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Role of commercial insurance in solving consequences of nuclear risks
Zindulka, Martin ; Ducháčková, Eva (advisor) ; Hoffman, Andrej (referee)
This thesis aims on solving consequences of nuclear accidents in nucler power plants through commercial insurance. First part of this work introduces internationl liability framework for nuclear accidents, which contains international nuclear threaties and work of International Atomic Energy Agency, altogether with work of czech Agency for nuclear security. Next chapters describe nuclear insurance pools, with special focus on american pool American Nuclear Insurers and Czech nuclear insurance pool. Final part of this thesis goes through two big nuclear accidents in Three Mile Island power plant and in Fukushima power plant. Both accidents are described in wide perspective, including solving and financing of consequences from nuclear insurance and from other financial sources available at the time of disaster.
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Overview and analysis of follow-up actions based on nuclear power plants stress-test results in the Czech Republic and world-wide
Ludvík, Lubomír ; bezpečnost, Ondřej Šťastný, Státní úřad pro jadernou (referee) ; Katovský, Karel (advisor)
This thesis deals with the issue of the stress tests as a reaction to Fukushima accident. Nuclear safety and control systems are generally described in different modes. Fukushima accident is analyzed and described in details. Special attention is focused on the final results and lessons learnt as the background for stress tests goals. The main part of the thesis are the stress tests at all NPP in the European Union overview. Scope of tests was focused on resistance to extreme environmental conditions, a complete loss of safety systems and actions with solution of the severe accidents, including reactor core melting and subsequent effects. The Czech NPPs are discussed in detail, the others in particular way. Finally, recommendations that will be implemented within a few years are summarized. It will strengthen the management of severe accidents beyond the design basic events.
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Limits and a World-Wide Status of New Nuclear Installations
Novák, Martin ; Šťastný, Ondřej (referee) ; Katovský, Karel (advisor)
This bachelor´s thesis deals with new nuclear installations from the beginning of nuclear era to the present installations. In the introduction of this thesis are mentioned historical events that led to the current nuclear power engineering. Furthermore, there is summarized the present world-wide state of nuclear energy and its share of the total electrical production. The introduction also contains the basic division of nuclear power plants into generations. Current and past construction of nuclear power plants is divided to the generations with focusing on development and construction of individual nuclear power reactor types. This thesis also characterizes the first nuclear era with evaluation of factors which had influence on development and construction of nuclear power plants in different countries. In next section is a world-wide status of new nuclear installations in comparison with past nuclear installations. The following section contains comparison of age of permanently shutdown reactors and operational reactors with respect to their future replacement. The thesis figures out the possibilities of increasing nuclear power capacity and life extension of nuclear power plants in operation. Furthermore, there is summarization of all projects that are currently in process of construction. This thesis is also focused on analysis of the construction delays of two European nuclear power plants Olkuluoto 3 in Finland and Flamanville 3 in France. Developments in these individual projects are sorted chronologically to the present state with pointing to the cause of delays. The detailed analysis contains the characterization of the main projects participants and their parts in the projects. In the final part of this thesis the author presents a description of construction some other nuclear power plants projects in the world.
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Project of nuclear power unit secure emergency power supply for design basis accident as well as for extension conditions
Žák, Tomáš ; Šťastný, Jiří (referee) ; Katovský, Karel (advisor)
The present Master´s thesis aims at designing an evolutionary scheme of secured power supply at nuclear power plants with VVER 440 reactors during design basis accidents as well as design extension conditions. In the first part of this thesis, concepts relating to the defence in depth of nuclear reactors, operating modes of the blocks as well as types and possibilities of electrical power supply and electric circuits of the block are defined. Although the present thesis deals with PWR 440 in general, special emphasis is put on the Czech NPP in Dukovany, where there are four PWR 440 reactors in operation, and on the possibilities for enhancing the defence in depth in this area. The second part of the thesis deals with the difference in station blackout definitions before and after Fukushima; not only the differences in situation evaluation are dealt with, but a solution is also proposed to make the system of secured power supply system during design basis accidents as well as design extension conditions more robust. This option has been selected out of a number of possibilities based on the evaluation of reliability, availability and cost-effectiveness of the proposal.
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Nuclear accidents
Mik, Martin ; Suk, Ladislav (referee) ; Vojáčková, Jitka (advisor)
This thesis is a research dealing with nuclear accidents and disasters in the world and us. The work is divided into several parts. The first part deals with the regulation of nuclear safety in the Czech Republic. The second part describes the international INES scale. The last and largest section deals with the actual accidents and disasters.
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International trade of uranium and its impact on world politics
Štětkář, Matěj ; Černá, Iveta (advisor) ; Bolotov, Ilya (referee)
I have written my bachelors thesis on International trade of uranium and its impact on world politics. The main goal is to analyze the evolution of international trade of uranium together with its impact on world events. Statistical and non-statistical data I have mainly taken from the official website of World Nuclear Organization and from statistical outlines made by OECD and IAEA. Based on the research, I have analyzed the Supply and Demand on the international market of uranium together with stating the main areas of extraction. Uranium is due to its importance in the energy and military industry very important strategic raw material that had great significance in the field of international relations in the past. The international trade of uranium is naturally connected with regulatory restrictions that are enforced by international nuclear organizations. The view of this work is the analysis of the impact of uranium on the world events in the last 50 years together with the prediction of the evolution of the international trade of uranium into the future. Although uranium is becoming more and more important source of energy in the future, it is still a subject of many controversial discussions.
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Japan's Energy Policy: Internal and External Impacts
Roštínský, Jakub ; Jeníček, Vladimír (advisor) ; Vošta, Milan (referee)
Main purpose of this thesis is to give complex overview of energy policy development in Japan and to identify the impact of Fukushima accident on actual energy policy in Japan. Thesis is divided into five chapters. In the first chapter the emphasis is put on development in second half of 20th century in which were created foundations of Japanese energy policy. Second chapter is focused on analysis of energy policy during first decade of 21st century, when complex definition and structure of Japanese energy policy was established. In third chapter author addresses the impact of Fukushima accident on official energy policy of Japan. The emphasis is put on identification of main changes in government attitude to nuclear energy and its place in energy mix of the country. Fourth chapter involves analysis of influence of Fukushima accident on three pillars of Japanese energy policy -- economy, energy security and environment. In last chapter author studies reactions of other countries on events in Fukushima in context of nuclear energy. Thesis is closed by analysis of present trend in world nuclear energy.
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The perception of the Czech population on radiation risks resulting from Fukushima power plant accident
ORTHOVÁ, Nikola
Fukushima accident is surely among one of the biggest nuclear accident in history. This accident was classified as the highest level of international classification scale radiation events, because there was a massive release of radionuclides into the environment, in the air and groundwater that seep into the waters of the sea. The same level, seven had a nuclear the Chernobyl accident. This accident caused the seabed quake and subsequent tsunami that excluded out cooling operation and power three reactors. Although there had been no deaths influence to radiation, and even in anyone not been proven radiation sindroms, so just as after the Chernobyl accident, even after this began to discuss nuclear energy worldwide. In the first part I dealt with developing a list of potential sources of exposure of the population, a summary of significant nuclear and radiation accidents, and I have analyzed in detail the Fukushima disaster and its aftermath. The following chapter summaries are developed each radiobiological effects of ionizing radiation on the human organism and I listed the health problems and illnesses caused by radiation bombardment. The last chapter of this thesis focuses on basic radiation protection systems. Determine the state of knowledge and opinions of people living in the Czech Republic on radiation risks stemming from Fukushima accidenthave I done with the help of a questionnaire survey conducted online, through social networks. All respondents' answers I analyzed and compiled into tables. Obtained results were analyzed and statistically processed with the help of a good test 2 stairs, I also conducted compared and assessed of this analysis in relation to the residence of the respondents. Individual randomly selected regions I tested with the help of two-tailed t-test. Based on these results, I must say that the knowledge of the Czech population reported serious faults. And it is necessary to say that knowledge of the Czech population statistically significant differences. I declare that I have met all the pre-specified objective. But the hypotheses have been disproved.
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The Position of the EU to Nuclear Energy after Fukushima: Reactions of Germany and the Czech Republic
NEUMANNOVÁ, Nicole
The paper deals with the approach of the European Union or the approach of the Federal Republic of Germany and the Czech Republic to the nuclear disaster in Fukushima. The main aim is to describe and compare the reactions of these two states to the situation with regard to the historical position towards nuclear energy before the accident, but especially the political and social impact after the accident. In the first, theoretical, part the author presents basic information about nuclear energy, its advantages and disadvantages. This section also introduces a system for evaluation of nuclear disasters, along with examples of the most important accidents in history. The text also presents institutions and authorities which deal with nuclear power throughout the EU and the key legal texts that determine its official position and policy on this topic. In the second, practical, part the German and Czech responses to the incident in Fukushima are deeply analyzed. The author follows the development of perception of nuclear power in both states and the consequent impact on the common relations between the two countries.
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