|
|
Study of the ecology of electric vehicle
Varhaník, Jiří ; Jandová, Kristýna (referee) ; Jaššo, Kamil (advisor)
The first chapter of this bachelor's thesis describes the history of electric cars, their origin, success and decline at the time. The following chapter deals with the clarification of the carbon footprint with regard to the connection to other chapters in the field of ecology of passenger cars. The main goal of this thesis was to study the issues related to the ecology of passenger cars with a focus on electric vehicles in the Czech Republic. The~ecology of vehicles covers all periods of the car's life-cycle, starting with the production, following with utilization, final disposal and recycling of the vehicle. Another goal was to select and describe a suitable methodology for calculating the environmental impact of these vehicles. In the practical part, the relations and calculation methodologies were determined, data sources for individual parameters of these relations were obtained and the calculations were performed. The last part was about processing the obtained data into equations, tables and graphs.
|
|
|
Interactive effects of elevated CO2 concentration, drought and nitrogen nutrition on malting quality of spring barley
Simor, J. ; Klem, Karel ; Psota, V.
Elevated CO2 concentration [EC] generally leads to increased rates of photosynthesis, increased formation of assimilates and finally to storing them in the grain. Increased storage of starch in the grain, however, leads to an unbalanced proportion to the proteins, and their relative content decreases. This is particularly apparent in the conditions of nitrogen deficiency. The interactive effects of EC, nitrogen nutrition and reduced water availability are, however, not yet sufficiently understood. Within the manipulation experiment in open top chambers (Domaninek near Bystrice nad Pernstejnem) that allow simulation of EC (expected by the end of this century 700 ppm) and drought, the effect of these interactions on protein content, and other quality parameters of spring barley grain was studied. EC reduced grain protein content, increased extract, Kolbach index and also summary Malting quality index. Such effect was more pronounced under higher nitrogen dose, which generally worsened malting quality parameters. Reduced water availability slightly enhanced all malting quality parameters and also showed slight synergistic effect to EC. No clear interactive effects on malting quality were found for nitrogen nutrition and water availability.
|
|
|
Effort sharing as a legal measure of climate protection
Srb, Jáchym ; Pokorný, Jiří (advisor) ; Sobotka, Michal (referee)
Master thesis "Effort sharing as a legal measure of climate protection" strives to give a comprehensive account of the key characteristics of the effort sharing system, which is one of the two principal EU mitigation tools of the EU. In order to provide a better insight, the thesis first discusses the topic in context of economic theory and international law on climate. The thesis itself is divided into four chapters. First chapter defines the object of climate regulation i.e. greenhouse gases their production and the legal framework of their measuring and accounting.Second chapter focuses on the economic background of climate regulation and it compares different theoretical approaches with existing regulation in force on international and European level. Third chapter gives basic account of the international framework of climate law and specifically on the international mitigation obligations of the EU, which are relevant for the EU law. Fourth and final chapter describes the main aspects of the effort sharing system in contrast to the EU ETS. It draws mainly from the Decision no. 406/2009/ES, which is currently in force and the Regulation no. 2018/842, which will shape the effort sharing system for the 2021 - 2030 period. In four sub- chapters it focuses on the definition of regulated emission...
|
|
|
Měření a porovnání emisí z chovů skotu
ŠEBELKA, Jan
The diploma thesis deals with environmental pollution and offers measures how to reduce it. It also deals with greenhouse gasses and load gasses such as ammonia, methane and others which are produced in agricultural livestock production. The thesis deals with the determination and measurement of concentrations of load gases such as ammonia and methane. Subsequently, the production specific emission is calculated, which is discussed at the end of the work and a measure for its reduction is proposed. A winter bed with deep litter was provided for the whole 24-hour measurement. The Innova measuring instrument was used for correct microclimate measurement and other special instruments were used to evaluate the results. Means for reducing gas emissions are proposed in the thesis.
|
|
|
Zhodnocení vybrané "správné zemědělské praxe" ve vybraném provozu s chovem skotu
POSPÍCHAL, Lukáš
This thesis deals with the topic of airpollutin caused by the greenhouse gases and ammonia which rises by cash breeding of dairy cows. Worldwide agriculture is considered as one of the biggest producer of ammonia. The thesis describes the environment and its components, law and legislation connected with this topic. The second part of the thesis deals with the measured and evaluated gases. The measurement took place at a collective farm in Skalka (farm Lipí), where dairy cows are bred. Both - the main measuring device and the distributor of consumption spots were supplied by the company INNOVA. Last part of the thesis mentions the ways how to reduce the stable gases production.
|
|
|
Zhodnocení "Správné zemědělské praxe" ve vybraném provozu s chovem skotu a zhodnocení produkce zátěžových plynů z ustájení
ŠEBELKA, Jan
This bachelor thesis is focused on solution the issue of environmental pollution, which falls within the sphere of the Earth. Furthermore, this work deals with the greenhouse gases and ammonia and other gases produced from agricultural livestock production. Agriculture is globally considered to be clearly the largest producer of ammonia. Further the work deals with good agricultural practice, the measurement and reduction solutions of stable microclimate and overal welfare. Custom work is focused on determining and measuring the concentration of gaseous emissions of carbon dioxide, methane, water vapor, nitrous oxide primarily ammonia. The measurement was carried out in the barn with a meat breed Aberdeen Angus on family farm Angus farma Rančice from Kamenný Újezd near České Budějovice. For the measurement of exhaust gas was used special device. Main measuring device was from the company INNOVA. Further, there are proposals include funds for reducing gas emissions
|
|
| |
|
|
Utilization of sampling filters from the Kresin atmospheric station for further analysis
Vítková, Gabriela ; Kahoun, D. ; Strnadová, G. ; Hanuš, Vlastimil ; Petrov, M. ; Tříska, Jan ; Holoubek, Ivan
The Kresin At Pacov Atmospheric Station serves as a monitoring point for the occurrence and remote transmission of greenhouse gases, selected atmospheric pollutants and basic meteorological characteristics. The determination of the GHG concentration (CO2, CH4, N2O, CO) is carried out in air continuously sampled at 10, 50, 125 and 250 m heights. The analysis itself takes place at the foot of a high mast where the air is drawn through the tubes of Synflex 1300. lines and individual analyzers are protected from mechanical pollution by input filters that are changed at regular intervals as part of the routine maintenance of the device or earlier when unexpected clogging occurs. Analyzing these filters can provide additional information about the surrounding area. These are stainless filters (Swagelog „T“ filter) with a porosity of 40 μm. A sampling head is provided in front of them to protect them from rough dirt and water drops. The volume flow of the scrubbed air is about 15 l / min, the exchange interval is usually 3 months. The need to replace these filters has increased in recent months as the flow rate on the sampling lines has fallen. The question arises as to how long the filters remain fully passable and how well they serve their purpose without burdening the sampling system and lowering the measurement quality. The results of analyzes of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) carried out on filters at the Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Faculty of Science of South Bohemian University as well as images from the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) could be helpful in answering this question. On the basis of the preliminary results, we propose a more extensive study for the use of this waste material for the analysis of solid particles from the atmosphere in the surroundings of AS Křešín near Pacov and the optimization of the QA / QC sampling systems of greenhouse gas analyzers.
|
|
|
Legal protection of the ozone layer
Žujová, Magdaléna ; Humlíčková, Petra (advisor) ; Snopková, Tereza (referee)
107 Summary The Ozone layer of the Earth located in the stratosphere in an altitude of 20 to 50 kilometres is the important part of the gases surrounding the planet Earth. Its purpose is to absorb UV radiation that otherwise very negatively affects life on the Earth. During the twentieth century, this ability was weakened by the emission of substances proven much later to be very dangerous in this way. Until 1987, by various chemical reactions, in particular of chlorine atoms, the ozone hole has been formed over the South Pole of the Earth, not fully healed yet. In 1985, risk to human life led using the precautionary principle to the adoption of the Vienna Convention and subsequently of its implementing protocol including specific obligations especially the control measures of the production and consumption of ozone depleting substances and of the trade with them in 1987. The protocol was later modified by amendments and adjustments. This diploma thesis describes these acts with respect to their evolution and actual state of knowledge. At European level, it shows the evolution of the European environmental law in focus on the protection of the ozone layer and on the process of incorporation of international instruments in this area of environmental law. It describes these European acts and compares the...
|
|
|
Measurement of greenhouse gas concentrations
Dohnal, Jan ; Vyroubal, Petr (referee) ; Bača, Petr (advisor)
This master thesis deals with the greenhouse effect, various gases and methods of measurement. On the greenhouse effect is viewed from its historical dating, despite changes in atmospheric composition. It contains a theoretical analysis of the individual gases. It focuses on the most harmful greenhouse gases such as water vapor, carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, methane, ozone, chlorofluorocarbons and halons. Analysis methods for detection of gaseous substances. Part of this work is focus on the detection of nitrogen dioxide, chloro-fluorocarbon and methane. The data is processed using a ATmega’s microcontroller and then sent to an Internet server thingspeak.com. If the device proves successful, will be used as a laboratory exercise in the course Ecology in electronics.
|
guest ::
