ; Matějíček, Luboš (advisor) ; Balner, Petr (referee)
Under the current waste legislation in both European Union and Czech Republic, material recovery is preferred over other types of municipal solid waste treatment. However, waste collection systems have negative environmental impacts. This thesis deals with modeling and optimization of waste collection routes, which should lower their impact. The model makes use of the ArcGIS software system and operations research to optimize routes. Inputs of the model are the amount of waste produced in the region, locations of the final facilities, and their capacities. The amount of waste produced per district was estimated to be the portion of total waste produced corresponding to the number of inhabitants of given district. Final facilities are the assorting lines. Distances between districts and final facilities were computed by Network Analyst Extension of ArcGIS. The index method assigns the assorting lines to districts in a way that minimizes total distance traveled by waste collection vehicles, while respecting the capacity of the assorting lines. Outputs are waste collection routes and the distance, per waste type, traveled by the waste collection vehicles. The model allows changing the input data to observe changes in the waste collection system. The model was applied to the data from the capital of...
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Refuse Derived Fuel
Exnerová, Anežka ; Kalivodová, Markéta (referee) ; Lachman, Jakub (advisor)
This bachelor’s thesis deals with the Waste-to-Energy topic focusing on refuse derived fuels. The aim of the first part is to describe what refuse derived fuels are, what are their properties and composition. From this point of view, we determine a comparison with municipal solid waste. Second part is about production process. Possible parameters of refuse derived fuels and the technological process of mechanical-biological treatment are presented here. Following part is focused on fuel combustion. This chapter lists combustion plants and emissions from the incineration of waste and refuse derived fuel.
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Analysis of municipal solid waste in practice
Wildová, Kristýna ; Smejkalová, Veronika (referee) ; Gregor, Jiří (advisor)
The main purpose of the submitted diploma thesis is detailed research of studies and methodologies that deal with the analysis of the municipal waste composition, with focus on residual solid waste and transfer of acquired knowledge into practise. The research is focused on key parameters and procedures of studies and methodologies that took place in the Czech Republic, and also abroad. The identified information and procedures are properly summarized and evaluated. The theoretical findings were applied in the analysis of the municipal solid waste composition in a field work. The thesis is also focused on the practical feasibility of MSW analysis and related tasks. The data obtained during field work analysis of MSW are evaluated at the end of the thesis.
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Analysis of Municipal Solid Waste Composition
Novák, Michal ; Kropáč, Jiří (referee) ; Šomplák, Radovan (advisor)
This diploma thesis provides extensive research of municipal solid waste studies and methodologies from all over the world. Firstly, the studies are described in general and then divided into several groups depending on the principle of their working practices, including their advantages and disadvantages. Secondly, the studies are divided by geographic areas. The results of the individual studies are presented and compared. Based on the findings in the thesis, appropriate methodology for municipal solid waste analysis in the Czech Republic is proposed.
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ADVANCED REGRESSION MODELS
Rosecký, Martin ; Popela, Pavel (referee) ; Bednář, Josef (advisor)
This thesis summarizes latest findings about municipal solid waste (MSW) modelling. These are used to solve multivariable version of inverse prediction problem. It is not possible to solve such problem analytically, so heuristic framework using regression models and data reconciliation was developed. As a side product, models for MSW modelling using PCA (Principal Component Analysis) and LM (Linear Model) were created. These were compared with heuristic model called RF (Random Forest). Both of these models were also used for per capita MSW modelling. Theoretical parts about generalized linear models, data reconciliation and nonlinear programming are also included.
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